转录因子Atf3在妊娠期大鼠胰岛中的表达及其意义

目的:探讨Atf3在大鼠妊娠期胰岛β细胞中的表达及其对体外催乳素作用下INS-1细胞增殖的影响.方法:运用RT-PCR,Real-time PCR和Western blotting检测大鼠妊娠期Atf3 mRNA及蛋白的表达;MTF法测定不同浓度催乳素作用下INS-1细胞的增殖情况;RT-PCR检测催乳素作用不同时间后INS-1细胞Atf3 mRNA的表达;Western blotting检测相应蛋白表达.结果:与正常未孕组相比,孕10.5天组Atf3 mRNA表达明显增强,孕14.5天时降至正常未孕组水平.Atf3蛋白在孕期表达亦呈一过性增强,于孕10.5天达高峰.体外不同浓度催乳素(50～1 000 ng/mb作用24 h后,INS-1细胞增殖显著增加,且呈浓度依赖性.200 ng/ml催乳素作用3 h,Aft3 mRNA表达开始增加,6 h达高峰,其后又复降低;蛋白表达则从6 h开始上调,12 h显著增加,一直持续至24 h.结论:转录因子Atf3在大鼠妊娠期表达一过性增强,且时相上早于胰岛增殖的高峰(孕14.5天),提示它可能与胰岛再生相关.另外,催乳素可促进INS-1细胞增殖,并伴随Atf3表达的相应增加,提示Atf3在催乳素介导的细胞增殖效应中发挥重要作用,且于早期即启动.     

慢性间歇性缺氧条件下大鼠胰岛功能与mTOR通路相关蛋白表达的变化

目的:探讨慢性间歇性低氧(chronic intermittent hypoxia,CIH)条件下哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)及相关通路激活对大鼠胰岛β细胞增殖的影响及可能机制?方法:24只成年雄性SD大鼠按随机数字法平均分为两组?CIH组通过低氧舱造模,低氧条件(60 S/N2,60 S/空气,交替充入,保证舱内氧气浓度在5%~21%之间波动,每天8:30~16:30,共35 d)?酶联免疫法检测两组血糖?血清胰岛素水平并计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)和β细胞胰岛素分泌功能(HOMA-β)?口服葡萄糖法检测两组大鼠糖耐量,免疫荧光法检测胰岛β细胞增殖情况,免疫印迹法检测胰腺组织mTOR及通路相关蛋白指标表达?结果:与对照组相比,CIH组大鼠空腹血糖?血清胰岛素水平及胰岛素抵抗指数升高(P < 0.01);葡萄糖耐量?胰岛β细胞功能降低(P < 0.05);ki67染色阳性的β细胞约增加了5倍;胰腺组织mTOR通路相关蛋白激活?结论:CIH条件下大鼠发生胰岛素抵抗?葡萄糖耐量降低?胰岛β细胞功能下降,而mTOR相关通路的激活可能在胰岛β细胞增殖中发挥作用?     

五味子油对链脲佐菌素诱导的2型糖尿病大鼠血糖的影响

目的 研究五味子油对链脲佐菌素诱导的2型糖尿病大鼠血糖、胰岛细胞形态及功能影响。方法 高脂饲料联合2次ip小剂量链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型。糖尿病大鼠每天分别ig五味子油0.25、0.5、1.0 mg/kg,连续给药6周后检测大鼠空腹血糖、血清胰岛素水平;HE染色法观察大鼠胰腺病理形态学改变;免疫组织化学方法检测大鼠胰腺细胞胰岛素的表达;RT-PCR法检测大鼠胰腺组织胰岛素和胰十二指肠同源盒因子（PDX-1）mRNA表达水平。结果 五味子油可显著降低糖尿病大鼠的血糖水平,其高剂量组可使血糖恢复至正常水平;提高胰岛素分泌水平,显著提高胰岛素敏感指数,改善胰岛素抵抗;可减轻糖尿病大鼠胰腺病理学改变,使变小的胰岛体积增大、胰岛β细胞数目增多、胰岛素表达提高;还可提高糖尿病大鼠胰腺组织胰岛素和PDX-1 mRNA表达水平。结论 五味子油可以改善2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗,减轻胰岛β细胞的损伤,增加β细胞数量,改善β细胞的功能缺陷,提高胰岛素的分泌量,增加胰岛素和PDX-1 mRNA表达,从而产生降血糖作用。     

