单中心伽玛刀和射频热凝术治疗难治性三叉神经痛的疗效比较

目的比较单中心伽玛刀和射频热凝术治疗难治性三叉神经痛的疗效,总结经验。方法回顾性分析412例难治性三叉神经痛病人的临床资料,其中采用伽玛刀治疗285例(伽玛刀组),采用射频热凝术治疗127例(射频热凝组),比较两组病例的有效性和安全性。结果术后3个月,射频热凝组的治愈率、良好率和有效率均高于伽玛刀组(P 0.05)。在超过3个月的随访中,射频热凝组的良好率均高于伽玛刀组(P 0.05),但并发症发生率较高(P 0.001)。生存分析提示在长期随访阶段,射频热凝组的良好率高于伽玛刀组(P=0.001)。回归分析显示:伽玛刀组病人术后面部麻木(OR=4.43,P=0.01,95%CI:1.45～13.53)、病程≤3年(OR=2.18,P=0.04,95%CI:1.03～4.60)以及既往无手术治疗史(OR=0.55,P=0.03,95%CI:0.31～0.95)是疗效良好的正性预测因子。结论伽玛刀治疗难治性三叉神经痛安全无创,并发症少,而射频热凝术的疗效更佳,但并发症多,应根据病情选择合适的手术方式。     

半月节射频热凝术与耳颞神经射频热凝术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床比较

目的比较三叉神经半月节射频热凝术与耳颞神经射频热凝术治疗原发性三叉神经耳颞区疼痛的疗效。方法回顾性分析76例原发性三叉神经耳颞区疼痛病人的临床资料。在X-线引导下,36例病人行三叉神经半月节射频热凝术(半月节组),40例病人行耳颞神经射频热凝术(耳颞神经组),比较两组病人手术前后VAS评分及并发症。结果与术前相比,两组术后VAS评分均明显下降(P0.05),且两组间VAS评分和复发率无明显差异(P0.05)。耳颞神经射频热凝术后感觉和运动障碍并发症较少(P0.05)。结论三叉神经半月节射频热凝术与耳颞神经射频热凝术对原发性三叉神经耳颞区疼痛均有良好疗效,且疗效相当,而耳颞神经射频热凝术的并发症较少。     

DSA机引导下经皮穿刺卵圆孔行射频温控热凝术治疗三叉神经痛

目的 探讨数字血管减影机（DSA机）引导下半月神经节射频温控热凝术治疗三叉神经痛的疗效和安全性。方法 66例患者DSA机引导下准确定位后，在异丙酚全身麻醉下行射频温控热凝治疗，目标温度设定85℃，持续时间均为120s。结果 66例患者穿刺成功率100%，术后疼痛即刻消失率100%，随访5个月～3年3例复发；并发角膜炎2例，头痛5例，并发症发生率0.11%。结论 DSA机引导下半月神经节射频温控热凝术治疗三叉神经痛安全、准确、客观、有效，易于普及。     

微血管减压术与射频热凝术治疗原发性三叉神经痛效果的比较

目的比较微血管减压术与射频热凝术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析60例原发性三叉神经痛病人的治疗情况,其中微血管减压术治疗组28例,经皮半月神经节射频热凝术治疗组32例,观察比较这两种方法的疗效、并发症及复发情况。结果微血管减压术的治愈率优于射频热凝组;两组的疼痛缓解率无明显差异;两组的并发症发生率及复发率均无明显差异。结论对于原发性三叉神经痛患者,应首选微血管减压术,而射频热凝术尤其适用于老年患者或有开颅手术禁忌症者。     

三叉神经半月节与上颌神经射频热凝术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床对比

目的比较三叉神经半月节与上颌神经射频热凝术治疗原发性三叉神经上颌区痛的疗效。方法将42例原发性三叉神经上颌区痛病人随机分为三叉神经半月节组和上颌神经组。三叉神经半月节组(n=21)行X-线定位下经卵圆孔三叉神经半月节射频热凝术,上颌神经组(n=21)行经翼腭窝上颌神经射频热凝术。分别对两组病人治疗前、术中镇痛后、术后第1天、术后第2天、术后3个月、术后6个月、术后1年的疼痛VAS评分及并发症进行比较。结果两组术中镇痛后有效率100%,三叉神经半月节组疗效在术后3个月、6个月、1年明显优于上颌神经组(P0.05),但术后咀嚼肌无力发生率较高(P0.05)。结论三叉神经半月节与上颌神经射频热凝术对原发性三叉神经上颌区痛均有良好的疗效,三叉神经半月节射频热凝术疗效更好,但并发症较多。     

