Surgical treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures by bipolar hip replacement or total hip replacement in elderly osteoporotic patients

A retrospective study was conducted to assess the complications, clinical and functional outcomes at 5 years of follow-up of a series of elderly osteoporotic patients with an unstable intertrochanteric fracture treated by bipolar or total hip replacement. Fifty-four patients with an A2 intertrochanteric osteoporotic fracture were identified between 1996 and 2000. The average age of the patients was 81 years (SD=5). The follow-up time was 5 years. Patients received a bipolar or total hip replacement. During follow-up, we analyzed postoperative complications, mortality rate, functional results using the Harris hip score, time to return to normal activities, and radiographic evidence of healing. One patient died intraoperatively; two patients died on the third and eighth postoperative days and seven patients died within 1 year. Twenty-five patients were living at the 5-year follow-up. Harris hip score at 1 month was 64±8 (mean±SD); at 3 months, 75±5; at 1 year, 76±5; and at 5 years, 76±9. Weight-bearing was permitted immediately after surgery, as tolerated. Time to return to normal daily activities was 27±5 days. No loosening or infection of the implants were observed. In elderly osteoporotic patients with an unstable intertrochanteric fracture, bipolar or total hip replacement in association with reduction of the greater trochanter is a valid alternative to the standard treatment of internal fixation. This surgical technique permits a more rapid recovery with immediate weight-bearing, and a maintenance of a good level of function, with little risk of mechanical failure.     

生物型全髋置换治疗股骨转子间骨折髓内钉固定术后创伤性关节炎的中期疗效

目的:分析生物型全髋关节置换(total hip arthroplasty,THA)治疗股骨转子间骨折髓内钉固定术后创伤性关节的中期疗效。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2017年1月治疗的22例转子间骨折髓内钉固定术后继发创伤性关节炎患者,其中男10例,女12例;年龄61~84(72.5±9.8)岁。初次内固定方式:Gamma钉固定14例,PFNA固定8例。内固定术后至THA时间10~68(32.2±21.3)个月。比较术前及术后髋关节Harris评分,通过术后3、6、12个月及末次随访影像学评估假体位置。结果:1例在术后1年死于心衰,2例术后2年死于晚期肿瘤,其余19例患者获得随访,时间36~64(48.5±11.9)个月。末次随访时14例可自由行走,4例需单手杖辅助,1例需助步器辅助。随访期间无关节脱位、假体周围骨折及深静脉血栓形成等严重并发症发生。髋关节Harris评分由术前的(29.2±12.9)分提高到末次随访的(74.2±11.2)分(P<0.05);其中优9例,良7例,可3例。结论:生物型全髋关节置换术治疗股骨转子间骨折髓内钉固定术后创伤性关节炎,可明显改善髋关节功能,有效避免骨水泥植入综合征,中期疗效满意。     

伴有后方冠状面骨折的A2.3型股骨转子间骨折的临床特点和治疗

目的 :探讨伴有后方冠状面骨折的A2.3型股骨转子间骨折的特点、手术技巧和疗效。方法:2011年1月至2014年1月,采用股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗33例伴有后方冠状面骨折的股骨转子间骨折的患者,其中男15例,女18例;年龄61~92岁,平均(73.1±8.2)岁;按照AO/OTA分型,均为A2.3型;均为闭合性骨折。均采取有限切开辅助复位内固定术,采用Harris髋关节评分标准对术后疗效进行评价。结果:1例术后19 d死亡,32例获得随访,随访时间9~24个月,平均(16.3±5.1)个月;根据X线片随访,骨折愈合时间6~9个月,平均(7.2±1.5)个月。末次随访Harris髋关节功能评分为76~95分,平均(85.3±5.6)分;其中优13例,良16例,可3例。结论:伴有后方冠状面骨折的A2.3型股骨转子间骨折类型特殊,复位困难,又相当不稳定,需使用辅助切口复位,并采用近端抗旋髓内钉固定,术后康复锻炼亦需个体化。     

Outcomes of minimally invasive osteosynthesis of intertrochanteric fractures with dynamic hip screw: A prospective case series

