Laparoscopic management of a single system ectopic ureterocele with transitional cell carcinoma in the distal ureter

Single system ectopic ureterocele associated with transitional cell carcinoma in the ureter has not been described previously. Only two cases of transitional cell carcinoma in a single ectopic ureter have been reported in the published literature. With the development of minimally invasive surgery, we report the first case of single system ectopic ureterocele with transitional cell carcinoma in the distal ureter that was successfully managed by laparoscopic surgery.     

Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder associated with transitional cell carcinoma of the right ureter

We report on a case of a 72-year-old male with vesical signet-ring cell carcinoma containing a transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) component. It was associated with pure TCC of the right ureter. No other microscopic changes were found in the bladder. The pathogenesis of this signet-ring cell carcinoma is described.     

Transitional cell carcinoma in an ectopic ureter

We experienced an 82-year-old man with transitional cell carcinoma in an ectopic ureter draining into the prostatic urethra. Carcinoma arising from an ectopic ureter is very rare and a differential diagnosis is difficult. To our knowledge, our case is the third male case reported in the literature.     

Laparoscopic resection of a hepatocellular carcinoma arising from an ectopic liver

Ectopic livers are rarely seen intra-abdominal lesions. Ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be defined as an HCC arising from hepatic parenchyma located in an extrahepatic organ or tissue. The authors report a case of a primary, well-differentiated HCC arising from ectopic liver tissue in the left subphrenic space at the upper portion of the gastrorenal ligament that was successfully treated by laparoscopic resection. A 59-year-old man was referred to our department for the management of an intra-abdominal mass, which was incidentally found in a follow-up abdominal computed tomography scan for splenic laceration. The preoperative diagnosis suggested that it was a nonspecific stomach mass of maximal diameter 4.5 cm, such as, a gastrointestinal stromal tumor, located between the diaphragm and spleen. A computed tomography scan identified no mass in the liver. Laparoscopic resection was performed, and the final pathologic result confirmed that it was a HCC. The patient's postoperative course was unremarkable. This is the first reported case of a laparoscopically treated ectopic HCC. Moreover, laparoscopic resection was found to be safe and reliable in this case.     

Squamous cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma arising in bladder augmentations

Tumours arising in bowel-augmented bladders are rare. Usually these tumours are adenocarcinomas that occur along the anastomotic line. We present two unusual tumours, squamous cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma, that occurred in bladder augmentations. We also emphasize the need for regular cystoscopic surveillance.     

Synchronously occurring transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter with adrenocortical carcinoma

A sixty eight-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of macroscopic hematuria. Ultrasonography, X-ray and laboratory examination revealed a right ureter tumor and left non-functioning adrenal tumor. Pathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter and left adrenocortical carcinoma. A review of persistent Japanese literature revealed this case to be the 97th case of non-functioning adrenocortical carcinoma and the first case synchronously occurring with transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter. Forty eight cases of synchronously occurring transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter with cancers in other organs, especially renal cell carcinoma and gastric cancer, have been reported. Recently, an increasing number of cases of non-functioning adrenal carcinoma are detected by CT scan, ultrasonography, adrenal radioisotopic scintigraphy and urinary 17-OHCS, 17-KS.     

Ureteroscopic management of transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter using the neodymium:YAG laser

Ureteroscopy offers an extension of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment to upper urinary tract malignancy. Combination of ureteroscopy and the Nd:YAG laser permits accurate and effective treatment of ureteral neoplasms. Nine highly selected patients, six males and three females, were treated with low grade papillary transitional cell carcinomas of the ureter with at least 24 months follow-up. Follow-up cytology and IVP have indicated no evidence for disease recurrence between the follow-up periods and minimal morbidity to the ureteroscopy and laser treatment. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Transitional cell carcinoma in a single ectopic ureter opening into the ejaculatory duct

The incidence of an ectopic ureter in male patients is low. The ectopic ureter in men often ends at the seminal tract in association with renal dysgenesis. Malignant transformation of this closed, nonfunctional urothelial system has been reported only once. To our knowledge, we report the first case of primary transitional cell carcinoma in a single ectopic ureter with a dysplastic kidney that terminated in the ejaculatory duct.     

Hypoplastic right kidney with ectopic nonduplicated ureter

Hypoplastic kidney with an ectopic ureter can produce urinary incontinence with its known psychologic disturbances. By diligent urologic workup, the diagnosis may be made preoperatively and appropriate surgical correction undertaken.     

Possibility of spontaneous seeding of transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter in renal tubules: Another mechanism of transitional cell carcinoma dissemination

Cancer cell seeding inside the urinary tract always has been considered one possible mechanism of the multicentric origin of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). However, there is still no direct clinical evidence to prove that the natural seeding of TCC is a real event. To our knowledge, we report the first case of spontaneous seeding of TCC of the ureter in the renal tubules of a hydronephrotic kidney. The TCC nature of the intratubular tumor cells has been confirmed by the morphological appearance of them after hematoxylin and eosin staining and positive p53 immunohistochemical staining.     

Adenocarcinoma arising from the prostatic duct mimicking transitional cell carcinoma

A 71-year-old man was first diagnosed with primary transitional cell carcinoma of the prostate with a skip lesion on the distal urethra. The patient received three courses of intra-arterial chemotherapy of cisplatin (CDDP) and pirarubicin (THP-ADM) followed by a radical prostatectomy. Histopathologic examination of the prostatectomy specimen revealed adenocarcinoma invasion along the prostatic duct extending to the peripheral acini, which was diagnosed as ductal adenocarcinoma. The clinical and histopathologic features of this case are entirely different from usual adenocarcinomas of the prostate. This rare histopathologic feature should be recognized as 'ductal carcinoma of the prostate', to distinguish it from papillary adenocarcinoma or adenocarcinoma with endometrioid features. The patient has had no sign of recurrence 14 months after the operation. CDDP-based chemotherapy followed by radical prostatectomy may be one of the promising therapeutic modalities for this rare entity.