氧化应激与β细胞脂性凋亡关系及机制研究

目的:观察长期高脂饮食对大鼠胰岛β细胞凋亡影响,探讨氧化应激相关因子及基因表达与β细胞脂性凋亡关系及可能机制.方法:41只SD雄性大鼠随机分为高脂饲料喂养的肥胖组(n=21)和普通饲料喂养的正常对照组(n=20),喂养28周后,检测血浆及胰腺组织中的丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)浓度;静脉葡萄糖耐量试验评价早相胰岛素分泌反应(AIR);TUNEL法观察胰岛β细胞凋亡情况并计数每个胰岛中β细胞凋亡率;采用荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)比较两组大鼠胰岛细胞解偶联蛋白-2(UCP-2)mRNA表达的情况.结果:28周时高脂饲养组血浆及胰腺组织中MDA高于正常饲养组(P<0 05),而高脂饲养组血浆及胰腺组织中GSH低于正常饲养组(P<0 01).与基础值比较,高脂饲养组糖负荷后胰岛素增高的幅度低于正常饲养组(3 0倍vs 5 7倍,P<0 05).高脂饲养组1 min后血糖浓度下降缓慢,3、5、10 min血糖水平均高于正常饲养组(P<0 05).高脂饲养组胰岛β细胞凋亡率比正常饲养组增加40 0%(P<0 01).高脂饲养组胰岛细胞UCP-2基因mRNA表达与正常饲养组相比升高22 4%(P<0 01).结论:高脂喂养28周后SD大鼠胰岛β细胞凋亡率明显增加,血浆及胰岛细胞中MDA升高、GSH降低, 而且胰岛细胞UCP-2基因mRNA表达升高,提示氧化应激可能参与了高脂引起的β细胞脂性凋亡.     

知母醇提物对INS-1胰岛β细胞功能的影响

目的 研究知母醇提物对正常和抵抗INS-1胰岛β细胞的增殖及分泌功能的影响,探讨知母醇提物对正常细胞的毒性影响以及对胰岛素抵抗细胞的改善作用.方法 采用MTT法测定知母醇提物对正常INS-1胰岛B细胞的增殖作用;知母醇提物干预正常细胞及胰岛素抵抗INS-l胰岛β细胞,分为溶媒组(ME)、胰岛素分泌模型组(MC)、胰岛素抵抗组(IR)、阳性药格列本脲组(Gli)和罗格列酮组(ROZ)及知母醇提物组,测定各组基础胰岛素分泌(BIS)和葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌(GSIS)值.结果 知母醇提物质量浓度在0.3～ 30 μg/mL时对正常细胞有明显的增殖作用,与MC组的GSIS比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与IR组的BIS和GSIS比较,知母醇提物浓度在3～ 30 μg/mL能显著促进细胞的BIS能力,同时其质量浓度在0.3 ～ 30 μg/mL能显著性促进GSIS功能.结论 知母醇提物在一定浓度范围内对正常INS-1胰岛β细胞的毒性较低,同时能通过促进正常细胞的增殖,增强其胰岛素分泌能力,改善细胞自身的胰岛素抵抗.     

宫内缺氧对成年大鼠胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞功能的影响

目的研究宫内慢性缺氧对成年大鼠胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞功能的影响。方法SD孕鼠16只随机分为对照组和宫内慢性缺氧组。观察子鼠生长发育状况,于12周龄每窝随机选取雄性子鼠各1只,采用稳态模式评估胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）;胰腺切片H-E染色观察胰岛形态;免疫组织化学染色及图像分析检测胰岛中胰岛素、Bcl-2、Bax、NF-κB表达。结果宫内慢性缺氧组子鼠出生时及12周龄胰腺质量／体质量比值明显低于对照组;成年大鼠HOMA-IR明显高于对照组;胰岛多数增生肥大;胰岛胰岛素的表达明显减弱;胰岛Bax、NF-κB的表达高于对照组,Bcl-2的表达差异无统计学意义。结论宫内慢性缺氧可导致子代大鼠胰腺发育受损;大鼠成年后存在胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞功能障碍,后者可能与胰岛β细胞胰岛素抵抗、凋亡增加有关。     

老龄SD大鼠胰岛β细胞形态功能研究

目的观察3组不同月龄SD大鼠糖脂代谢指标变化,了解在基础及葡萄糖刺激下胰岛β细胞胰岛素分泌、结构变化与老龄糖耐量减退的关系,探讨老龄糖耐量受损的机制。方法采用免疫组化、细胞体视学、透视电镜等方法观察5~6、11~12、20~24月龄SD大鼠胰岛及胰岛β细胞形态及胰岛素分泌水平;将胰岛β细胞分离后与两种不同质量浓度的葡萄糖培养,观察葡萄糖刺激下老龄大鼠β细胞胰岛素分泌水平。结果20~24月龄大鼠体质量、空腹血糖及血脂水平有增高;11~12、20~24月龄大鼠血清中游离脂肪酸(FFA)水平显著增高;对葡萄糖刺激出现峰值降低、达峰时间延迟;胰岛β细胞体积增大和细胞内胰岛素分泌量减少。老龄胰岛β细胞内线粒体和内质网肿胀,空泡变性。从11~12月龄大鼠开始,胰腺中平均胰岛面积随着年龄的增加而减少;但每个胰岛中平均胰岛β细胞的面积比例却有增加。结论老龄鼠在空腹血糖正常时即已具备胰岛素抵抗的某些特征;老龄大鼠胰岛β细胞虽然有面积比例增大,但β细胞基础和葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌功能减低。提示一旦糖代谢受损出现糖尿病,应尽早考虑胰岛素治疗同时改善胰岛素抵抗。     