BackgroundIntertrochanteric fractures are a public health concern, especially in geriatric patients. Early surgical management is crucial to allow early mobilization, which helps reduce the disability and increase patients' survival. In this article, we report the outcomes of minimally invasive osteosynthesis of intertrochanteric fractures with dynamic hip screw (DHS).MethodsThe present study was a prospective case series of patients who had intertrochanteric fractures treated with minimally invasive DHS technique. Postoperative patient satisfaction rate was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) of pain. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Harris hip score (HHS) and the Merle-d'Aubigne-Postel (MDP) scoring system at 12 months of follow-up. Satisfactory results were considered with HHS of ≥80 points and MDP scores of ≥15. Postoperative complications were noted.ResultsIn this study, 70 patients were included, 41 (58.6%) males and 29 (41.4%) females, with an average age of 69.3 ± 8.3 years. The mean length of hospital stay was 2.1 ± 0.9 days. The average follow-up period was 23.9 ± 7.1 months. The mean time to radiological union was 16.8 ± 1.9 weeks. The mean postoperative VAS score for pain was 2.5 ± 1.1. The mean HHS was 87.1 ± 4.7 points and the mean MDP score was 15.6 ± 2.3 at 12 months follow-up. An average of 10.6 ± 2.9 weeks was required for full weight bearing.ConclusionThe minimally invasive DHS technique effectively treats intertrochanteric fractures with minimal incision, less bleeding, shorter operative time, early discharge from hospital, faster rehabilitation, and favorable functional outcomes.     

Early migration characteristics of a hydroxyapatite-coated femoral stem: an RSA study

Measurement of early stem subsidence can be used to predict the likelihood of long-term femoral component loosening and clinical failure. Data that examines the early migration pattern of clinically proven stems will provide clinicians with useful baseline data with which to compare new stem designs. This study was performed to evaluate the early migration pattern of a hydroxyapatite-coated press-fit femoral component that has been in use for over ten years. We enrolled 30 patients who underwent THA for osteoarthritis. The median age was 70 years (range, 55–80 years). Patients were clinically assessed using the Harris hip score. Radiostereometric analysis was used to evaluate stem migration at three to four days, six months, one year and two years. We observed a mean subsidence of 0.73 mm at six months, 0.62 mm at one year and 0.58 mm at two years and a mean retroversion of 1.82° at six months, 1.90° at one year and 1.59° at two years. This data suggests that subsidence is confined to the first six months after which there was no further subsidence. The results from this study can be compared with those from novel cementless stem designs to help predict the long-term outcome one may expect from new cementless stem designs.     

An early comparison of clinical and mechanical aspects of hybrid and uncemented hip resurfacing

Hip resurfacing is a popular operation for hip joint arthritis. It has been performed using hybrid and uncemented components. We aim to compare the two techniques functionally and mechanically over a 2 year post-operative period. We studied anteroposterior (AP) radiographs from 30 patients who had undergone hybrid hip resurfacing and 30 patients who had undergone uncemented hip resurfacing using the transgluteal approach to the hip. We measured the acetabular offset, femoral offset, stem/shaft angle, medialization of the cup, head/neck ratio, cup height, leg length and the implant seating pre-operatively, immediately post-operatively, 1 and 2 years post-operatively. Harris Hip Scores were performed pre-operatively and at 1 year post-operatively. There was no significant loss of offset and no femoral neck thinning at 2 years post-operatively with no loss of leg length. We note a smaller femoral offset and a reduction on average of 2.87 mm in seating of the femoral cap in the uncemented group when compared to the hybrid group at the 1 year postoperative review. Thus, we attribute to movement of the femoral component in the first year postoperatively, and as such restoration of the femoral offset to the pre-operative level. Both groups showed an equal significant improvement in the Harris Hip Scores at the 1 year postoperative period when compared to the pre-operative score. We conclude that uncemented hip resurfacing is statistically as good as the hybrid hip resurfacing, with a stable uncemented femoral component relying on biological cancellous fixation rather than cement fixation. We also note that in both groups, no evidence of neck thinning was noted at the 2 year postoperative period.     

Closing lateral wedge valgus osteotomy with dynamic hip screw for the treatment of varus nonunion of pertrochanteric fracture: can restoration of biomechanics and stabilization alone heal?

