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Stine Yde Nielsen K?re M?lbak Tine Brink Henriksen Karen Angeliki Krogfelt Carsten Schade Larsen Steen Villumsen 《Emerging infectious diseases》2014,20(6):925-931
A high risk for obstetric complications has been reported among women infected with Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever, but recent studies have failed to confirm these findings. We reviewed national data collected in Denmark during 2007–2011 and found 19 pregnancies in 12 women during which the mother had a positive or equivocal test for antibodies to C. burnetii (IgM phase I and II titers >64, IgG phase I and II titers >128). Of these 12 women, 4 experienced obstetric complications (miscarriage, preterm delivery, infant small for gestational age, oligohydramnion, fetal growth restriction, or perinatal death); these complications occurred in 9 pregnancies (47% of the 19 total pregnancies identified). Our findings suggest an association between Q fever and adverse pregnancy outcomes, but complications were identified in only 9 pregnancies during the study’s 5-year period, indicating that the overall risk is low. 相似文献
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Aharona Glatman-Freedman Michal Bromberg Yael Hershkovitz Hanna Sefty Zalman Kaufman Rita Dichtiar Lital Keinan-Boker 《Emerging infectious diseases》2022,28(5):948
We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech, https://www.pfizer.com) booster dose against SARS-CoV-2 infection and reduction of complications (hospitalization, severe disease, and death) among breakthrough cases in persons in Israel >16 years of age for <20 weeks. VE estimates reached 96.8% (95% CI 96.0%–97.5%) for persons 16–59 years of age and 93.1% (95% CI 91.8%–94.2%) for persons >60 years of age on week 3. VE estimates remained at these levels for 8 weeks in the 16–59 age group and 11 weeks in those >60. A slow decline followed, becoming more pronounced in the last 2–3 weeks of evaluation. Estimates in the last week of evaluation were 77.6% (95% CI 68.4%–84.2%) and 61.3% (52.5%–68.4%) for persons 16–59 years and >60 years, respectively. The more pronounced VE decline coincided with rapid increase in Omicron variant activity. Rate reduction of breakthrough complications remained moderate to high throughout the evaluation. 相似文献
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Helen Tanner Helen L. Barrett Leonie K. Callaway Shelley A. Wilkinson Marloes Dekker Nitert 《Nutrients》2021,13(10)
Studies of obstetric outcomes in women consuming low-carbohydrate diets have reported conflicting results. Most studies have defined low-carbohydrate diets by the percentage that carbohydrates contribute to overall energy intake, rather than by an absolute amount in grams per day (g/d). We hypothesised that a low absolute carbohydrate diet affects obstetric outcomes differently than a low percentage carbohydrate diet. Dietary data were collected from overweight or obese women in the Study of Probiotic IN Gestational diabetes at 16- and 28-weeks’ gestation. Obstetric outcomes were compared between women whose carbohydrate intake was in the lowest quintile vs quintiles 2–5. Mean gestation was increased in women whose absolute carbohydrate intake was in the lowest quintile at 16 and at both 16- and 28-weeks’ gestation compared with all other women (16: 39.7 vs. 39.1 weeks, p = 0.008; 16 and 28: 39.8 vs. 39.1, p = 0.005). In linear regression analysis, a low absolute carbohydrate intake at 16 and at 28 weeks’ gestation was associated with increased gestation at delivery (16: p = 0.04, adjusted R2 = 0.15, 28: p = 0.04, adjusted R2 = 0.17). The coefficient of beta at 16 weeks’ gestation was 0.50 (95% CI 0.03–0.98) and at 28 weeks’ gestation was 0.51 (95%CI 0.03–0.99) meaning that consumption of a low absolute carbohydrate diet accounted for an extra 3.5 days in gestational age. This finding was not seen in women whose percentage carbohydrate intake was in the lowest quintile. Low-carbohydrate consumption in pregnancy is associated with increased gestational age at delivery. 相似文献
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《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(8):2081
