地精子皂甙抗缺血再灌性心律失常的作用机制研究

目的研究地精子皂甙对心律失常的作用机制.方法借助缺血-再灌注诱发心律失常大鼠模型,观察地精子皂甙对心律失常大鼠心肌组织乳酸代谢、Ca2 浓度、脂质过氧化损伤及心肌细胞膜Na -K -ATPase和Ca2 -Mg2 -ATPase活性的影响.结果心律失常大鼠心肌组织乳酸大量堆积,脂质过氧化增强,Ca2 含量增高,而心肌细胞膜Na -K -ATPase、Ca2 -Mg2 -ATPase活性明显降低;与模型组比较,地精子皂甙大、中剂量治疗组心肌组织乳酸含量明显降低,心肌组织丙二醛(MDA)含量也明显较低,而超氧歧化酶(SOD)活性升高(P＜0.05),其中地精子皂甙大、中剂量和维拉帕米皆可明显提高心肌细胞膜Na -K -ATPase、Ca2 -Mg2 -ATPase活性,并能明显降低心肌组织Ca2 含量(P＜0.05).结论地精子皂甙具有明显抗心律失常的作用,其作用机制是通过改善缺血再灌注心肌乳酸代谢,对抗脂质过氧化损伤,提高缺血心肌细胞ATP含量,提高心肌细胞膜Na -K -ATPase、Ca2 -Mg2 -ATPase活性,抑制了Ca2 超负荷,从而发挥其抗心律失常的作用.     

Glucagon-induced changes in the action potential, contraction, and Na+-K+-ATPase of cardiac muscle.

The effects of glucagon in concentrations of 0.294 times 10(-6) mol/l, 1.47 times 10(-6) mol/l; 2.94 times 10(-6) mol/l, 5.8 times 10(-6) mol/l, and 1.47 times 10(-5) mol/l on the simultaneously recorded action potentials and contractions; and microsomal and sarcolemmal Na+-tk+-atpase in the myocardium of the guinea pig, rabbit, dog, and pig were investigated. Glucagon in all the concentrations produced an inhibition of the Na+-K+-ATPase associated with an increase in the contractility and shortening of the duration of action potential in dog myocardium. The increase in contraction was concentration-dependent up to a certain concentration. Inhibition of sarcolemmal ATPase was more than that of microsomal ATPase. In none of the concentrations did glucagon produce any significant changes in the Na+-K+-ATPase. In none of the concentrations did glucagon produce any significant changes in the Na+-K+-ATPase, contractility, and action potential duration in the myocardium of guinea pig, rabbit, or pig. These results suggest that glucagon-induced positive inotropic effect might be due to an increase in the Ca++ influx as a result of inhibition of membrane Na+-K+-ATPase. Shortening of the action potential duration might also be due to an increased efflux of potassium as a result of an inhibition of Na+-K+-ATPase.     

Effects of adenosine on transmembrane potential and sarcolemmal Na+-K+ ATPase activity of human atrial myocardium

Adenosine effects on the transmembrane potential characteristics and the sarcolemmal Na+-K+ ATPase activity of human atrial myocardium were studied in tissue from 20 patients who were divided into 2 groups based on the maximum diastolic potentials (MDP) greater than or less than -60 mV. Group A consisted of 10 patients with MDP of 70.84 +/- 4.20 mV and Na+-K+ ATPase activity of 15.37 +/- 0.46 mumole Pi/mg/hr. Ten patients with MDP of 44.54 +/- 6.24 mV and Na+-K+ ATPase activity of 12.55 +/- 0.42 mumole Pi/mg/hr were included in group B. Adenosine had no effects on the electrophysiological properties and the sarcolemmal Na+-K+ ATPase activity of atrial myocardium at concentrations below 1 X 10(-5) M in either group. Adenosine resulted in mildly altered atrial transmembranes potentials without significant effect on Na+-K+ ATPase activity at concentrations between 1 X 10(-5) M and 5 X 10(-4) M. However, a significant reduction of transmembrane potentials and an apparent inhibition of Na+-K+ ATPase activity were observed only in tissue from group B. These results suggest that: 1) adenosine has no effect on the electrophysiological properties and the sarcolemmal Na+-K+ ATPase activity of human atrial myocardium at physiological concentrations; 2) adenosine induced inhibition of the sarcolemmal Na+-K+ ATPase activity in slow channel-dependent atrial tissues may be a mechanism responsible for the alterations of transmembrane potentials under unphysiological conditions; and 3) adenosine contributes to the genesis of cardiac arrhythmias during acute myocardial ischemia, which can reduce transmembrane potentials of the myocardial cells and may increase the myocardial adenosine level above its effective concentration.     