Introduction  Nonunion of pertrochanteric fracture is rare and its occurrence especially without prior surgical intervention has been hardly ever reported. Hence there is not much literature describing the best way to treat them. Nonunion of pertrochanteric fracture collapses in to varus by virtue of deforming action of muscles and thus deranging the biomechanics of the hip and indirectly preventing fracture union further. Hence it is very important to re-orient the abductor lever arm to biomechanically advantageous normal configuration favoring fracture healing. In general, principles of treatment of nonunion like open reduction of the fracture with freshening of fracture fragments, stabilization and bone grafting are very difficult to the surgeon and the patient. Method  We herewith describe for the first time in literature a prospective nonrandomized study of closing lateral wedge valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy in addition to dynamic hip screw osteosynthesis in the successful management of seven patients with varus trochanteric nonunion. Average operating time was 63 ± 13 min (range 39–93 min) and blood loss was 212 ± 32 ml (range 156–320 ml). Average pre-operative coxa vara of 94° ± 7° (range 85°–104°) had improved to a femoral neck shaft angle of 139° ± 4° (range 134°–145°) on postoperative radiographs. Results  All fractures and osteotomies had healed uneventfully at the last follow-up with good functional outcome. Harris Hip score had improved from 34 ± 6 (range 22–47) to 89 ± 4 (range 83–95) at an average of 11 months (range 7–13 months) follow-up. Valgus osteotomy converts shear forces across the fracture site into compressive forces thus achieving union.     

Comparison of sartorius muscle-pedicle and circumflex iliac deep bone flap grafts in the treatment of early non-traumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head in young adults

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to retrospectively compare and evaluate the midterm curative effect of two different bone flap grafts in the treatment of early non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).MethodsA total of 180 patients (199 hips) with early non-traumatic ONFH received surgical treatment by sartorius muscle-pedicle bone flap graft (SMBF) (104 patients, 64 males and 40 females; mean age 34.67 ± 3.24 years) or circumflex iliac deep bone flap graft (CIDBF) (76 patients, 44 males and 32 females; mean age: 35.54 ± 3.37 years) from July 2004 to July 2009. The comparison between the groups was made with Harris score before and after surgery, length of incision, operative time, amount of bleeding, postoperative X-ray. Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) staging was performed.ResultsThe preoperative Harris hip score of two groups were 68.26 ± 1.26 and 69.35 ± 1.31, respectively. Patients' ARCO staging indicated 36 hips of stage IIa, 115 hips of stage IIb and 48 hips of stage IIc. The etiology of ONFH mainly including hormones (93 patients), alcohol (64 patients) and other (23 patients). The mean follow-up time of SMBF and CIDBF groups were (51.78 ± 2.35) and (52.73 ± 3.71) months, respectively. The time of removing sutures, operation time, amount of bleeding and length of incision in SMBF group were superior to those in the CIDBF group, and those differences between the SMBF and CIDBF groups were not significant (all p values > 0.28). The Harris score between the two groups was similar after operation and postoperative 12 month, and the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05), whereas the difference of the postoperative 24 and 48 months was statistically significant (p ˂ 0.05). X-ray analysis showed improvement of osteonecrosis in both two groups after surgery, and as time went on, the total hip amount decreased, the replacement amount increased.ConclusionBoth bone flap grafts appear to be effective methods for treatment of early osteonecrosis of femoral head (ARCOⅡ), and the SMBF is a relatively simple technique and easy for mastering, and it is a reliable method for clinical application.Level of evidenceLevel III, Therapeutic Study.     

人工全髋关节置换联合自体股骨头结构性植骨及转子下截骨治疗Crowe Ⅳ型髋关节发育不良的短期随访

目的：探讨联合自体股骨头结构性植骨及股骨转子下截骨的人工全髋关节置换术治疗CroweⅣ型髋关节发育不良（developmental dysplasia of the hip, DDH）的短期临床效果。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2013年12月于我院手术治疗CroweⅣ型DDH的48例（48髋）病人的临床资料,手术均使用非骨水泥组配式S?ROM假体行全髋关节置换术,髋臼均行自体股骨头结构性植骨,并用2~3枚空心拉力螺钉固定,股骨均行小转子下截骨。记录术中截骨长度,术中出血量及输血例数,术中股骨远端骨折例数,术后股神经损伤及静脉血栓发生例数,术后假体松动、假体周围骨折及感染例数。比较病人术前术后的疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale, VAS）评分、Harris评分及双下肢长度差异。结果2例术中出现股骨远端骨折,予以钢丝捆扎术后3个月复查提示骨折端骨性愈合。3例术后出现股神经损伤症状,术后1个月复查时症状均消失。术前患肢较健肢平均短缩（6.3±0.9）cm,患髋的Harris评分为（38.6±5.3）分;术后随访2年时的患肢较健肢平均短缩（1.9±0.7）cm,Harris评分为（89.2±1.4）分;手术前后各指标差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。随访期间无假体松动、感染,无假体周围骨折。结论联合自体股骨头结构性植骨及股骨转子下截骨的人工全髋关节置换术是治疗CroweⅣ型DDH的一种有效的手术方式,值得进一步研究。     

