老年高血压患者介入诊断与治疗术后外周血管并发症56例分析

目的探讨老年高血压患者介入诊治术后外周血管并发症的原因及处理方法。方法对3 551例老年患者接受冠状动脉造影(CAG)或经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)的患者,观察和分析其术后外周血管并发症,以及其处理方法。结果术后外周血管并发症:穿刺部位出血或皮下血肿31例(0.84%),假性动脉瘤17例(0.47%),并发动-静脉瘘3例(0.08%),腹膜后血肿3例(0.08%),肺动脉栓塞2例(0.06%)。死亡3例(1例腹膜后血肿,2例急性肺动脉栓塞),其余病例经处理后,均治愈出院。结论老年高血压患者介入诊治术后并发症,只要进行严密观察和规范化处理,一般预后良好。     

1185例外周介入治疗少见并发症的发生及处理

目的:探讨外周介入治疗术后少见并发症的发生原因、处理方法及预防措施。方法:回顾分析1185例行外周介入治疗术患者的临床资料。其中行血管介入治疗712例,非血管介入治疗473例。分析术中、术后并发症的发生机率及原因,并对并发症进行及时有效地处理。结果:1158例外周介入治疗共发生少见并发症17例,总发生率为1.43%。1例需经外科手术治疗,1例死亡,其余15例并发症均得到及时处理。结论:外周介入治疗少见并发症的发生有多方面的因素。术前医患准备充分,术中操作细心、轻柔,绝大多数少见并发症是可以避免的。     

经桡动脉冠脉介入520例诊治体会

目的:探讨经桡动脉冠脉介入的安全性,防范严重并发症的发生。方法:回顾分析520例经桡动脉冠脉介入患者资料。结果:未完成冠脉造影1例,未完成冠脉介入1例。桡动脉痉挛126例,死亡1例,室颤3例。结论:经桡动脉途径行冠状动脉介入治疗不需卧床,患者损伤小,止血方便,严重血管并发症少。     

糖尿病外周血管病变介入治疗的现状及展望

我国糖尿病发病率逐年增高,糖尿病外周血管病变是严重并发症之一,日益威胁着众多患者的肢体健康.糖尿病外周血管病变的治疗方法主要包括药物治疗,外科手术和介入治疗等.近年来介入技术已经成为其首选的治疗方法.本文综述了目前糖尿病外周血管病变介入治疗的现状,并对其发展做一展望.     

血性性介入放射诊疗的并发症原因分析

探讨血管性介入术中严重并发症的原因分析，材料与方法：1993年3月－1998年12月对938例患者，进行1142次血管介入性诊断和治疗，结果：术中出现严重并发症12例，发生率以病例数计为1．28％（12例938例），以介入诊治次数计为1．05％（12例／1142次）。其中非离子型造影剂过敏1例，穿刺部位大血肿3例，血管性痉挛3例，动脉剥落1例，血气胸4例。结论：血管性介入诊疗术中可出现一些严重并发症，需引起术者注意，以免造成严重后果。     

经股动脉介入术后外周血管并发症的原因分析及护理策略

目的：探讨经股动脉冠脉介入术后外周血管并发症的发生的原因及护理策略。方法：对450例经股动脉行冠脉介入手术患者进行观察,分析外周血管并发症的原因,采取针对性的护理干预。结果：术后80例患者出现瘀青,45例患者出现血肿,其中假性动脉瘤25例,动静脉瘘1例,延迟出血10例,腹膜后血肿11例。小腿肌肉间静脉丛血栓3例。经针对性的护理均完全康复。结论：针对性的护理和观察对外周血管并发症的防治极为重要。     

原发性肝癌介入治疗后急性肾功能衰竭的预防及治疗

目的：探讨原发性肝癌介入治疗后急性肾功能衰竭的风险因素、预防及治疗措施。方法：回顾性分析4例原发性肝癌介入治疗后发生急性肾功能衰竭的临床表现及治疗情况。结果：4例患者均为巨块型肝癌,首次行介入治疗,术前肝功能ChildA级,肾功能正常,介入后72h内发生急性肾功能衰竭,2例经血液透析后恢复,1例经补液利尿治疗后恢复,1例合并糖尿病、高血压的年老患者死于心力衰竭。结论：介入后发生急性肾功能衰竭是少见而严重的并发症,对于高风险的患者应采取有效的防范措施。     

原位肝移植后血管并发症的血管腔内介入治疗

目的 分析总结血管腔内介入治疗在原位肝移植后血管并发症中的作用和意义. 资料与方法 回顾性分析31例原位肝移植术后血管并发症患者的血管腔内介入治疗资料与随访结果. 结果 31例患者中单纯肝动脉并发症11例,门静脉并发症11例,腔静脉并发症6例,合并肝动脉与门静脉并发症1例,合并腔静脉、肝静脉、门静脉复杂并发症1例,脾动脉窃血综合征1例.均成功进行了血管腔内介入治疗.共置入肝动脉支架13枚,静脉支架21枚,进行肝动脉栓塞1例,部分性脾动脉栓塞2例,单纯腔静脉球囊扩张1例,1例患者肝动脉局部灌注溶栓后置入肝动脉支架,1例患者先后置入腔静脉、肝静脉与门静脉支架各1枚,1例患者同时置入门静脉和肠系膜上静脉支架.所有血管腔内介入操作成功有效,技术成功率100%,手术相关并发症发生率12.9%,并且并发症经处理无后继影响.随访中除1例肝动脉于支架置入后19天发生再狭窄外,其余血管至随访结束未出现明确再狭窄. 结论 肝移植术后血管并发症的血管腔内介入治疗安全有效,技术成功率高而并发症发生率低,是一种理想的微创治疗选择.     

肝移植术后胆道并发症的介入诊疗

目的 探讨介入手段在诊断和治疗肝移植术后胆道并发症的应用,分析移植术后T管留置的价值.方法 回顾性分析55例肝移植术后胆道并发症患者的介入诊治资料,分析有无T管所需采取的介入治疗方式.结果 保留T管的28例患者经造影证实胆道并发症存在后需进行介入治疗的17例,仅需通过原T管引流治疗的11例,而仅需进行球囊扩张后仍以T管引流的3例,需行经皮经肝胆道引流(PTBD)治疗(和辅以球囊扩张)的14例;无T管的27例患者全部进行经皮经肝胆管造影(PTC)诊断发现梗阻病变并予以介入治疗.共发现8例同时存在血管并发症并予以相应处理.所有患者在介入治疗后黄疸均明显消退,技术成功率100%,短期(1个月)缓解率100%.结论 对于肝移植术后胆道并发症患者,介入治疗安全、可靠,可重复性好,具有不可替代的作用;术后留置T管可为部分患者提供针对胆道梗阻进行造影诊断与引流治疗的途径,但大部分患者仍需介入手段干预,才能达到满意的治疗效果.     

外周血管介入并发症的原因分析及处理体会

近年来,随着介入医学的不断发展,介入治疗逐渐应用于临床疾病的治疗,并取得了不错的疗效,但是作为一种有创的检查和治疗,介入治疗过程中可能会出现一些并发症,如果不能及时处理或者处理不当,很可能会影响治疗效果,甚至危及生命[1]。现就2007年7月至2012年6月在我院接受外周血管介入治疗出现并发症的6例患者进行回顾性分析,现总结报告如下。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.