伽玛刀与射频温控热凝治疗三叉神经痛的疗效比较

目的研究伽玛刀与射频温控热凝技术治疗三叉神经痛的疗效差异。方法回顾性分析131例三叉神经痛病人的治疗效果,其中伽玛刀治疗47例(伽玛刀组),射频温控热凝治疗84例(射频组)。采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS评分)对术前、术后病人的三叉神经疼痛程度进行评分。术前伽玛刀组和射频组平均VAS评分分别为7.89和7.95,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结果射频组术后即刻VAS评分0～1分,平均0.61分。伽玛刀组起效时间1周～14个月,平均6个月;VAS评分0～3分,平均1.0分。两组术后VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。伽玛刀组术后并发面部麻木6例;射频组并发面部麻木19例,咬肌瘫痪8例,复视1例和后组脑神经损伤1例;两组并发症发生率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后随访2个月～3年,射频组3例和伽玛刀组1例有不同程度的疼痛复发。结论伽玛刀和射频热凝治疗三叉神经痛均能取得肯定疗效,但伽玛刀治疗并发症较少且轻,相对更安全;其缺点是起效较慢。     

三叉神经半月节射频热凝治疗后复发原因分析及对策

目的分析原发性三叉神经痛立体定向射频热凝治疗后复发的原因及对策。方法回顾性分析2008年9月-2012年12月在我科接受立体定向射频热凝治疗的原发性三叉神经痛病人213例,其中复发病例15例,11经改变射频条件再次对其行射频毁损,4例行微血管减压术,分析手术复发的原因及对策。结果11例患者再次射频毁损治疗,9例患者术后面部疼痛消失;2例术后一周内逐步缓解。另外4例行微血管减压治疗,术后面部疼痛均缓解,其中1例患者术后出现面部麻木感,经积极治疗后逐步缓解。结论卵圆孔偏大、毁损温度低是导致射频热凝术术后复发的主要原因,责任血管持续压迫次之,术前严格把握适应证、选择适当的射频条件可以减少手术复发率。     

经皮半月神经节射频热凝毁损术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的观察

目的观察经皮半月神经节射频热凝毁损术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床疗效。方法总结192例原发性三叉神经痛的射频热凝术治疗效果,并与其他方法相对比。结果术后优良率94.8%,无效率0.5%,眼科并发症出现1例。结论经皮半月神经节射频热凝毁损术治疗原发性三叉神经痛具有安全性高、疗效确切、并发症相对较少等特点,具有推广价值。     

神经导航引导经皮穿刺三叉神经半月节射频热凝治疗三叉神经痛的研究

目的 探讨神经导航引导下经皮穿刺三叉神经半月节射频热凝术在治疗三叉神经痛中的应用.方法 选取我科神经导航引导下经皮穿刺三叉神经半月节射频热凝治疗的156例患者资料.所有患者术前均经头部3D-CT薄层连续平扫,并将影像资料导入SteahhStation Tria Plus手术导航系统,图像经三维重建后,确认患侧卵圆孔作为靶点,在导航实时引导下进行卵圆孔穿刺,并行电生理测试,再次确认靶点的位置无误后,进行射频热凝治疗.结果 所有患者顺利穿刺成功,射频热凝术后,患者原有的面部疼痛均明显缓解或消失,术前患者VAS评分为9.67±0.47,术后VAS评分为0.22±0.57,差异有明显的统计学意义,且所有患者术后均无严重并发症.结论 神经导航引导下经皮穿刺三叉神经半月节射频热凝术是一种微创,安全和疗效显著的三叉神经痛外科治疗手段.     

射频热凝术和药物治疗原发性三叉神经痛的对比分析

目的对比分析射频热凝术和药物治疗原发性三叉神经痛的疗效。方法选取我院收治的80例三叉神经痛患者,随机分成对照组40例,观察组40例。观察组局部麻醉后采用C型臂定位射频针穿刺卵圆孔,采用射频热凝治疗。对照组采用药物或封闭疗法,观察2组治疗疗效。结果观察组总有效率92.5%,对照组为72.5%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.O5)。结论射频热凝术治疗三叉神经痛,疗效显著,值得推广。     

A prospective study of Gasserian ganglion pulsed radiofrequency combined with continuous radiofrequency for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia

We conducted a prospective randomized controlled study to evaluate whether continuous radiofrequency (CRF) combined with pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) to the Gasserian ganglion (GG) decreases the side effects of CRF while preserving efficacy. Sixty patients diagnosed with classic trigeminal neuralgia (TN) were treated with either 75°C CRF for 120 s to 180 s (SCRF group), 75°C CRF for 240 s to 300 s (LCRF group), or 42°C PRF for 10 minutes (min) followed by 75°C CRF for 120 s to 180 s (PCRF group). Patients were assessed for pain intensity, quality of life (QOL), and intensity of facial dysesthesia before (baseline), and at seven days, three months, six months, and 12 months after the procedure. The efficacy in pain relief was most significant on the seventh day after treatment and there were no significant differences between groups. After 12 months, >70% of patients in each group had complete pain relief, and the QOL in all three groups had increased significantly compared to baseline. The intensity of facial dysesthesia was mildest in the SCRF group and most severe in the PCRF group on the seventh day after the procedure, but most persistent in the LCRF group. Patients who receive PRF combined with CRF to the GG can achieve comparable pain relief to those who receive CRF alone, and shorter exposure of CRF could result in less destruction of the target tissue.     

The histopathological and electron-microscopic examination of the stereotactic pulsed radiofrequency and conventional radiofrequency thermocoagulation lesions in rat brain

Abstract

Objective: Neurodestructive procedures have been used for treating intractable pain for a long time. Pulsed radiofrequency (RF) is a newly defined energy type. Pulsed RF may be used in the treatment of patients with some pain syndromes in whom the pain could not be controlled by the alternative techniques. The objective of the present study was to examine the histological and electron microscopical changes in rat brain after pulsed RF application.

Methods: Forty-five male rats were used in these experiments. Lesions were applied stereotactically to the target areas of the rat brains. Two different RF energy type were used as representative models of pulsed-RF and conventional-RF procedures. The rats were kept alive for 21 days and then killed. The effect of pulsed RF lesions on cerebral tissue ultrastructure was studied.

Results: In the pulsed RF group, intracytoplasmic edema, clarity of the mitochondrial cristas and opening in the cell membrane pores were observed on the electron microscopic examination. In the conventional RF group, these findings were more prominent. In the pulsed RF group, the ratio of the effected neurons was 5.5% on light microscopic examination. In the conventional RF group, the ratio of the effected neurons was 14.26% and central necrosis was observed additionally.

Discussion: Pulsed RF caused ultrastructural changes in the neurons. The pulsed RF may possibly cause a depression on the cell membrane potential by opening the cell membrane pores and resulting in the ion entrance into the cell cytoplasm and intracytoplasmic edema. However, it seems that all these changes were reversible.     

立体定向射频毁损治疗表现为痴笑性癫癎的下丘脑错构瘤

目的总结采用立体定向热凝毁损手术方法治疗引起痴笑性癫癎的下丘脑微小错构瘤的经验。方法报告1例病人,男性,22岁,表现为痴笑性癫癎21年,继发复杂部分性发作7年,发作3～4次/d,药物治疗无效。MRI诊断为第三脑室内错构瘤,大小6mm×6mm×7mm。局麻下采用有框架立体定向技术,在病变内插入深部电极,记录并刺激后行射频毁损,制作4个靶点。结果深部电极在病灶内记录到棘波和慢波,刺激未诱发出痴笑性癫癎。术中行可逆毁损（45℃）和毁损（70℃）时,病人出现一过性中枢性高热、高血压和心动过速。术后随访6个月,痴笑性癫癎和复杂部分性发作完全消失,无手术并发症发生。结论下丘脑受到直接热刺激时可产生中枢性高热。对于较小的下丘脑错构瘤,立体定向热凝毁损术是一种安全有效的手术方法。     

The treatment of first division idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia with radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the peripheral branches compared to conventional radiofrequency

The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate and compare the effects of radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the first division branches of the trigeminal nerve (trigeminal peripheral division radiofrequency thermocoagulation, PRT) versus conventional radiofrequency (CRF) in the treatment of first division idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN). Fifty patients with first division ITN were randomly divided into two groups. The 20 patients in group 1 were treated with CRF, while the remaining 30 patients in group 2 were treated using PRT. The immediate therapeutic effects, side effects and recurrence rate of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia were evaluated. The immediate efficacy rates were 95% and 93% in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The recurrence rates of ITN at the 3-year follow-up were 25% and 27% for group 1 and group 2, respectively, and 35% and 40%, respectively, 5 years after treatment. There were no significant differences between groups 1 and 2 at any time. Our study demonstrates that PRT is an effective way to treat first division ITN.     

Lumbosacral radiculopathy following radiofrequency ablation therapy

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a treatment modality for several types of malignancies and vascular malformations. Only limited information is available on neurologic complications following RFA. We report three cases of acute lumbosacral radiculopathy after abdominal RFA, in two of which electrophysiologic studies were performed. All three patients had significant spontaneous clinical improvement. We suggest the underlying cause was partial axonopathy due to thermal injury, but with a good prognosis.