人工股骨头置换联合大转子再结合装置在高龄股骨转子间骨折中的应用

目的 探讨人工股骨头置换联合大转子再结合装置(greater trochanter reattachment,GTR)治疗高龄重度骨质疏松性股骨转子间粉碎性骨折的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析我院2013年9月至2014年9月收治的48例JensenⅢ、Ⅴ型股骨转子间骨折伴重度骨质疏松病人的临床资料.采用人工股骨头置换联合GTR固定的21例病人纳入GTR组,采用股骨头置换联合普通钢丝捆扎固定的27例病人纳入钢丝捆扎组.收集并比较两组病人的手术时间、术后首次下床行走时间、并发症发生率、患侧髋关节外展维持时间以及术后1、6、12个月的髋关节Harris功能评分.结果 GTR组的手术时间和术后首次下床行走时间分别为(68.86±5.47)min、(2.76±0.70)d,较钢丝捆扎组的(72.07±4.47)min、(3.52±0.85)d显著缩短(P=0.030,P=0.002);GTR组病人术后髋关节外展维持时间为(10.81±1.78)s,较钢丝捆扎组的(9.33±1.24)s显著延长(P=0.001);术后1个月时GTR组髋关节Harris评分为(75.71±2.39)分,明显优于钢丝捆扎组的(73.56±2.24)分(P=0.002);但两组病人术后6、12个月的髋关节Harris功能评分和其并发症发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05).结论 人工股骨头置换联合GTR治疗高龄重度骨质疏松性股骨转子间粉碎性骨折,具有操作简便、固定牢固、可行早期功能锻炼等优点,有利于改善病人的生活质量.     

人工股骨头置换治疗高龄患者股骨转子间骨折髓内钉失效的手术时机选择

目的:分析高龄患者股骨转子间骨折髓内钉失效后行人工股骨头置换术的手术时机选择。方法：2013年7月至2019年9月,采用人工股骨头置换术治疗股骨转子间骨折髓内钉固定失效后的17例高龄患者,根据从确诊内固定失效到行人工股骨头置换术的间隔时间将患者分为早期手术和延期手术两组。其中,早期手术组8例,男5例,女3例;年龄80~89（84.88±2.79）岁;间隔1~7（4.13±1.73） d。延期手术组9例,男4例,女5例;年龄80~89（84.22±3.03）岁;间隔15~30（25.56±4.36） d。比较两组患者手术时间、术中失血量、术后首次下地负重时间、术后住院时间、并发症例数及死亡例数。术后1、12个月采用Harris评分评价髋关节功能。结果：术后患者切口愈合良好,早期手术组泌尿道感染1例;延期手术组中,肌间静脉血栓2例,肺部感染1例,泌尿道感染3例,假体脱位1例。17例患者均获随访,时间12~16（14.76±1.86）个月。两组手术时间、术中失血量、死亡例数比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;两组术后首次下地负重时间、术后住院时间、并发症例数比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。术后1个月两组患者Harris评分比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;术后12个月两组患者Harris评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：高龄患者股骨转子间骨折髓内钉固定失效后,早期手术同延期手术相比,其死亡率及最终髋关节功能无明显差异,但早期行人工股骨头置换术能够让患者更早下地负重,缩短住院时间,有效减少并发症率,尽快恢复髋关节功能。     

Primary repair for concurrent bilateral intertrochanteric fracture and femoral head necrosis with prolonged shank biologic total hip replacement: A case report and surgical techniques