We evaluated the performance of self-collected anterior nasal swab (ANS) and saliva samples compared with healthcare worker–collected nasopharyngeal swab specimens used to test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We used the same PCR diagnostic panel to test all self-collected and healthcare worker–collected samples from participants at a public hospital in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Among 1,076 participants, 51.9% were men, 57.1% were >50 years of age, 81.2% were Black (non-Hispanic), and 74.9% reported >1 chronic medical condition. In total, 8.0% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Compared with nasopharyngeal swab samples, ANS samples had a sensitivity of 59% and saliva samples a sensitivity of 68%. Among participants tested 3–7 days after symptom onset, ANS samples had a sensitivity of 80% and saliva samples a sensitivity of 85%. Sensitivity varied by specimen type and patient characteristics. These findings can help physicians interpret PCR results for SARS-CoV-2. 相似文献
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Freya Hogarth Pasqualina Coffey Laura Goddard Sarah Lewis Shereen Labib Mathilda Wilmot Patiyan Andersson Norelle Sherry Torsten Seemann Benjamin P. Howden Kevin Freeman Robert Baird Ian Hosegood Kathleen McDermott Nick Walsh Ben Polkinghorne Catherine Marshall Jane Davies Vicki Krause Ella M. Meumann 《Emerging infectious diseases》2022,28(7):1527
Epidemiologic and genomic investigation of SARS-CoV-2 infections associated with 2 repatriation flights from India to Australia in April 2021 indicated that 4 passengers transmitted SARS-CoV-2 to >11 other passengers. Results suggest transmission despite mandatory mask use and predeparture testing. For subsequent flights, predeparture quarantine and expanded predeparture testing were implemented. 相似文献
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《Emerging infectious diseases》2022,28(1):35
During July 2021, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) B.1.617.2 variant infections, including vaccine breakthrough infections, occurred after large public gatherings in Provincetown, Massachusetts, USA, prompting a multistate investigation. Public health departments identified primary and secondary cases by using coronavirus disease surveillance data, case investigations, and contact tracing. A primary case was defined as SARS-CoV-2 detected <14 days after travel to or residence in Provincetown during July 3–17. A secondary case was defined as SARS-CoV-2 detected <14 days after close contact with a person who had a primary case but without travel to or residence in Provincetown during July 3–August 10. We identified 1,098 primary cases and 30 secondary cases associated with 26 primary cases among fully and non–fully vaccinated persons. Large gatherings can have widespread effects on SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and fully vaccinated persons should take precautions, such as masking, to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission, particularly during substantial or high transmission. 相似文献
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Anna R. Giuliano Shari Pilon-Thomas Michael J. Schell Martha Abrahamsen Jessica Y. Islam Kimberly Isaacs-Soriano Kayoko Kennedy Christopher W. Dukes Junmin Whiting Julie Rathwell Jonathan A. Hensel Leslie N. Mangual Ernst Schonbrunn Melissa Bikowitz Dylan Grassie Yan Yang 《Emerging infectious diseases》2022,28(3):556
Estimating the actual extent of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is challenging because virus test positivity data undercount the actual number and proportion of persons infected. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence is a marker of past SARS-CoV-2 infection regardless of presence or severity of symptoms and therefore is a robust biomarker of infection period prevalence. We estimated SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among residents of Hillsborough County, Florida, USA, to determine factors independently associated with SARS-CoV-2 antibody status overall and among asymptomatic antibody-positive persons. Among 867 participants, SARS-CoV-2 period prevalence (October 2020–March 2021) was 19.5% (asymptomatic seroprevalence was 8%). Seroprevalence was 2-fold higher than reported SARS-CoV-2 virus test positivity. Factors related to social distancing (e.g., essential worker status, not practicing social distancing, contact with a virus-positive person, and length of contact exposure time) were consistently associated with seroprevalence but did not differ by time since suspected or known infection (<6 months vs. >6 months). 相似文献
