骨肉瘤rad,c—myc和Rb基因蛋白表达

应用免疫组织化学（ＬＳＡＢ法）检测９例人骨肉瘤ｒａｓ、ｃ－ｍｙｃ原癌基因和Ｒｂ抑癌基因蛋白产物的表达，研究结果表明：原癌基因ｒａｓ、ｃ－ｍｙｃ的蛋白表达阳性率分别为７８％（７例）、８９％（８例）。两种蛋白表达的强度无显著性差异。在９例骨肉瘤中，两种原癌基因蛋白共同表达有６例，占６７％。抑癌基因Ｒｂ蛋白阴性表达为３例，阴性表达率３３％，且都伴有Ｐ２１和ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因蛋白的阳性表达。本文研究结果提示     

人宫颈癌多基因致癌机理的研究

应用核酸分子杂交、ＰＣＲ、ＰＣＲ－ＡＳＯ杂交等技术，对人宫颈癌中Ｈａ－ｒａｓ等三种癌基因、ＨＰＶ１６病毒基因及Ｐ５３、Ｒｂ抑癌基因等多基因变化及其致癌机理进行了研究。结果表明：①宫颈癌中存在Ｈａ－ｒａｓ第１２位密码子Ｇ→Ｔ点突变，突变率为１８．２％（８／４４），并有Ｈａ－ｒａｓ基因扩增，扩增率为４５％（９／２０）；②ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ２基因在宫颈癌中的扩增率为７３．３％（１１／１５），５例伴有重排；③ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因在宫颈癌中的扩增率为９１．７％（１１／１２）；④ＨＰＶ１６Ｅ６／Ｅ７为引物的ＰＣＲ检测结果，宫颈癌中的阳性率为８０．５％（３３／４１）；⑤１２例宫颈癌中未发现Ｐ５８、Ｒｂ基因缺失。上述多基因致癌机理的研究表明，人宫颈癌中Ｈａ－ｒａｓ、ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ２经点突变、扩增、重排而被激活，在癌变中起着协同致癌作用。ＨＰＶ１６基因的整合可能启动ｃ－ｍｙｃ，为癌变的起始因素，而Ｈａ－ｒａｓ、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ２的基因改变可能为中、晚期事件，抑癌基因Ｐ５３、Ｒｂ的作用尚需进一步研究。     

肺癌组织中癌基因ras和c-myc蛋白产物的免疫组织化学研究

目的］探讨肺癌组织中癌基因ｒａｓ和ｃ ｍｙｃ蛋白产物Ｐ２１,Ｐ６２表达特征以及临床病理意义．［方法］应用免疫组织化学方法（Ｓ Ｐ法）检测６９例肺癌组织标本中Ｐ２１和Ｐ６２蛋白表达．［结果］Ｐ２１和Ｐ６２在肺癌中的阳性表达率分别为６８％,７１％;在肺癌癌旁支气管粘膜和腺体中的阳性表达率分别为１８％和２９％,与肿瘤区相比较差异非常显著．Ｐ２１和Ｐ６２蛋白之间的阳性率无统计学差异．６９例肺癌中２１例（３０％）同时有Ｐ２１和Ｐ６２共同表达．肺腺癌Ｐ２１蛋白表达高于肺鳞癌．Ｐ２１和Ｐ６２蛋白表达与肺癌病人性别、年龄、肿瘤分期及肺癌分化程度无关．［结论］ｒａｓ和ｃ ｍｙｃ癌基因突变是肺癌的早期事件,ｒａｓ和ｃ ｍｙｃ癌基因在肺癌发生发展中具有相同重要性     

肝细胞癌和癌旁肝组织中c－myc，N－ras癌基因的表达

应用生物素标记的ｃ－ｍｙｃ，Ｎ－ｒａｓｃＤＮＡ探针对２１例肝细胞癌石蜡切片进行原位杂交研究，结果显示，在２１例肝癌组织中９例呈ｃ－ｍｙｃ阳性（４２．９％），４例为Ｎ－ｒａｓ阳性（１９％），而癌旁肝组织中仅有４例呈ｃ－ｍｙｃ弱阳性，１例呈Ｎ－ｒａｓ弱阳性．Ｃ－ｍｙｃ，Ｎ－ｒａｓ，ｍＲＮＡ多分布于肝癌细胞胞浆中，显微分光光度计检测结果显示，肝癌细胞中ｃ－ｍｙｃ，Ｎ－ｒａｓ，ｍＲＮＡ阳性信号明显高于癌旁肝细胞．作者认为，ｃ－ｍｙｃ，Ｎ－ｒａｓ癌基因在肝细胞癌中均可呈较高水平表达．二者参与了肝癌的恶性转化过程并在肝癌的发生过程中相互协同以维持肝癌的恶性表型．     