For the treatment of an intertrochanteric fracture combined with femoral head necrosis in middle-age patients, it has been controversial whether to perform fracture reduction and fixation first then total hip replacement, or direct total hip replacement. We present a rare case of 53-year-old male patient suffered from bilateral intertrochanteric fracture caused by a road traffic injury. The patient had a history of femoral head necrosis for eight years, and the Harris score was 30. We performed total hip replacement with prolonged biologic shank prostheses for primary repair. One year after the surgery, nearly full range of motion was achieved without instability (active flexion angle of 110°, extension angle of 20°, adduction angle of 40°, abduction angle of 40°, internal rotation angle of 25°, and external rotation angle of 40°). The Harris score was 85. For the middle-aged patient with unstable intertrochanteric fractures and osteonecrosis of the femoral head, we can choose primary repair for concurrent bilateral intertrochanteric fracture and femoral head necrosis with prolonged shank biologic total hip replacement.     

The treatment strategies of intertrochanteric fractures nonunion: An experience of 23 nonunion patients

BackgroundIntertrochanteric femoral fractures are common, but the nonunion of intertrochanteric fractures is not. The purpose of this study was to divide intertrochanteric fracture nonunion into different types and give corresponding treatment strategies.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 23 patients with intertrochanteric fracture nonunion. The patients were divided into five groups and each group was treated with a different strategy. All patients had staged clinical and radiographic follow-ups and the mean follow-up was 16.0 ± 4.6 months.ResultsExcept for the patients treated with total hip arthroplasty, all patients achieved fracture union. The mean union time was 4.7 ± 1.2 months. The Harris hip function score differed significantly from preoperative (28.9 ± 6.8) to postoperative (83.8 ± 6.3; p < 0.05). For the three patients who were classified as type III, the femoral neck shaft angle was corrected to a significant degree, from 97.3 ± 6.4 to 127.3 ± 2.5 (p < 0.05). For the four patients who were classified as type V, the mean time from debridement to re-internal fixation was 3.7 ± 1.5 months.ConclusionsThere are several factors associated with the failure of intertrochanteric fracture treatments. We need to analyze the causes of fracture treatment failure carefully. Based on our five classifications and corresponding treatment strategies, the radiographic and functional treatment outcomes were satisfactory. Future larger comparative studies are needed to confirm our results.     

髋臼周围截骨联合股骨转子间截骨术治疗复杂的髋关节发育不良的近期疗效

 目的 探讨髋臼周围截骨联合股骨转子间截骨术治疗髋关节发育不良合并髋内、外翻畸形的近期疗效。方法 2006年1月至2011年8月,采用髋臼周围截骨联合股骨转子间截骨术治疗髋关节发育不良合并髋内、外翻畸形23例（25髋）,男2例,女21例;年龄15~26岁,平均（20.5±3.9）岁。2髋行转子间外翻截骨,23髋行内翻截骨。术前髋部疼痛5~24个月,平均（11±4.7）个月。术前Harris髋关节评分70~83分,平均（76.7±3.7）分。术前Shenton线均不连续,外侧CE角为-6°~15°,平均5.6°±4.6°。髋外翻23髋,术前颈干角150°~165°,平均158°±3.2°;髋内翻2髋,颈干角均为110°。术前T-nnis骨关节炎分级0级7髋,Ⅰ级12髋,Ⅱ级6髋。结果 术后随访12~78个月,平均（40±18）个月。23髋Shenton线连续、外侧CE角平均28.6°±2.9°、颈干角130°±2.1°、Harris髋关节评分（90.8±3.3）分,均较术前明显改善。Harris髋关节评分优17髋、良8髋。T-nnis骨关节炎分级无明显进展,0级6髋、Ⅰ级11髋、Ⅱ级8髋。术后出现股外侧皮神经损伤6髋、Shenton线仍不连续2髋、跛行步态3例。随访期间无股骨头坏死、截骨不愈合和股骨颈骨折等并发症。结论 髋臼周围截骨联合股骨转子间截骨术治疗复杂的髋关节发育不良,可以矫正或明显改善髋关节畸形,缓解疼痛,无明显的股骨头坏死和骨不愈合的风险。     

Osteosynthesis and primary valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy in displaced intracapsular fracture neck of femur with osteoporosis in adults