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Yolanda M. Brooks Bailey Gryskwicz Shawn Sheehan Sheri Piers Parag Mahale Susan McNeil Jenna Chase Doreen Webber David Borys Michael Hilton Dion Robinson Stephen Sears Emer Smith Emily K. Lesher Robert Wilson Matthew Goodwin Michael Pardales 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(12):3111
We used wastewater surveillance to identify 2 coronavirus disease outbreaks at a college in Maine, USA. Cumulative increases of >1 log10 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA in consecutive 24-hour composite samples preceded the outbreaks. For 76% of cases, RNA was identified in grab samples from residence halls <7 days before case discovery. 相似文献
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Good maternal nutrition is key to optimal maternal and foetal health. A poor-quality diet is often associated with obesity, and the prevalence and severity of maternal obesity has increased significantly in recent years. This study observed dietary intakes in pregnant women living with obesity and assessed the quality of their diet. In total, 140 women with a singleton pregnancy, aged > 18 years and BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2, were recruited from antenatal clinics, weighed and completed food diaries at 16-, 28- and 36-weeks’ gestation. Clinical data were recorded directly from the women’s medical records. Nutrient intake was determined using ‘MicrodietTM’, then compared to Dietary Reference Values (DRVs). Energy intakes were comparable with DRVs, but intakes of sugar and saturated fatty acids were significantly higher. Intake of fibre and several key micronutrients (Iron, Iodine, Folate and Vitamin D) were significantly low. Several adverse obstetric outcomes were higher than the general obstetric population. Women with obesity, often considered ‘over nourished’, may have diets deficient in essential micronutrients, often associated with poor obstetric outcomes. To address the intergenerational transmission of poor health via poor diets warrants a multi-disciplinary approach focusing away from ‘dieting’ onto positive messages, emphasising key nutrients required for good maternal and foetal health. 相似文献
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Thomas Scheier Adrian Schibli Geri Eich Christian Rüegg Frank Kube Adrian Schmid Urs Karrer Aline Wolfensberger Hugo Sax Peter W. Schreiber 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(2):404
Switzerland began a national lockdown on March 16, 2020, in response to the rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We assessed the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients admitted to 4 hospitals in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland, in April 2020. These 4 acute care hospitals screened 2,807 patients, including 2,278 (81.2%) who did not have symptoms of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Overall, 529 (18.8%) persons had >1 symptom of COVID-19, of whom 60 (11.3%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Eight asymptomatic persons (0.4%) also tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Our findings indicate that screening on the basis of COVID-19 symptoms, regardless of clinical suspicion, can identify most SARS-CoV-2–positive persons in a low-prevalence setting. 相似文献
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Christina J. Valentine Aiman Q. Khan Alexandra R. Brown Scott A. Sands Emily A. Defranco Byron J. Gajewski Susan E. Carlson Kristina M. Reber Lynette K. Rogers 《Nutrients》2021,13(12)
Pregnancy and parturition involve extensive changes in the maternal immune system. In our randomized, multi-site, double-blind superiority trial using a Bayesian adaptive design, we demonstrated that 1000 mg/day of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was superior to 200 mg/day in preventing both early preterm birth (less than 34 weeks’ gestation) and preterm birth (less than 37 weeks’ gestation). The goal of this secondary study is to compare the effects of 1000 mg/day versus 200 mg/day on maternal inflammation, a possible mechanism by which DHA may prevent preterm birth. Maternal blood samples were collected at enrollment (12–20 weeks’ gestation) and at delivery. Red blood cell DHA levels were measured by gas chromatography, and plasma concentrations of sRAGE, IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα, and INFγ were measured by ELISA. Data were analyzed for associations with the DHA dose, gestational age at birth, and preterm birth (<37 weeks). Higher baseline and lower delivery levels of maternal sRAGE were associated with a greater probability of longer gestation and delivery at term gestation. Higher-dose DHA supplementation increased the probability of a smaller decrease in delivery sRAGE levels. Higher IL-6 concentrations at delivery were associated with the probability of delivering after 37 weeks, and higher-dose DHA supplementation increased the probability of greater increases in IL-6 concentrations between enrollment and delivery. These data provide a proposed mechanistic explanation of how a higher dose of DHA during pregnancy provides immunomodulatory regulation in the initiation of parturition by influencing sRAGE and IL-6 levels, which may explain its ability to reduce the risk of preterm birth. 