体外传代培养对关节软骨细胞成软骨能力的影响

目的　研究不同代体外培养关节软骨细胞成软骨能力 ,选择软骨组织工程最佳种子细胞。方法　将兔膝关节软骨消化分离出软骨细胞 ,传代培养至第 6代 ,每代细胞与模板支架材料Pluron icF 12 7混匀形成复合物 ,使细胞浓度达 5× 10 7/ml,将复合物注射于自体兔背部皮下 ,9周后取材 ,进行大体观察、新生软骨湿重与体积测量、组织学观察。结果　体外培养关节软骨细胞随传代次数的增加 ,形态从圆形逐渐向梭形转变。 1～ 3代软骨细胞成软骨能力最强 ,新生软骨的湿重与体积最大 ,组织结构与正常软骨相同 ;第 4代成软骨能力减弱 ,软骨基质分泌减少 ,新生软骨湿重和体积减小 ,与前 3代比较差异有显著性 ;第 5代仅形成分散于纤维组织内的软骨细胞团 ;第 6代则未发现有软骨样组织形成。结论　①在体外单层培养条件下 ,随传代次数的增加关节软骨细胞逐渐去分化 ,成软骨能力逐渐降低直到完全丧失。②前 3代软骨细胞均具备形成正常软骨的能力 ,都可用作组织工程的种子细胞 ,但传代培养的目的是使细胞得以最大限度扩增 ,因此第 3代关节软骨细胞是可被应用的最佳种子细胞     

体外培养人胎儿软骨细胞的生物学特性

目的建立人胎儿软骨细胞分离培养、扩增技术体系,研究其体外单层培养条件下的生长特性,探讨胎儿软骨细胞作为软骨组织工程种子细胞的可行性.方法酶消化法获取胎儿软骨细胞,体外培养扩增,经测定细胞生长曲线、群体倍增时间及累计倍增数目,观察细胞生长动力学并确定体外生长规律.通过免疫组织化学检测Ⅱ型胶原分泌,阿利辛蓝比色法测定基质糖胺多糖(GAG)含量.P1细胞接种于聚羟乙酸(PGA)纤维支架,观察两者生物相容性及细胞体外成软骨能力.结果关节软骨细胞形态呈典型的多角形,随着传代的次数增加,逐渐变成"成纤维细胞样"的条梭形.平均倍增时间为74 h.细胞连续培养5代,累计倍增数目为7.83±0.42.P1～P5间接免疫组化Ⅱ型胶原表达阳性,P6不表达.GAG含量P1细胞低于P0细胞,随体外培养时间延长逐渐增加.P1细胞接种于PGA纤维支架,体外培养14 d,组织学观察显示有软骨组织形成.结论胎儿软骨细胞经常规体外培养,至第6代失去分泌软骨特异性基质的功能.P1细胞接种PGA纤维展现良好的生物相容性,初步证实胎儿软骨细胞作为软骨组织工程种子细胞的可行性.     

体外培养人胎儿软骨细胞的生物学特性

目的 建立人胎儿软骨细胞分离培养、扩增技术体系,研究其体外单层培养条件下的生长特性,探讨胎儿软骨细胞作为软骨组织工程种子细胞的可行性。方法酶消化法获取胎儿软骨细胞,体外培养扩增,经测定细胞生长曲线、群体倍增时间及累计倍增数目,观察细胞生长动力学并确定体外生长规律。通过免疫组织化学检测Ⅱ型胶原分泌,阿利辛蓝比色法测定基质糖胺多糖(GAG)含量。P1细胞接种于聚羟乙酸(PGA)纤维支架,观察两者生物相容性及细胞体外成软骨能力。结果 关节软骨细胞形态呈典型的多角形,随着传代的次数增加,逐渐变成“成纤维细胞样”的条梭形。平均倍增时间为74 h。细胞连续培养5代,累计倍增数目为7.83±0.42。P1-P5间接免疫组化Ⅱ型胶原表达阳性,P6不表达。GAG含量P1细胞低于P0细胞,随体外培养时间延长逐渐增加。P1细胞接种于PGA纤维支架,体外培养14 d,组织学观察显示有软骨组织形成。结论 胎儿软骨细胞经常规体外培养,至第6代失去分泌软骨特异性基质的功能。P1细胞接种PGA纤维展现良好的生物相容性,初步证实胎儿软骨细胞作为软骨组织工程种子细胞的可行性。     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对体外培养的兔软骨细胞合成蛋白多糖的影响

观察碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 (bFGF)对体外培养兔关节软骨细胞合成蛋白多糖的影响 ,旨在为临床软骨损伤的修复寻找理论依据。取新西兰幼兔关节软骨组织 ,经消化后将其以细胞密度 2× 1 0 4 /mL接种 ,当细胞融合生长时 ,培养瓶随机分 2组 ,为细胞换液 ,第 1组的培养液同前 ,第 2组的培养液中含有bFGF 1 0 μg/L ,2h后 ,在培养液中加入Na2 35SO4 ,使其含量为 1 85 0MBq/L ,继续培养 1d后测量软骨细胞摄取35SO4 2 - 的量 ,并在电镜和光镜下观测蛋白多糖的形态。结果 :培养基中含有bFGF和缺乏bFGF生长的软骨细胞对35SO4 2 - 的摄取量有明显差异 (两者均P <0 .0 1 )。在光镜和电镜下均可以看到生长在含有bFGF培养液中的单层软骨细胞分泌的蛋白多糖较未加bFGF培养出单层软骨细胞分泌的蛋白多糖多。由此提示bFGF可促进软骨细胞合成蛋白多糖     