Fifty-three adults sustaining intracapsular femoral neck fractures (subcapital 38 and transcervical 15) with osteoporosis were treated primarily by osteosynthesis with valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy. Final evaluation was done in 50 patients (1 patient died and 2 lost to follow up, were not considered). Union was achieved in 47 (94%) patients in an average period of 12.2 weeks (range 10-18 weeks) with 100% union at osteotomy site. An axial collapse between 2 and 14 mm was observed in 74% of patients at the fracture site. Average neck shaft angle achieved was 141 degrees . Retroversion of the femoral head was seen in 28% of patients postoperatively, but none demonstrated a further posterior tilt of proximal femoral fragment, thus preventing implant cut through. One of the four patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head exhibited late segmental collapse between 98 and 171 weeks. Final results were excellent to good in 76% of patients (average hip score 92), fair in 18% (average Harris hip score 73) and poor in 6% (average Harris hip score 30). Deep infection in 2%, superficial infection in 4%, implant penetration into the joint in 4%, limb length discrepancy in 6% and external rotation in 68% were other complications. Primary osteosynthesis with valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy is a dependable procedure to provide stable fixation in fresh fractures of the neck of femur with osteoporosis. The potential benefit of retaining a viable biologic joint justifies the usefulness of this procedure.     

股骨近端髓内钉治疗不稳定性老年股骨转子间骨折

目的：对应用股骨近端髓内钉内固定治疗不稳定性老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效进行分析。方法：2006年9月至2009年9月收治90例不稳定性老年股骨转子间骨折,其中女50例,男40例,平均年龄73.2岁（64～95岁）;右髋骨折50例,左髋骨折40例。根据AO分型进行分类,A2.1型11例,A2.2型21例,A2.3型25例,A3.1型9例,A3.2型6例,A3.3型18例。受伤至手术时间平均3.2d（2～20d）,平均住院时间12.8d（7～24d）。均采用闭合牵引复位,股骨近端髓内钉内固定,术后采用Harris髋部评分标准进行疗效分析。结果：平均手术时间36.8min（23～110min）,平均出血量150ml（100～500ml）。90例获随访,时间6～24个月,平均12个月,全部获得骨性愈合,复位优69例,良14例,差7例,平均颈干角135.6°（126°～147°）。术后并发症：髋内翻2例,大转子顶点骨化性肌炎5例,螺钉切出1例,股骨近端疼痛7例,患肢短缩10例,平均短缩9.3mm（8～14mm）。术后Harris髋部评分平均（80.5±9.8）分,优26例,良37例,中18例,差9例。结论：股骨近端髓内钉内固定治疗不稳定性老年股骨转子间骨折手术创伤小,操作简单,固定可靠,功能锻炼时间早,疗效满意。     

Valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy for malunion and nonunion of trochanteric fractures

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy for varus nonunion and malunion of trochanteric fractures. SETTING: University hospital. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. PATIENTS: Fifteen patients (age range 29-84 years) with varus malunion (11 cases) or varus nonunion (4 cases). Indication for surgery was nonunion or varus malunion with limb shortening greater than 2 cm associated with limp, abductor muscle insufficiency, hip pain, and back pain. INTERVENTION: The patients were treated by a valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy fixed with a 120 degrees double-angled blade plate. RESULTS: Average follow-up was 5.5 years (range 2-10 years). Fourteen patients healed without complications: 12 patients within 4 months; 2 delayed unions within 6 months. One patient required revision surgery for a loss of fixation due to a fall 6 weeks after surgery. This osteotomy also healed. Average lengthening achieved by osteotomy was 2 cm (range 1-5 cm). In all patients, the resulting range of flexion in the hip joint was greater than 90 degrees, Harris hip score before surgery was 73 points (range 61-83), and after surgery 92 points (range 76-98). Osteoarthritis or avascular necrosis of the femoral head did not develop in any of the cases. CONCLUSION: Valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy is an effective procedure that reliably restores hip function in trochanteric malunion or nonunion.     