Effect of palmitoyl carnitine on Na+, K+-ATPase and adenylate cyclase activity of canine myocardial sarcolemma

The accumulation of long chain of acyl carnitine, which is thought to exaggerate myocardial ischemic damage, has been demonstrated in ischemic myocardium. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of palmitoyl carnitine on the Na+, K+-ATPase and adenylate cyclase activity of myocardial sarcolemma in vitro. Controversial views exist at present regarding the effect of palmitoyl carnitine on Na+, K+-ATPase. Wood et al. [23] observed that palmitoyl carnitine inhibited the activity of Na+, K+-ATPase but this inhibition was not observed by Owens et al. [17]. We did observe an inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase by palmitoyl carnitine. The 50% inhibition of the maximum activity was observed at a palmitoyl carnitine concentration of 110 microM and complete inhibition at 160 microM. Adenylate cyclase activity was inhibited by palmitoyl carnitine irrespective of the assay conditions. The (isoproterenol + GTP)-stimulated activity, fluoride-stimulated activity and basal activity with Mg-ATP or Mn-ATP as a substrate were all inhibited though to varying degrees. The 50% inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity was observed at 84 microM, 94 microM, 200 microM and 105 microM of palmitoyl carnitine in the above mentioned order. The inhibition curve showed a shoulder or even a peak at about 75 microM of palmitoyl carnitine. It is suggested that elevated levels of palmitoyl carnitine in ischemic myocardium may play a role in inhibiting sarcolemmal function.     

Prolactin stimulates Na+-K+-ATPase activity located in the outer renal medulla of the rat

The effect of rat prolactin on rat renal Na+-K+-ATPase activity was investigated by a cytochemical technique. Rat prolactin caused stimulation of Na+-K+-ATPase activity only in the outer medulla of the kidney, and not in renal cortical structures. Peak enzyme activity in cultured rat renal segments occurred after tissue had been exposed to rat prolactin for 2 min, and the time of maximal stimulation did not vary with the concentration of prolactin. There was a curvilinear response in Na+-K+-ATPase activity over the rat prolactin concentration range, 0.04-40 ng/l, but higher prolactin concentrations caused inhibition of enzyme activity. Na+-K+-ATPase response was totally blocked by specific rat prolactin antiserum. Human prolactin had no consistent effect on rat medullary Na+-K+-ATPase activity. Addition of specific tri-iodothyronine and arginine vasopressin antisera to rat prolactin was without effect, confirming that the stimulatory action of rat prolactin on Na+-K+-ATPase was not due to contamination with these hormones which are known to stimulate this enzyme.     

克山病病区粮喂养大鼠心肌细胞膜流动性及膜结合酶活性的研究

本文对比观察了低硒的克山病病区粮和补硒的克山病病区粮喂养大鼠其心肌细胞膜流动性及膜结合酶Na~+—K~+—ATP酶、5′—核苷酸酶活性的变化。实验结果表明,克山病病区粮喂养的大鼠心肌细胞膜流动性及膜结合酶活性均降低;给病区粮补硒0.25ppm后可使上述心肌细胞膜的异常变化得到一定的恢复,据此认为细胞膜流动性异常可能是低硒对膜结合酶影响的中间环节。是低硒导致细胞膜功能障碍的基础。     

红细胞膜Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活性与动脉硬化性脑梗塞的关系

为探讨红细胞膜Ｎａ＾＋－Ｋ＾＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性与动脉硬化性脑梗塞的关系，本文检测了３７例动脉硬化性脑梗塞患者、２０例脑动脉硬化症患者和２５例健康对照者的红细胞膜Ｎａ＾＋－Ｋ＾＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性，并将酶活性与脑ＣＴ梗塞灶大小进行直线回归分析。结果发现，动脉硬化性脑梗塞和脑动脉硬化症患者的Ｎａ＾＋－Ｋ＾＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性明显降低，酶活性降低程度与脑ＣＴ梗塞灶大小呈显著负相关性（ｒ＝－０．５８，Ｐ〈０．０１）     

甲状腺功能减退大鼠心肌抗氧化能力及Na+-K+-ATP酶α1亚基mRNA表达的研究

采用低碘饮食建立甲状腺功能减退(甲减)动物模型,观察心肌抗氧化能力及Na+-K+-ATP酶α1亚基mRNA的变化,结果显示甲减大鼠心肌抗氧化能力下降,导致心肌过氧化损伤,心肌细胞萎缩,心脏内膜软骨化生,膜上参与代谢的ATP酶活性降低,Na+-K+-ATP酶α1亚基mRNA的表达下降.     

