九节菖蒲总皂苷、齐墩果酸及腺苷的含量测定

目的:建立九节菖蒲药材中总皂苷、齐墩果酸及腺苷的含量测定方法。方法:以齐墩果酸为对照品,采用紫外分光光度法于208nm波长处对九节菖蒲中的总皂苷含量进行测定;采用HPLC法对九节菖蒲中齐墩果酸的含量进行测定,迪马公司Diamonsil(钻石)C18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),柱温为室温(25℃),流动相为乙腈:水(92:8),流速为1mL.min-1,检测波长为208nm。采用HPLC法对九节菖蒲中腺苷的含量进行测定,迪马公司Diamonsil(钻石)C18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),柱温为室温(25℃),流动相为乙腈:水(8:92),流速为1mL.min-1,检测波长为260nm。结果:总皂苷在0.016~0.08mg.mL-1范围内线性关系良好(R2=0.9993),平均回收率为100.94%,其RSD为1.5%;腺苷在0.00425~0.02125mg.mL-1范围内线性关系良好(R2=0.9999),平均回收率为97.65%,其RSD为1.35%;齐墩果酸在0.0045~0.045mg.mL-1范围内线性关系良好(R2=0.9999),平均回收率为98.67%,RSD为1.23%。结论:本研究建立的含量测定方法,简便、准确、灵敏,重复性好,适用于九节菖蒲中总皂苷、腺苷及齐墩果酸的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定不同产地山药饮片中尿囊素和腺苷的含量

目的:建立山药饮片中尿囊素、腺苷含量测定的方法,测定不同产地山药饮片中尿囊素、腺苷的含量。方法:尿囊素Pin nacle Amina C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),甲醇-水(80:20)为流动相,流速1mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长224 nm;腺苷Phe nomenex Luna C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 6.5)-甲醇(85:15)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温25℃,检测波长260 nm。结果:尿囊素在0.368-3.68μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 4,平均回收率为99.93%,RSD=0.87%(n=6);腺苷在0.01616-0.1616μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 1,平均回收率为99.86%,RSD=1.12%(n=6)。结论:该方法可为山药饮片的质量控制提供依据,不同产地山药中尿囊素、腺苷含量差异较大。     

复方土牛膝口腔喷雾剂的研制

目的通过口腔喷雾剂使有效成分直接达到治疗部位,提高疗效,同时增加患者的顺应性。方法用正交试验法,优选复方土牛膝口腔喷雾剂有效成分的提取工艺条件,比较醇沉法和吸附沉淀法对腺苷含量的影响,通过增加溶解度、矫味及防腐设计口腔喷雾剂处方及工艺,采用高效液相色谱法测定腺苷含量。结果有效成分的最优提取工艺条件为:加8倍水量煎煮3次,每次1.5 h,加入3%(ρ)吐温-80增加溶解度,0.06%(ρ)阿斯巴甜和0.1%(ρ)薄荷脑调整口感,复方土牛膝喷雾剂中腺苷的含量为153.2μg/mL。结论复方土牛膝口腔喷雾剂中有效成分的提取工艺合理,质量可控。     

高效液相色谱法测定桂枝茯苓颗粒中丹皮酚的含量测定

目的 建立反相高效液相色谱法测定桂枝茯苓颗粒中丹皮酚含量测定.方法 采用超场提取法制备供试品溶液,以C18柱作为色谱柱,乙腈-水-冰醋酸(35:65:2)为流动相;检测波长:274nm.样品平均加样回收率为98.79%(n=6).RSD值为1.20%,重复性试验RSD值丹皮酚为1.21%(n=6).结论 方法简便,准确,重复性好,可作排毒清脂片的含量测定方法.     

高效液相色谱法测定固肾益肺饮中腺苷的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定固肾益肺饮中腺苷的含量。方法高效液相色谱法测定腺苷含量,DiamonsilC18(5μm,250mm×4.6mm)色谱柱,以磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 6.5)-甲醇(15:85)为流动相,流速1.0ml/min,检波长260nm。结果腺苷线性范围为5.01-160.32μg,平均加样回收率97.91%,RSD为1.18%。结论本方法得到较好的分离度和重现性,可用于固肾益肺饮中腺苷的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定安神片中腺苷含量

目的:建立测定安神片有效成分含量的方法.方法:采用HPLC对安神片中腺苷的含量进行测定.结果:腺苷在0.0207～0.1553μg之间具有良好的线性关系,平均回收率为98.4%,RSD=0.16%(n=5).结论:该方法灵敏、重现性好,适用于安神片中腺苷的含量测定.     

复方广东土牛膝含片制备工艺及质量控制研究

目的:建立复方广东土牛膝含片的制备工艺及其质量控制方法.方法:以口感为考察指标,对辅料进行筛选.采用薄层色谱法对复方广东土牛膝含片中的广东土牛膝、水杨梅、岗梅和野菊花进行定性鉴别.结果:乙醇沉淀法提取有效成分,按淀粉-糊精-蔗糖(1:1:2)配比,过14日筛,80℃条件下干燥制成颗粒,压片.复方广东土牛膝含片中的广东土牛膝、岗梅、水杨梅、野菊花和对照药材薄层色谱主斑点位置一致,且定性鉴别斑点圆整、分离度好、易于区别.结论:该制备工艺稳定可行.所建立的方法简便、灵敏、准确、专属性强,可作为复方广东土牛膝含片的质量控制.     

HPLC法测定1,4-丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸肠溶片含量

目的 建立测定1,4-丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸肠溶片中含量的高效液相色谱法.方法 以C18（4.6mm×250mm,5μm）色谱柱,以缓冲溶液（取甲酸铵5.8g和辛烷磺酸钠1.0g,加水1 000ml溶解,用甲酸调Ph值至2.6）-甲醇（75：25）为流动相,检测波长260rim;流速为1ml·min^-1,柱温30℃.结果 1,4-丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸在322.51～1209.4μm/ml^-1浓度范围内与其相应的峰面积呈良好的线性关系.回归方程为：Y=1856.3X＋119.06（r：1.0000.n：12）.精密度试验RSD为0.57%（n=6）,平均回收率分别为100.2%,RSD为0.51%（n=9）.结论 所建立的HPLC方法灵敏、准确、重现性好,操作简便,可有效测定1,4-丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸肠溶片的含量.     

高效液相色谱法测定蛹虫草子实体中腺苷的含量

目的建立测定蛹虫草子实体中腺苷含量的方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相:水-甲醇(体积比85∶15),流速:1.2 mL/m in;检测波长:260 nm。结果腺苷平均加样回收率为100.23%,RSD=1.43%。结论该方法简便、准确,适用于该产品质量检验分析。     

高效液相色谱法测定妇科止带胶囊中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的:探讨妇科止带胶囊中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定方法.方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸小檗碱的含量.色谱柱Diamonsil C18柱,流动相为甲醇-0.7%三乙胺溶液(磷酸调节pH值至3)50∶ 50,流速1 ml/min,检测波长265 nm.结果:该方法线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为100.5%(n=9),RSD=1.8%.结论:本方法简便、测定结果准确、重现性好,可控制妇科止带胶囊的质量.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.