重庆地区HBV、HCV感染的肝癌组织中癌基因与抑癌基因的表达

提示重庆地区肝癌患者ＨＢＶ和／或ＨＣＶ的感染与癌组织中癌基因和抑癌基因表达之间的联系。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法检测ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ抗原以诊断ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ感染,癌基因ｒａｓ、ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２和抑癌基因Ｐ５３蛋白的表达也用免疫 经方法检测。结果４６例肝癌患者中,ＨＢＶ感染３４例,ＨＣＶ感染２０例;其癌组织中ｒａｓ ｐ２１、ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２和Ｐ５３蛋白表达阳性率分别为５８．７％     

癌基因及抗癌基因在实验性动脉粥样硬化斑块中的转录表达

本研究以高胆固醇膳食饲养家兔建立了主动脉粥样硬化模型，选用ｖ－ｓｉｓ等６种癌基因和Ｒｂ抗癌基因片段为探针，分别与硬化斑块动脉壁及正常动脉壁总ＲＮＡ进行斑点杂交分析。结果表明，ｖ－ｓｉｓ、ｃ－ｆｏｓ和ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因表达与正常对照比较增加３倍以上（Ｐ＜０．０１），ｃ－ｊｕｎ和Ｈ－ｒａｓ表达增加２倍（Ｐ＜０．０１），ｖ－ｅｒｂ－Ｂ表达无改变，Ｒｂ抗癌基因表达显著减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）。这些结果提示，动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成及动脉平滑肌细胞的增殖可能与ｖ－ｓｉｓ，ｃ－ｆｏｓ，ｃ－ｍｙｃ，ｃ－ｊｕｎ，Ｈ－ｒａｓ等癌基因的表达增强及Ｒｂ抗癌基因表达减弱有关。     

骨肉瘤P53，c－erbB－2，c－myc的表达及与预后的关系

骨肉瘤Ｐ５３，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２，ｃ－ｍｙｃ的表达及与预后的关系［王臻，梁戈，黄耀添等．中华骨科杂志，１９９５；１５（９）：６００～６０３］作者对不同临床行为骨肉瘤的抑癌基因Ｐ５３突变蛋白、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２，ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因及增殖细胞核抗原ＰＣＮＡ进行...     

生殖器疣与癌中Ha—ras及C—myc癌基因表达的研究

应用免疫组化技术对５０例生殖器疣、１０例阴茎表皮内瘤Ⅲ级（ＰＩＮⅢ）、１２例宫颈表皮内瘤Ⅲ级（ＣＩＮⅢ）、２０例阴茎癌及３０例宫颈癌Ｈａ－ｒａｓ及Ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因表达进行了研究。结果：ＰＩＮⅢ／ＣＩＮⅢ和浸润癌较生殖器疣均伴有ｒａｓ和ｍｙｃ癌基因增强表达；不同的是抗Ｐ２１蛋白抗体的表达强度在ＰＩＮⅢ／ＣＩＮⅢ和生殖器疣之间无重叠。提示（１）ｒａｓ和ｍｙｃ癌基因与生殖器癌发生相关，且它们具有协同作用     

肝细胞癌HBVDNA和癌基因表达的分子病理研究

目的：从分子水平观察肝细胞癌组织ＨＢＶＤＮＡ和癌基因的表达情况及与发病的关系。方法：应用原位核酸分子杂交技术研究４５例原发性肝细胞癌和２５例肝硬化的石蜡切片组织中ＨＢＶＤＮＡ和ｎ－ｒａｓ、ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因表达情况。结果：在肝细胞癌中见有ｎ－ｒａｓ和ｃ－ｍｙｃ表达增强，其检出率分别为６８．９％（３１／４５）和４０．０％（１８／４５），高于肝硬化组（２８．０％，８．０％）（Ｐ＜０．０５）。４０％肝细胞癌病例（１８／４５）两种癌基因同时过量表达，４５例肝细胞癌组织中有１９例存在有ＨＢＶＤＮＡ序列（４２．２％）并均具有ｎ－ｒａｓ或ｃ－ｍｙｃ过度表达。结论：两种癌基因ＨＢＶＤＮＡ可能有激活癌基因作用，肝细胞癌发生中可能起着重要的协同作用。ＨＢＶ感染与肝细胞癌发生有密切关系。     

大肠癌组织中胃泌素与癌基因c-myc、c-fos、ras p21表达和AgNORs计数的关系

目的 探讨大肠癌组织中胃泌素与癌基因ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｒａｓ ｐ２１表达和核仁组成区嗜银染色（ＡｇＮＯＲｓ）计数的关系及其意义。方法 对４８例大肠癌病人癌组织进行检测,采用免疫组化Ｓ－Ｐ法测胃泌素、ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｃ－ｆｏｓ、和ｒａｓ ｐ２１表达,改良银染法测ＡｇＮＯＲｓ计数,并与癌旁３ｃｍ、６ｃｍ粘膜及正常大肠粘膜作对照。结果 癌组织胃泌素、ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｒａｓ Ｐ２１表达的阳性率和     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.