相似文献
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Wendelin Moser Mohammed Ahmed Hassan Fahal Elamin Abualas Shahinaz Bedri Mahgoub Taj Elsir Mona Fateh El Rahman Omer Mohamed Abdelhalim Babiker Mahmoud Amna Ismail Ibrahim Ahmad Mohammed A. Adam Sami Altalib Ola Adil DafaAllah Salahaldin Abdallah Hmed Andrew S. Azman Iza Ciglenecki Etienne Gignoux Alan Gonzlez Christine Mwongera Manuel Albela Miranda 《Emerging infectious diseases》2022,28(5):1026
In a cross-sectional survey in Omdurman, Sudan, during March–April 2021, we estimated that 54.6% of the population had detectable severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies. Overall population death rates among those >50 years of age increased 74% over the first coronavirus disease pandemic year. 相似文献
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Susana Monge Carmen Olmedo Beln Alejos María F Lapea María Jos Sierra Aurora Limia COVID- Registries Study Group 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(10):2595
We conducted a registries-based cohort study of long-term care facility residents >65 years of age offered vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 before March 10, 2021, in Spain. Risk for infection in vaccinated and nonvaccinated persons was compared with risk in the same persons in a period before the vaccination campaign, adjusted by daily-varying incidence and reproduction number. We selected 299,209 persons; 99.0% had >1 dose, 92.6% had 2 doses, and 99.8% of vaccines were Pfizer/BioNTech (BNT162b2). For vaccinated persons with no previous infection, vaccine effectiveness was 81.8% (95% CI 81.0%–82.7%), and 11.6 (95% CI 11.3–11.9) cases were prevented per 10,000 vaccinated/day. In those with previous infection, effectiveness was 56.8% (95% CI 47.1%–67.7%). In nonvaccinated residents with no previous infection, risk decreased by up to 81.4% (95% CI 73.3%–90.3%). Our results confirm vaccine effectiveness in this population and suggest indirect protection in nonvaccinated persons. 相似文献
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Sarah Reagan-Steiner Julu Bhatnagar Roosecelis B. Martines Nicholas S. Milligan Carly Gisondo Frank B. Williams Elizabeth Lee Lindsey Estetter Hannah Bullock Cynthia S. Goldsmith Pamela Fair Julie Hand Gillian Richardson Kate R. Woodworth Titilope Oduyebo Romeo R. Galang Rebecca Phillips Elizaveta Belyaeva Xiao-Ming Yin Dana Meaney-Delman Timothy M. Uyeki Drucilla J. Roberts Sherif R. Zaki 《Emerging infectious diseases》2022,28(3):510
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Katherine Laiton-Donato Christian Julin Villabona-Arenas Jos A. Usme-Ciro Carlos Franco-Muoz Diego A. lvarez-Díaz Liz Stephany Villabona-Arenas Susy Echeverría-Londoo Zulma M. Cucunub Nicols D. Franco-Sierra Astrid C. Flrez Carolina Ferro Nadim J. Ajami Diana Marcela Walteros Franklin Prieto Carlos Andrs Durn Martha Lucia Ospina-Martínez Marcela Mercado-Reyes 《Emerging infectious diseases》2020,26(12):2854
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Colombia was first diagnosed in a traveler arriving from Italy on February 26, 2020. However, limited data are available on the origins and number of introductions of COVID-19 into the country. We sequenced the causative agent of COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), from 43 clinical samples we collected, along with another 79 genome sequences available from Colombia. We investigated the emergence and importation routes for SARS-CoV-2 into Colombia by using epidemiologic, historical air travel, and phylogenetic observations. Our study provides evidence of multiple introductions, mostly from Europe, and documents >12 lineages. Phylogenetic findings validate the lineage diversity, support multiple importation events, and demonstrate the evolutionary relationship of epidemiologically linked transmission chains. Our results reconstruct the early evolutionary history of SARS-CoV-2 in Colombia and highlight the advantages of genome sequencing to complement COVID-19 outbreak investigations. 相似文献