Mid-Term Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of a Long Cementless Monobloc Stem for Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty

BackgroundFor the past 2 decades, the authors have been using a long tapered cementless stem made of titanium and fully coated with hydroxyapatite for revision total hip arthroplasty. The purpose of this multicentric study is to assess clinical outcomes, radiographic outcomes, re-revision rates, and survival rates of this revision stem at a minimum 5-year follow-up.MethodsThe records of a multicentric continuous series of 335 adults undergoing revision total hip arthroplasty using the Corail revision stem (DePuy, Leeds, UK) between 2000 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. The Harris Hip Score, Oxford Hip Score, and Engh score were recorded. Survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and cumulative incidence function.ResultsSeventy-seven patients died with their revision stem in place, 47 could not be contacted, and 22 had stem re-revisions. This left a final cohort of 201 patients, aged 70 ± 12 years at revision surgery, with a body mass index of 26 ± 4. The Kaplan-Meier survival was 93.9% for re-revision of any component for any reason, 96.7% for re-revision of the stem for any reason, and 99.3% for re-revision of the stem for aseptic reasons. At last follow-up, the Harris Hip Score was 84.8 ± 13.1, the Oxford Hip Score was 21.0 ± 7.8, and the Engh score was 16.4 ± 6.7.ConclusionThe long tapered cementless revision stem had excellent clinical and radiographic outcomes at a minimum follow-up of 5 years. The revision stem enabled restoration of bone stock in femurs with pre-revision bone defects, confirming that the hydroxyapatite coating promotes osseointegration, even in femurs with extensive bone loss.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, retrospective cohort study.     

老年髋部骨折术后健侧骨折的危险因素分析

目的: 探讨老年髋部骨折术后健侧骨折的发生率及其相关危险因素为预防再次骨折提供依据。方法: 回顾分析2012年6月至2017年6月接受髋关节置换术或股骨近端髓内钉固定术治疗的65岁以上股骨颈骨折或转子间骨折452例患者的临床资料,男168例,女284例;年龄65~97(75.5±7.5)岁;股骨颈骨折191例,股骨转子间骨折261例;按照术后健侧髋部是否存在骨折,分为骨折组和无骨折组,记录两组患者性别、年龄、体质量指数、骨折类型、初次治疗方式、骨密度、医疗依从性、术后是否短期谵妄、伤前是否并存内科疾病及末次随访髋关节Harris评分。应用单因素Logostic回归分析筛选出术后健侧骨折的危险因素,再将有统计学意义的危险因素纳入多因素Logostic回归分析,筛选出老年髋部骨折术后健侧骨折的独立危险因素。结果: 452例患者中42例发生健侧髋部骨折,发生率为9.3%,两次骨折发生相隔时间平均(2.9±2.1)年。单因素Logistic回归分析结果示年龄、骨密度、医疗依从性、术后短期谵妄、伤前合并内科疾病及末次随访髋关节Harris评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic分析显示年龄(OR=4.227)、骨密度(OR=4.313)、合并内科疾病(OR=5.616),以及末次随访髋关节Harris评分分级低(OR=3.891),是老年髋部骨折术后健侧骨折的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论: 年龄、骨密度、合并内科疾病以及末次随访髋关节Harris评分分级低是老年髋部骨折术后健侧骨折的主要危险因素,术后3年内要加强内科疾病的治疗,抗骨质疏松,改善髋关节功能,以预防健侧髋部骨折的发生。     

微创股骨头置换术与股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗高龄粉碎性股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

目的：探讨微创股骨头置换术与股骨近端防旋髓内钉（proximal femoral nail antirotation,PFNA）内固定术治疗高龄粉碎性股骨转子间骨折患者的临床疗效。方法：2020年4月至2020年10月治疗高龄粉碎性股骨转子间骨折患者76例,分别采用微创股骨头置换术（假体组）与PFNA内固定术。假体组35例,女24例,男11例,年龄（86.2±6.1）岁;PFNA组41例,女28例,男13例,年龄（84.6±5.3）岁。观察比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后下地活动时间、住院时间及并发症发生情况,术后1、6、12个月行髋关节功能Harris评分。结果：患者均获得随访,时间13~17（14.3±1.4）个月。假体组手术时间长于PFNA组（P<0.05）;PFNA组出血量少于假体组（P<0.05）;术后下地活动时间假体组明显早于PFNA组（P<0.05）;术后1、6个月假体组的Harris评分高于PFNA组（P<0.05）,术后12个月两组Harris评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。假体组并发症少于PFNA组（P<0.05）。结论：高龄粉碎性股骨转子间骨折患者,采用微创股骨头置换术治疗是一种良好选择,有利于术后早期康复,减少并发症,提高生活质量,减轻家属及社会负担。