创伤性膈疝12例临床诊治体会

目的总结创伤性膈疝的诊治经验。方法对12例创伤性膈疝临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果术前确诊10例，治愈11例，死亡1例，病死率8．33％。结论创伤性膈疝一经确诊应尽早手术治疗。剖腹术是绝大多数创伤性膈疝患者首选的手术方法，尽早手术修补膈肌裂口，及时正确地处理合并脏器伤是提高治愈率，降低死亡率的关键。     

创伤性膈疝的外科治疗（附16例报告）

目的 总结创伤性膈疝的诊治经验。方法 对16例创伤性膈疝临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 术前确诊15例，治愈15例，死亡1例，病死率6．25％。结论 创伤性膈疝一经确诊应尽早手术治疗。开胸探查术是绝大多数创伤性膈疝首选的手术方法，尽早手术修补膈肌裂口，及时正确地处理合并脏器伤是提高治愈率，降低病死率的关键。     

创伤性膈疝28例临床分析

目的总结创伤性膈疝的诊治经验。方法回顾分析1990年1月～2004年8月28例创伤性膈疝临床资料。其中开放性损伤7例,闭合性损伤21例。结果术前确诊19例（67．9％）,治愈25例。死亡3例（10．7％）,2例死于出血性休克,1例死于多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）。结论胸部X线和CT检查是诊断创伤性膈疝的重要方法。早期诊断、及时手术,正确处理合并脏器伤是提高治愈率的关键。     

创伤性膈肌破裂的诊断与治疗(附28例报告)

目的 对创伤性膈肌破裂28例进行回顾性分析,旨在提高对其临床表现、诊断方法和外科处理认识。方法1998年6月至1999年12月我院收治的创伤性膈肌破裂28例中(左半膈肌破裂24例,右半膈肌破裂4例),24例膈疝形成。25例合并其它脏器损伤,占89.3％。本组术前明确诊断者20例,剖腹或胸探查后明确诊断者7例,剖腹术后漏诊1例。26例行手术治疗,其中经胸手术7例,经腹手术17例,胸腹两切口手术2例。结果 全组治愈25例,死亡3例,死亡率10.7％。结论:本病临床表现缺乏特征性,大多数病人经X线胸片、胃肠造影及CT检查能够确诊。术中要注意膈肌探查,合理选择切口,精细手术操作。     

创伤性膈疝21例诊治体会

目的 总结创伤性膈疝的临床特点，探讨诊断和治疗方法，以期提高诊治水平。方法 对21例创伤性膈疝患者受伤的原因、临床表现、各项检查的诊断价值和手术治疗的术式及结果进行回顾性分析。结果 术前确诊18例(85．7％)，漏诊3例(14、3％)，术后痊愈19例(90、4％)，死亡2例，病死率9．5％。结论 创伤性膈疝以左侧多发，往往以胸痛、腹痛、气促、呼吸困难为主要症状，常合并有其他脏器损伤，容易漏诊。钡餐动态X线胸腹联透，最具诊断价值．手术径路主视胸腹合并伤情况选择．     

23例创伤性膈疝的急诊手术分析

目的总结创伤性膈疝的诊治经验。方法对我院所收治的21例创伤性膈疝进行回顾性分析。结果术前确诊16例,术中探查确诊5例;经腹径路手术17例,经胸径路手术2例,胸腹联合径路手术2例;21例全部治愈。结论创伤性膈疝一经确诊应尽早手术治疗。开胸探查术是绝大多数创伤性膈疝首选的手术方法,尽早手术修补膈肌裂口,及时正确地处理合并脏器伤是提高治愈率,降低病死率的关键。     

创伤性膈疝的诊断和治疗

为了理解创伤性膈疝的临床表现、诊断要点、手术方法和预后结果,本文回顾性的分析了我院收治的11例创伤性膈疝,强调指出创伤性膈疝因常常伴有其他严重合并伤,又缺乏典型的临床表现,常导致误诊。胸部平片和胃肠造影对本病的诊断有很大帮助。本病一经确诊,均应尽早手术,经胸部切口手术适于绝大多数病人。预后主要取决于合并伤的严重程度。     

创伤性膈疝36例临床分析

目的 :总结创伤性膈疝的早期诊断方法 ,提高外科治疗效果。方法 :回顾性分析收治的 36例创伤性膈疝的临床病例资料。结果 :伤后 2 4h内确诊 1 3例 ,术前确诊 1 9例 ,多数患者合并其它脏器损伤 ,手术采用剖胸术 2 0例 ,剖腹术1 6例 ,治愈 31例 ,死亡 5例 ,死亡率 1 6 .1 3%。结论 :创伤性膈疝早期易误诊、漏诊 ,胸部X线检查非常重要 ,早期诊断、及时手术、正确处理合并症是提高治愈率的关键。     