Salt intake and sensitivity of intestinal and renal Na+-K+ atpase to inhibition by dopamine in spontaneous hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto rats

The present study evaluated the activity of jejunal Na+-K+-ATPase and its sensitivity to inhibition by dopamine in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats during low (LS), normal (NS) and high (HS) salt intake. Basal jejunal Na+-K+-ATPase activity in SHR on LS intake was higher than in WKY rats. Jejunal Na+-K+-ATPase activity in WKY rats, but not in SHR, on LS intake was significantly reduced (20% decrease) by dopamine (1 microM) and SKF 38393 (10 nM), but not quinerolane (10 nM), this being antagonized the D1 receptor antagonist (SKF 83566). Changing from LS to NS or HS intake in WKY rats increased basal jejunal Na+-K+-ATPase activity and attenuated the inhibitory effect of dopamine. In SHR, changing from LS to NS or HS intake increased basal jejunal Na+-K+-ATPase activity. Basal renal Na+-K+-ATPase activity in SHR on LS intake was similar to that in WKY rats and was insensitive to inhibition by dopamine. Changing from LS to NS or HS intake in WKY rats increased basal renal Na+-K+-ATPase activity without affecting the inhibitory effect of dopamine. In SHR, changing from LS to NS or HS intake failed to alter basal renal Na+-K+-ATPase activity. It is concluded that inhibition of jejunal Na+-K+ ATPase activity by D1 dopamine receptor activation is dependent on salt intake in WKY rats, and SHR animals fail to respond to dopamine, irrespective of their salt intake.     

黄龙通络胶囊对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注心律失常的影响

目的探索黄龙通络胶囊对心肌缺血再灌注所致大鼠心律失常模型的保护作用。方法采用结扎大鼠冠状动脉前降支,引起心肌缺血再灌注所致心律失常模型,记录各组大鼠Ⅱ导联心电图,并测定心肌组织中Na+-K+-ATPase、Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase的活性。结果黄龙通络胶囊有稳定QRS间期、PR间期的作用,能降低抬高的ST段;能显著提高线粒体膜Na+-K+-ATPase、Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase活性。结论黄龙通络胶囊可能是通过保持缺血-再灌注心肌细胞膜的稳定性,改善缺血心肌能量代谢障碍,而发挥其抗心律失常的作用。     

Coordinated regulation of intracellular K+ in the proximal tubule: Ba2+ blockade down-regulates the Na+,K+-ATPase and up-regulates two K+ permeability pathways.

To avoid large changes in cell K+ content and volume during variations in Na+,K+-ATPase activity, Na+-transporting epithelia must adjust the rate of K+ exit through passive permeability pathways. Recent studies have shown that a variety of passive K+ transport mechanisms may coexist within a cell and may be functionally linked to the activity of the Na+,K+-ATPase. In this study, we have identified three distinct pathways for passive K+ transport that act in concert with the Na+,K+-ATPase to maintain intracellular K+ homeostasis in the proximal tubule. Under control conditions, the total K+ leak of the tubules consisted of discrete Ba2+-sensitive (approximately 65%), quinine-sensitive (approximately 20%), and furosemide-sensitive (approximately 10%) pathways. Following inhibition of the principal K+ leak pathway with Ba2+, the tubules adaptively restored cell K+ content to normal levels. This recovery of cell K+ content was inhibited, in an additive manner, by quinine and furosemide. Following adaptation to Ba2+, the tubules exhibited a 30% reduction in Na+-K+ pump rate coupled with an increase in K+ leak by means of the quinine-sensitive (approximately 70%) and furosemide-sensitive (approximately 280%) pathways. Thus, the proximal tubule maintains intracellular K+ homeostasis by the coordinated modulation of multiple K+ transport pathways. Furthermore, these results suggest that, like Ba2+, other inhibitors of K+ conductance will cause compensatory changes in both the Na+-K+ pump and alternative pathways for passive K+ transport.     