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Rosa Casas Sara Castro-Barquero Francesca Crovetto Marta Larroya Ana Maria Ruiz-Len Laura Segals Ayako Nakaki Lina Youssef Leticia Benitez Francesc Casanovas-Garriga Eduard Vieta Ftima Crispi Eduard Gratacs Ramon Estruch 《Nutrients》2022,14(11)
The information available on the effects of maternal dietary habits on systemic inflammation and adverse maternal outcomes is limited. We aimed to evaluate whether Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score during pregnancy is associated with maternal body mass index (BMI), Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence, and perinatal outcomes. At 19–23 weeks’ gestation, 1028 pregnant women were recruited. Dietary information was assessed using a 17-item dietary score to evaluate MD adherence and a validated 151-item food frequency questionnaire. DII score was established according to 33 food and nutritional proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory items. Participants were distributed into tertiles according to the DII score, where a lower DII score (first tertile) represented an anti-inflammatory diet and the third tertile represented the more proinflammatory diet. Maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes were collected, and newborns’ birthweight percentiles were calculated. Adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the association of the DII score with maternal and perinatal characteristics, setting the third tertile as the reference group. Women in the third tertile showed lower adherence to MD score compared to the first tertile: median (25th to 75th percentile) 9 (7 to 11) vs. 6 (4.25 to 8), p < 0.001. The proinflammatory diet was significantly associated with a higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (adjusted β = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.31 to 1.45) and lower newborn’s birthweight percentile (adjusted β = −9.84th; 95% CI: −19.6 to −0.12). These data show that a proinflammatory diet profile may be associated with maternal overweight and fetal undergrowth. 相似文献
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Joseph A. Lewnard Ana M. Mora Oguchi Nkwocha Katherine Kogut Stephen A. Rauch Norma Morga Samantha Hernandez Marcus P. Wong Karen Huen Kristin Andrejko Nicholas P. Jewell Kimberly L. Parra Nina Holland Eva Harris Maximiliano Cuevas Brenda Eskenazi 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(5):1330
During the ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, farmworkers in the United States are considered essential personnel and continue in-person work. We conducted prospective surveillance for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and antibody prevalence among farmworkers in Salinas Valley, California, during June 15–November 30, 2020. We observed 22.1% (1,514/6,864) positivity for SARS-CoV-2 infection among farmworkers compared with 17.2% (1,255/7,305) among other adults from the same communities (risk ratio 1.29, 95% CI 1.20–1.37). In a nested study enrolling 1,115 farmworkers, prevalence of current infection was 27.7% among farmworkers reporting >1 COVID-19 symptom and 7.2% among farmworkers without symptoms (adjusted odds ratio 4.16, 95% CI 2.85–6.06). Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies increased from 10.5% (95% CI 6.0%–18.4%) during July 16–August 31 to 21.2% (95% CI 16.6%–27.4%) during November 1–30. High SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence among farmworkers underscores the need for vaccination and other preventive interventions. 相似文献
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Lívia P. Bonifcio Viviane N.F. Csizmar Francisco Barbosa-Júnior Ana P.S. Pereira Marcel Koenigkam-Santos Danilo T. Wada Gilberto G. Gaspar Felipe S. Carvalho Valdes R. Bollela Rodrigo C. Santana Joo P. Souza Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues 《Emerging infectious diseases》2022,28(3):730
We conducted a prospective cohort study in a population with diverse ethnic backgrounds from Brazil to assess clinically meaningful symptoms after surviving coronavirus disease. For most of the 175 patients in the study, clinically meaningful symptoms, including fatigue, dyspnea, cough, headache, and muscle weakness, persisted for >120 days after disease onset. 相似文献