创伤性膈肌破裂32例诊治体会

目的 报告32例膈破裂与创伤性膈疝的诊治体会。方法 对该院收治的32例创伤生膈肌破裂进行回顾性分析。结果 该32例中，开放性损伤12例，闭合性损伤20例，26例并发创伤性膈疝。经X线检查，18例有阳性发现；16例行CT检查，结果均为阳性；术前确诊24例（75％），治愈28例，死亡4例（12.5%）。结论 CT和X线检查是诊断膈肌破裂和创伤性膈疝的主要依据。早期诊断、及时手术治疗是提高治愈率、降低死亡率的关键。     

创伤性膈肌损伤的诊断及治疗

目的 探讨创伤性膈肌损伤的早期诊断及手术入路选择。方法 回顾性分析近10年来收治的23例创伤性膈肌损伤患者的临床资料。结果 术前诊断12例(52．2％)；术中确诊8例(34．8％)；漏诊3例，漏诊率为13．1％。全组患者均经手术治疗，经胸手术12例，经腹手术8例，胸腹联合切口手术3例。术中见腹腔内脏器疝人胸腔18例，单纯膈性肌损伤5例。术后并发脓胸2例。死亡3例，死亡率13．1％，死亡原因为失血性休克和多器官功能衰竭。结论 创伤性膈肌损伤早期诊断困难，关键是要考虑到膈肌损伤。创伤性膈肌损伤一经诊断或怀疑其可能时，应及早手术治疗。要根据受伤机制、受伤部位，选择手术入路，并根据术中发现选择手术方式。     

创伤性膈疝的诊断和治疗

目的 总结创伤性膈疝的诊治经验。方法 回顾性分析自１９７２年１月至１９９８年８月４家医院收治的８５例创伤性膈疝,其发生原因为穿透性损伤４３例,闭合性损伤４２例,９５．３％的病人合并其它脏器损伤。手术治疗采用剖胸术１１例,剖腹术７２例,剖腹后剖胸术２例。结果 术前确诊５８例,全组治愈７８例,死亡７例,病死率８．２％。     

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目的 总结膈肌破裂和创伤性膈疝的诊治方法。方法 回顾性分析16例创伤性膈肌破裂和膈疝病例,其中穿透伤6例,闭合伤10例,16例进行X线检查。9例有阳性发现,8例进行CT检查。均为阳性,结果 术前确诊12例（75.0%),治愈14例,死亡2例（12.5%)。结论 CT和X线检查是诊断膈肌破裂和创伤性膈疝的主要诊断依据。早期诊断,及时手术是提高治愈率,降低病死率的关键。     

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernias: a report of 26 cases

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernias, when diagnosed many years after the traumatic event, are observed in about 10% of diaphragmatic injuries. Due to coexisting injuries and the silent nature of diaphragmatic injuries, the diagnosis is easily missed or difficult. The medical records of 26 patients, who were treated for diaphragmatic hernias during the last 20 years, were analysed retrospectively. The patients were divided into acute phase and late-presenting groups, in whom emergency surgery and elective intervention were performed respectively. Chest radiography was diagnostic in 34.6% (n=9) of patients. 92.3% of the hernias were on the left side, while the most common herniated organs were the stomach (31.8%) and the colon (27.2%). Coexisting injuries were recorded in 38.4% (n=10) of the patients. Primary repair was predominantly used (92.3%). The hospitalisation period was longer in the late-presenting group (24.1±18.8 vs. 14.3±7.7 days). Two deaths occurred in the late-presenting group. Diaphragmatic hernia should be suspected in all blunt abdominal trauma patients. Prompt surgical repair is the treatment of choice in all traumatic diaphragmatic hernias.     

Minimally invasive repair of traumatic right-sided diaphragmatic hernia with delayed diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic diaphragmatic hernias are a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to variable presentations. Early repair is important because of risks of incarceration and strangulation of abdominal contents along with respiratory and cardiovascular compromise. Minimally invasive techniques have been useful for diagnosis and treatment of diaphragmatic hernias in both blunt and penetrating trauma. METHOD: We present the case of a 54-year-old victim of a motor vehicle crash who presented with a delayed diagnosis of a right-sided traumatic diaphragmatic hernia. By using a 4-port technique and intracorporeal suturing, the hernia was repaired. This case highlights the difficulties associated with diagnosing diaphragmatic hernias and the role of minimally invasive techniques to repair them. CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive surgical techniques are being increasingly used to both diagnose and repair traumatic diaphragmatic injuries with excellent results.     