Effects of chronic digoxin treatment on cardiac function, electrolytes, and sarcolemmal ATPase in the canine failing heart due to chronic mitral regurgitation

This study was designed to determine whether digoxin therapy in the canine heart failing because of mitral regurgitation (MR) provides only hemodynamic benefit and accompanying subjective improvement or if it also reverses the changes in intracellular Ca++ and sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase. The dogs were divided into four groups: control, MR of 3 months' duration, MR of 6 months', and digoxin treatment for 3 months after 3 months of MR. Six months of MR produced a marked decrease in the index of myocardial contractility and function associated with a decrease in intracellular Ca++ and Na+, and an increase in intracellular K+, extracellular space, sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase, and Mg++-ATPase. Digoxin treatment tended to return the changes in the index of myocardial contractility and cardiac function, intracellular Ca++, Na+, K+, extracellular space, and sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase of the failing heart toward control levels. Digoxin treatment did not affect Mg++-ATPase. The right ventricle, which did not fail, also did not show any significant changes in the parameters measured. The results showed that digoxin treatment not only improved the index of myocardial contractility and cardiac function of the failing heart but also tended to return the electrolytes and sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase toward control levels.     

The change and significance of the Na+-K+-ATPase alpha-subunit in ouabain-hypertensive rats.

Ouabain has recently been identified as an endogenous Na+-K+ pump inhibitor having a close association with hypertension. However, some patients with hypertention do not show high levels of endogenous ouabain (EO), and patients with high EO levels do not necessarily suffer from hypertention. It is believed that the Na+-K+-ATPase activity in essential hypertension does not undergo homogenous change. The present study was designed, therefore, to investigate the expression and the significance of the Na+-K+-ATPase alpha-subunit isoforms in kidney tissue in ouabain-hypertensive rats. Ouabain was administered chronically to establish a model of ouabain-hypertensive rats. Biochemical analysis, cytobiology and sABC immunohistochemistry were they used to assay for expression of Na+-K+-ATPase alpha-subunit isoforms in kidney tissue. After the first week of receiving ouabain, 65% (n=13) of rats had hypertension. After the second week, the blood pressure of these 13 hypertensive rats was increased significantly compared to the baseline and control levels (p<0.05). The plasma renin activity was normal, and angiotensin II and aldosterone levels were increased significantly in these rats (p<0.05). But in the other 35% (n=7) of rats of the experimental group, there was no apparent increase in blood pressure after receiving ouabain. The plasma ouabain level in the non-hypertensive subgroup was significantly higher than that in the hypertensive subgroup, but the 86Rb intake and the number of 3H-ouabain binding sites did not decrease. The Na+-K+-ATPase activity showed non-homogeneous changes. In hypertensive rats, the expression levels of ouabain paralleled the degree of hypertension (r=0.88, p<0.05). The positive granules were mainly scattered in the cytoblastoma of the reticular zone of adrenal cortex. There were thus different levels of expression of Na+-K+-ATPase alpha-subunit isoforms in this model. In the hypertension subgroup the alpha1 was most strongly expressed, followed by the alpha2 and alpha3 isforms. But in the non-hypertensive subgroup the order was alpha3 > alpha2 > alpha1. The positive granular was mainly scattered in the convoluted tubules of the kidney. These results suggest that the high level of ouabain and the change of the Na+-K+-ATPase alpha-subunit isoforms may play a critical role in hypertension.     

Intact vesicles of canine cardiac sarcolemma: evidence from vectorial properties of Na+, K+-ATPase.