mTOR介导的CIH大鼠胰岛β细胞增殖机制研究

目的：探讨慢性间歇性低氧（chronic intermittent hypoxia, CIH）条件下哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mammalian target of Rapamycin, mTOR）及相关通路激活对大鼠胰岛β细胞增殖的影响及可能机制。 方法：24只成年雄性SD大鼠按随机数字法平均分为二组。CIH组通过低氧舱中造模,低氧条件（60S/N2,60S/空气,交替充入,保证舱内氧气浓度在5%-21%之间波动,每天8:30~16：30,共35天）。酶联免疫法检测两组血糖、血清胰岛素水平并计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）和β细胞胰岛素分泌功能（HOMA-β）。口服葡萄糖法检测两组大鼠糖耐量,免疫荧光法检测胰岛β细胞增殖情况,免疫印迹法检测胰腺组织mTOR及通路相关蛋白指标表达。 结果：与对照组相比,CIH组大鼠空腹血糖、血清胰岛素水平及胰岛素抵抗指数升高;葡萄糖耐量及胰岛β细胞功能降低;胰岛β细胞增殖明显,胰腺组织mTOR通路相关蛋白指标表达升高。 结论：CIH条件下大鼠发生胰岛素抵抗、葡萄糖耐量降低、胰岛β细胞功能下降,同时CIH通过激活mTOR相关通路诱导胰岛β细胞增殖从而发挥机体对氧化应激的保护作用。     

细胞凋亡和线粒体凋亡途径在糖脂毒性导致胰岛β细胞功能衰竭中的作用

目的 探讨糖脂毒性引起高脂肥胖大鼠胰岛β细胞功能障碍的可能机制.方法 将高脂肥胖雄性Wistar大鼠18只分为3组.对照组6只经颈静脉插管输入生理盐水;高游离脂肪酸组(FFA组)6只输入脂肪乳+肝素:高糖高FFA组(GS-FFA组)6只输入葡萄糖液及脂肪乳+肝素.输注持续时间48 h.于输液前及输液结束时经颈动脉采血测定血β-羟丁酸(β-HBA)水平.输液结束后,采用静脉葡萄糖耐量试验(PCGTT)评价3组动物胰岛B细胞分泌功能.IVGTT后处死动物,留取胰尾组织病理标本,采用TLFNEL技术检测胰岛细胞凋亡水平,采用免疫组化技术测定胰岛细胞Cvt C、凋亡诱导因子、caspase-9和caspase-3表达水平.结果 (1)静脉输液结束时,3组大鼠血β-HBA水平均较基础值升高,其中GS-FFA组血p-HBA生成显著增加(P<0.05).(2)GS-FFA组大鼠ⅣGTT时胰岛素分泌指数(AI/AG)较对照组、FFA组明显减低(P<0.05).(3)3组大鼠中,GS.FFA组胰岛细胞凋亡比例显著增加(P<0.05),同时GS-FFA组胰岛细胞CytC、凋亡诱导因子、caspase-9及caspase-3表达水平显著增高(P相似文献   

大鼠胚胎发育后期胰腺中Mesothelin的表达

目的: 探讨大鼠胰腺胚胎发育后期胰岛形成及β细胞功能完善相关的基因表达调控. 方法:采用高密度寡核苷酸芯片(Affymetrix芯片)对孕15.5(E15.5)和E18.5胰腺进行基因转录水平分析并用RT-PCR验证基因在大鼠胰腺E12.5,E15.5,E18.5,初生和成年这五个不同发育时期的表达情况. 结果:在差异或特异表达的基因中与胰腺细胞分化相关的转录因子和信号分子表达均下调,而与胰岛结构形成及β细胞代谢功能完善相关的基因表达上调,其中细胞黏附分子Mesothelin是在E18.5特异表达的基因,RT-PCR亦显示Mesothelin在大鼠胰腺胚胎发育后期特异性高表达. 结论: Mesothelin可能对胰岛结构的形成和功能的完善及维持有重要作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.