Acute abdomen due to a right-sided strangulated traumatic diaphragmatic hernia. Case report

Traumatic rupture of diaphragm is sometimes diagnosed many years after the traumatic event. Due to the silent nature of diaphragmatic injuries, the diagnosis is easily missed or difficult. We describe a rare case of right diaphragmatic hernia, in which the diagnosis was made many years after the trauma. The incidence of right diaphragmatic hernia is about 11-14% of all diaphragmatic hernias. The patient showed acute hernia of the small intestine and was treated with resection of the intestinal loop and repair of breakthrough by suture. The diagnosis was made with a standard X-ray of thorax and abdomen. CT scan and NMR give more accurate information in these cases. The surgical repair is the treatment of choice in all traumatic diaphragmatic hernias.     

创伤性膈疝25例临床诊治体会

目的总结创伤性膈疝的临床诊断和早期治疗的经验,为减少误诊、漏诊及提高治愈率提供参考。方法对25例创伤性膈疝患者的临床资料与治疗经验进行总结分析,21例于伤后24 h内就诊,3例于伤后48h就诊;1例CT检查发现空腔脏器疝入胸腔,追问病史,2年前有外伤史。术前均完善胸片、胸腹部CT和胸腹部B超检查,术前均获确诊,确诊率100%。采用经胸手术14例,经腹手术8例,胸腹联合切口3例。疝内容物为肝3例,脾6例,胃7例,大网膜4例,结肠2例,其他3例。同时行肝修补术3例,行脾切除术6例,行胃肠破裂修补术13例。结果术中发现左侧膈疝23例,右侧膈疝2例。膈肌呈线性破裂20例,呈不规则破裂5例。膈肌破裂长度平均为7.6(4～16)cm。治愈23例,死亡2例,病死率8%。23例均获随访,平均随访时间28.5(6～40)个月,未见膈疝复发。结论创伤性膈疝多发生于严重胸腹部损伤,缺乏特异性临床表现,一经确诊应尽早手术治疗。修补膈肌裂口,及时正确地处理合并脏器伤是提高治愈率,降低死亡率的关键。     

Diaphragmatic hernia: an uncommon cause of dyspepsia.

Adult onset diaphragmatic hernia is a rare condition with variable clinical manifestations. The majority of adult-onset diaphragmatic hernia is associated with trauma. Blunt thoracic and abdominal trauma associated with a 5% to 7% incidence of diaphragmatic injury, and in 3% to 15% for those with penetrating injury. These injuries may be left unrecognized when they occur but often are uncovered months later during work up for related symptoms. Prompt diagnosis and surgical repair is recommended by most authorities. Traditionally, diaphragmatic hernia is repaired by laparotomy or thoracotomy, or both. Herein, we report a case of adult onset diaphragmatic hernia presented with dyspepsia that was successfully repaired via laparoscopy. Operative approach and technique of diaphragmatic defect closure is elucidated.     

Surgical management of diaphragmatic injuries

Background Traumatic diaphragmatic lesions have variable presentations and need a high index of suspicion to be diagnosed in the acute phase. Delayed diagnosis is frequently associated with considerable comorbidity. Material and Methods The present retrospective study aims to evaluate the radiological findings and discuss the surgical approach for the repair of the injured diaphragm. This study includes fifteen cases with diaphragmatic injuries, which were surgically managed between 1994 and 2005. Injuries resulted from violent blunt trauma in twelve patients and three patients had penetrating injuries. Patients presented with hypotension, respiratory insufficiency, acute abdomen and hemothorax. Preoperative diagnosis was established in 12/15 (80%) patients depending on the clinical and the chest skiagram findings. Intra-operative diagnosis was made in the rest. Injuries were more common on the left side (11/15, 73.33%). All these patients underwent repair of the defect by direct closure in double layer using monofilament polypropylene suture. In addition, laparotomy was performed in four patients who had liver and spleen injury. Concomitant procedures included lobectomy, segmentectomy, repair of lung laceration, spleenectomy, spleenorraphy, repair of gastric perforation, intestinal perforation and mesenteric tear. Results One patient died (1/15, 6.66%) of associated injuries. Two patients with major liver injuries had prolonged drainage and repeated subdiaphragmatic collections. Conclusions Associated lesions particularly influence the outcome after traumatic lesions of the diaphragm. Surgical exploration is mandatory whenever diaphragmatic injuries are suspected. Right-sided injuries are best exposed and managed through the right thoracotomy. Direct suture is effective in preventing future specific complications.