Most biological membranes are functionally asymmetric. To study biochemical control of cardiac transsarcolemmalion fluxes, it would be of obvious advantage to use isolated vesicles of sarcolemma which retains the low passive permeability characteristics of intact sarcolemma because in such vesicles the membrane should exhibit its normal asymmetric character with respect to enzymic activities. The purpose of this investigation was to attempt identify such vesicles in a cardiac microsomal (membrane vesicular) preparation. We studied activation by Na+ and K+ of Na+, K+-ATPase and its associated K+-phosphatase activities, using as substrates ATP or p-nitrophenylphosphate (pNPP) in the presence of Mg2+. Optimal concentrations of K+ alone (10 mM) stimulated p-nitrophenylphosphatase (pNPPase) activity 1.8-fold, and over 80% of the increase could be inhibited by ouabain. Optimal Na+ plus K+ concentrations (100 mM and 10 mM, respectively) stimulated the rate of ATP hydrolysis 2-fold, but only 11 +/- 1.1% of the increased activity was ouabain-sensitive. Optimal pretreatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (0.3 mg/ml) rendered both activities completely sensitive to inhibition by ouabain and reduced the basal Mg2+-ATPase activity by 70-90%. The K+-stimulated pNPPase activity doubled after preincubation in SDS, but the ATPase activity stimulated by Na+ plus K+ fell by 50% under these conditions. A similar pattern of apparent activation was produced by preincubation with deoxycholate (DOC), except that basal Mg2+-dependent activities were resistant to destruction by this detergent. The incremental responses to activation by ions and substrates, and inhibition by oubain, are consistent with the hypothesis that permeability-intact vesicles of sarcolemma are present in the isolated preparation, and that detergent activation renders the vesicles highly permeable to the ions, substrates, and ouabain.     

Effect of prazosin treatment on the cardiac sarcolemmal ATPase in failing heart due to mitral insufficiency in dogs

Prazosin has been used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. It is, however, not known whether prazosin gives only haemodynamic benefit or if it also produces a decrease in the cardiac sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase which has been reported to be increased in the failing heart. The present investigation deals with the effect of 3 months of prazosin treatment in dogs with 3 months of induced mitral insufficiency (MI) on the sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase activity. The dogs were divided into four groups each comprising of five dogs. A--normal; B--3 months of MI; C--6 months of MI; D--3 months of prazosin treatment after 3 months of MI. Three months of MI produced a decrease in the dp/dt and an increase in the end-diastolic pressure of left ventricle but no change in the index of left ventricular contractility and cardiac index. Also there was no change in the sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase. There was a significant decrease in the index of left ventricular contractility and cardiac index and an increase in the LVEDP associated with a significant increase in the left ventricular sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase at 6 months of MI. Sarcolemmal Mg2+-ATPase of both ventricles increased after 6 months of MI the significance of which is not known as yet. There was no change in the sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase of the nonfailing right ventricle. Prazosin treatment prevented the deterioration of the left ventricular contractility and function and also prevented the increase in the sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase observed in failing heart.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Affinity chromatographic study of the changes in the endogenous Na+-K+-ATPase inhibitor during sodium loading in man

Semi-purified dog kidney Na+-K+-ATPase was cross-linked with ovalbumin. This immobilized enzyme was able to hydrolyse ATP and this hydrolysis was ouabain-sensitive. It was then used in batch wise affinity chromatography for the detection of endogenous Na+-K+-ATPase inhibitor in human plasma and urine. Ammonium acetate 1 mM washed off the endogenous Na+-K+-ATPase inhibitor from the immobilized enzyme. The inhibitory activity of the eluate from hypertensive plasma was significantly higher (p less than 0.0025, n = 6) than that of normotensive plasma. Similar results were obtained (n = 3) from human urine eluates during salt loading as compared to control urine.     

L-精氨酸对糖尿病大鼠心肌损伤的影响

目的研究L-精氨酸(L-Arg)对糖尿病(DM)大鼠心肌的保护作用。方法 28只大鼠腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(60 mg/kg)制备DM模型,随机均分为DM组、L-Arg〔300 mg/(kg.d)〕治疗组。另设立正常对照(NC)组(n=12)。用药12周末处死大鼠,用透射电镜观察3组大鼠心肌细胞的形态学改变,采用RT-PCR检测心肌组织内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、内皮素-1(ET-1)mRNA的表达水平,并测定心肌组织内eNOSi、NOS、Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶活性以及一氧化氮(NO)、ET-1的含量。结果电镜下可见DM组大鼠心肌细胞肌原纤维含量明显减少,肌浆网扩张,线粒体肿胀变性。DM组大鼠eNOS mRNA表达、Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶活性及NO含量明显低于NC组,而ET-1 mRNA表达及ET-1含量明显高于NC组。L-Arg组大鼠心肌病变明显减轻,eNOS mRNA表达、Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶活性及NO含量明显高于DM组,ET-1mRNA表达及ET-1含量明显低于DM组。结论 L-Arg对DM大鼠心肌具有保护作用,其机制可能与L-Arg增加心肌组织NO含量、降低ET-1含量,改善心肌血供有关。     