兔关节软骨细胞的分离、培养和形态学特征

[目的]探讨兔关节软骨细胞的分离、培养方法,观察单层高浓度培养时细胞表型表达情况.[方法]无菌条件下,从 2周龄新西兰白兔的颞颌关节及四肢关节髁突面削取软骨片,采用机械-酶消化法分离软骨细胞,经台盼蓝拒染计数,将细胞按 1× 106个 /孔接种于 6孔培养板,传代培养,描绘生长曲线.利用相差显微镜及透射电镜观察细胞形态.应用甲苯胺蓝及Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化对细胞进行鉴定.[结果]每克软骨能获取 1 5× 106个软骨细胞,活性率为 95%.培养 2～ 3 d,细胞贴壁、变形,呈多角形; 8 d左右,细胞融合成层.透射电镜观察显示细胞核圆形,有丰富的粗面内质网、高尔基体及分泌的基质成分.甲苯胺蓝及Ⅱ型胶原染色阳性.细胞传至 5代后,出现"成纤维细胞样".[结论]本研究建立了简单易行的软骨细胞分离、培养方法;初代、第 2代细胞生长良好,适合于实验研究;软骨细胞 5代培养后,细胞表型发生改变.     

兔软骨细胞的分离与培养

目的 探讨免软骨细胞培养方法。方法采用胶原酶Ⅱ分段消化法从4周龄新西兰兔的关节软骨中分离出软骨细胞并进行原代和传代培养。每日在倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态及其生长情况。并用甲苯胺蓝异染色进行细胞表型鉴定。结果软骨细胞形成单层的时间原代培养1周左右，传代培养约4～5天，细胞以圆形或上皮样细胞形态为主。甲苯胺蓝染色证实细胞可合成蛋白多糖，异染反应主要集中在细胞集落样生长区，异染程度以原代培养最为显。结论采用本方法培养兔软骨细胞是可行的。     

正常人关节软骨细胞的培养及冻存复苏的影响

目的观察正常人关节软骨细胞的体外培养及冻存后再复苏对人体关节软骨细胞活性所产生的影响。方法在无菌条件下取因创伤所致离断且无再植条件残肢的关节软骨组织,采用Ⅱ型胶原酶一次消化的方法获取原代软骨细胞后进行体外培养,并经10%DMSO冻存液冻存及常规复苏,过程中均用倒置显微镜定期观察软骨细胞的形态生长变化以及复苏后细胞的存活率。结果常规消化传代后的第2～4代间贴壁时间无明显差别,但较原代明显变短,生长速度加快,在形态上仍以三角或多角形为主,传代在5代以内的软骨细胞仍能保持正常的组织学形态,且复苏后软骨细胞的存活率能达95%。结论原代培养获得的正常人体关节软骨细胞在5代以内者可以较好地保留软骨细胞的特性和活性。     

兔软骨细胞的高密度培养及生物学特征

目的观察高密度培养软骨细胞生物学性状的变化，为软骨组织工程建立合适的体外培养方法。方法用酶消化法分离兔关节软骨细胞，高密度单层培养并传代，HE染色、蕃红-O染色观察软骨细胞形态和分泌功能，RT—PCR及免疫组化法观察细胞生物学特征变化。结果高密度培养时，软骨细胞去分化速度减缓，传5代细胞表型保持良好。结论高密度培养利于维持软骨细胞生物学特征，原代细胞高密度培养和传代培养后高密度培养是较好的获取大量优良软骨细胞的培养方式。     

兔关节软骨细胞的分离培养及生物学特征

目的 探讨兔关节软骨细胞分离培养的方法和生物学特性。方法 从4周龄新西兰白兔关节分离培养软骨细胞，倒置显微镜下观察原代及传代培养的细胞形态学变化，并计数绘制生长曲线。测定细胞冻存复苏后的存活率。用甲苯胺蓝染色和免疫细胞化学法了解葡萄糖胺多糖（GAGs），Ⅱ型胶原的合成情况并鉴定细胞。结果 成功建立体外培养兔关节软骨细胞的实验方法。原代培养的软骨细胞呈多角形，传代3次后出现反分化。形态学、免疫化学染色显示细胞培养3代以内可以保持表型的稳定，冷冻复苏存活率为92％。结论 本文建立的体外培养关节软骨细胞的方法简单可行。体外培养的兔软骨细胞表型能保持3代稳定，具有良好的生物学活性，可用于实验研究，可经深低温冷冻保存。     

猪耳廓软骨细胞外分泌基质的检测

目的　通过体外传代培养猪耳廓软骨细胞 ,并连续检测软骨细胞形成外分泌基质的能力 ,寻找出最适宜接种的种子细胞。方法　通过Ⅱ型胶原酶消化法获得高活性的软骨细胞 ,定量接种 6× 10 6个细胞于培养皿 ,每周传代 1次 ,连续 5周 ,留取所有培养液用阿利新蓝法测定软骨细胞外分泌基质糖胺多糖 (GAG) ;利用光镜观察原代及传代软骨细胞的生长情况。结果　第 1,2 ,3 ,4,5周软骨细胞外分泌基质GAG平均含量分别为 :612 ,12 3 5 ,14 62 ,113 8和 710 μg。 结论　体外培养的第 2代软骨细胞功能和活性最佳 ,传代第 2周是最佳接种时间。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.