Decrease in myocardial Na+-K+-ATPase activity and ouabain binding sites in hypercholesterolemic rabbits

Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of high dietary cholesterol on the lipid composition, Na⁺–K⁺-ATPase activity and ouabain receptor property of the myocardial sarcolemma.Methods Male New Zealand white rabbits were fed with standard chow or standard chow supplemented with 0.5% (w/w) cholesterol and 10% (w/w) coconut oil to induce hypercholesterolemia. After 8 weeks, the rabbits were sacrificed; a myocardial sarcolemma fraction was then prepared from the left ventricular myocardium and analyzed for lipid composition. Assay of Na⁺–K⁺-ATPase activity and³H-ouabain binding studies were performed in the myocardial sarcolemma from the control and cholesterol-fed rabbits.Results The cholesterol content, but not the phospholipid content, of the sarcolemma was significantly greater in the cholesterol-fed group, thus, resulting in an increased cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio in the cholesterol-fed group. In addition, a decrease in Na⁺–K⁺-ATPase activity was also found in this group. The decrease in Na⁺–K⁺-ATPase activity was selective, since the Mg⁺⁺-ATPase and 5-nucleotidase activities remained unchanged. In the³H-ouabain binding study, a decrease in the number of maximum binding sites, but not the binding affinity, for³H-ouabain was foundie the cholesterol-fed group.Conclusions High dietary cholesterol induces higher levels of cholesterol not only in the plasma, but also in the myocardial sarcolemma. These changes result in decreased myocardial Na⁺–K⁺-ATPase activity mediated by a reduction in the maximum number of binding sites for ouabain but not a change in binding affinity.     

Alterations of sarcolemmal Na+-Ca2+ exchange in catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy

Rats were injected intraperitoneally with 40 mg/kg body weight isoproterenol and the heart sarcolemma was isolated 3, 9 and 24 hours later. The heart/body weight ratio increased and varying degrees of change in cardiac ultrastructure were apparent at 9 and 24 hours after isoproterenol injection. Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake activities of heart sarcolemma were depressed at 3, 9 and 24 hours; such alterations in 24 hour preparations were evident at different times of incubation and at different concentrations of Ca2+. No differences in Na+-induced Ca2+ release or Na+-K+ ATPase activities were observed between the control and experimental membranes. The control and isoproterenol-treated heart sarcolemmal preparations were minimally but equally contaminated by other subcellular organelles. Although there was no significant change in the phospholipid composition, the protein pattern as determined by gel electrophoresis was altered in sarcolemma at 24 hours of isoproterenol treatment. These results indicate an abnormality of heart sarcolemmal Na+-dependent Ca+ uptake during the development of catecholamine-induced cardiotoxicity. It is suggested that a depression in the ability of the cell to remove Ca2+ through the Na+-Ca2+ exchange in sarcolemma may contribute to the development of intracellular Ca2+ overload in catecholamine induced cardiomyopathy.     

饮水型砷中毒致人体红细胞膜Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性的改变及膜损伤

目的探讨饮水型砷中毒致人体红细胞膜Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性的改变,并用扫描电镜观察膜的损害。方法对45例不同程度砷中毒患者（病例组）、84例病区内对照（内对照组）、58例病区外对照（外对照组）抽取抗凝血,分离血清,采用分光光度法分别测定各组细胞膜Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性,用扫描电镜观察各组红细胞膜形态的改变。结果（1）病例组Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性（1．89±0．76）u／mg prot,内对照组Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性（2．76±1．27）u／mg prot,外对照组Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性（3．65±1．31）u／mg prot,3组酶活性比较,外对照组、内对照组、病例组酶活性依次降低（P〈0．05）;（2）轻度病例组Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性（1．97±0．75）u／mg prot,中度病例组Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性（1．80±0．79）u／mg prot,重度病例组Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性（1．26±0．87）u／mg prot,3组酶活性比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;（3）扫描电镜观察内对照非地方性砷中毒患者和轻中重度地方性砷中毒病人的红细胞膜形态均发生了变形,且膜的受损程度与病人病情相一致。结论饮水型砷中毒可导致红细胞Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性的降低及膜损伤。