矢状窦、镰旁脑膜瘤显微手术治疗(附28例报告)

目的探讨矢状窦、镰旁脑膜瘤显微手术治疗策略和疗效。方法 28例矢状窦、镰旁脑膜瘤患者行显微手术治疗,并进行回顾性总结,分析临床表现、影像学改变、显微手术及其疗效。结果按照Simpson切除分级标准,Ⅰ级切除12例,Ⅱ级切除16例,无手术后死亡病例。随访0.5～6年,5例复发。结论显微外科技术治疗矢状窦、镰旁脑膜瘤是一种安全有效的方法,争取SimpsonⅠ级切除是预防脑膜瘤术后复发的有效措施。     

矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗

目的 报道矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的显微手术的临床疗效。方法 回顾性总结应用显微手术切除20例矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的临床资料，根据肿瘤大小、位置决定完整或分块切除，妥善处理供血动脉及受累的矢状窦，注意保护中央沟静脉。结果 按Simpson切除分级标准，Ⅰ级切除11例（55％），Ⅱ级切除5例（25％），Ⅲ级切除4例（20％），无手术死亡。结论 显微手术治疗矢状窦旁脑膜瘤是一种安全、有效的方法。     

中央区矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗

目的探讨中央区矢状窦旁脑膜瘤手术的技巧。方法应用显微手术治疗中央区矢状窦旁脑膜瘤32例。利用肿瘤与脑组织之间的蛛网膜界面,囊内或分块切除肿瘤,注意保护中央沟静脉、其他引流静脉和正常脑组织,妥善处理受累的矢状窦。结果SimpsonⅠ级切除17例(53.1%),Ⅱ级切除11例(34.4%),Ⅲ级切除4例(12.5%)。无手术死亡。并发症:脑水肿及梗死2例,予手术减压;10例术后偏瘫加重,其中8例1~6周逐渐恢复,2例一侧肢体不全瘫痪。术后21例随访3个月~5年,2例Ⅱ级切除、2例Ⅲ级切除者术后1~3年复发。结论充分的术前影像学评估,采用显微外科技术切除中央区矢状窦旁脑膜瘤,处理矢状窦,避免脑皮质、中央沟静脉和其他引流静脉的损伤,是提高矢状窦旁脑膜瘤手术全切率和手术疗效的重要因素。     

显微手术治疗矢状窦旁脑膜瘤27例临床分析

目的探讨显微手术治疗矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的效果。方法对术前经影像学检查显示肿瘤位于矢状窦旁的27例患者均行显微手术治疗。结果本组无手术死亡病例。按Simpson切除标准,Ⅰ级切除18例,Ⅱ级切除7例,Ⅲ级切除2例。术后病理诊断为良性脑膜瘤。术后随访6个月~2 a,其中25例恢复正常工作、学习和生活。2例遗留轻微偏瘫,随访期内未出现复发病例,患者均基本恢复正常生活或工作能力。结论显微手术治疗矢状窦旁脑膜瘤不仅肿瘤全切率高,且重要功能区损伤和并发症少,患者术后生存质量恢复好。     

矢状窦旁脑膜瘤22例显微手术治疗

目的 :分析总结矢状窦旁脑膜瘤显微手术治疗的方法及要点。方法 :经病理检查证实的矢状窦旁脑膜瘤 2 2例 ,男 10例 ,女 12例 ,年龄 2 1～ 68岁 ,平均年龄 42岁。肿瘤位于矢状窦旁左侧 9例 ,右侧 11例 ,同时累及双侧者 2例 ,位于矢状窦前 1/ 3者 4例 ,中 1/ 3者 15例 ,后 1/ 3者 3例。肿瘤大小 3～ 6.8cm。结果 :采用显微手术治疗 ,按Simpson切除分极标准 :Ⅰ级切除 6例 ,Ⅱ级切除 12例 ,Ⅲ级切除 4例 ,无手术死亡及新的神经功能障碍。随访 6月～ 5年未见肿瘤复发。结论 :显微外科技术损伤小能很好地保留神经功能 ,肿瘤切除可达SimpsonⅠ～Ⅱ级。     

矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的显微手术切除

目的：与传统的手术方法比较，显微手术提高了矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的全切除率。方法：采用显微手术方法治疗２０例矢状窦旁脑膜瘤，按Ｓｉｍｐｓｏｍ切除分级标准Ⅰ级１４例，Ⅱ级６例。结果：本组无手术死亡，１２例经６个月～９年随访，无肿瘤复发。结论：采用显微外科技术，可有效地防止矢状窦、中央沟静脉及其他脑重要功能区的损伤，提高了肿瘤的全切除率。     

上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤显微手术38例

目的 报道应用显微外科技术进行切除上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的方法及临床效果。方法 采用矢状窦旁或跨矢状窦手术入路，直视下应用显微手术方法，完整切除肿瘤，注意保护中央沟静脉，确切保证上矢状窦的通畅。结果 临床上共进行手术38例，其中Ⅰ级切除30例，Ⅱ级切除8例，无手术死亡，无特殊并发症发生。28例经6个月-6年随访，无肿瘤复发。结论 应用显微外科技术进行上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤切除，能提高肿瘤的全切除率，保护矢状窦、中央沟静脉和重要脑功能区，提高病人的生存率和生存质量。     

矢状窦旁巨大脑膜瘤显微外科切除术

目的报道应用显微外科技术切除矢状窦旁巨大脑膜瘤的方法及临床效果。方法采用矢状窦旁或跨矢状窦手术入路应用显微外科手术结合捆绑牵引方法，完整切除巨大脑膜瘤并注意保护中央沟静脉和上矢状窦通畅。结果手术治疗直径5—10cm以上脑膜瘤26例，其中Ⅰ级切除20例，Ⅱ级切除5例，Ⅲ级切除1例，无手术死亡和特殊并发症发生。24例经1—5年随访，无肿瘤复发。结论应用显微外科技术切除矢状窦旁巨大脑膜瘤能明显提高手术全切率和减少手术出血，缩短手术时间，有效防止矢状窦及中央沟静脉损伤，减少脑组织牵拉，保护重要脑功能区和提高病人术后生存质量。     

矢状窦旁及大脑镰旁脑膜瘤的显微外科手术

目的探讨矢状窦旁及大脑镰旁脑膜瘤的显微外科手术方法及临床效果。方法采用手术显微镜直视下肿瘤囊内切除矢状窦旁及大脑镰旁脑膜瘤23例。结果21例获手术全切除，2例双侧巨大镰旁及窦旁脑膜瘤因患者年龄大，一般情况差，不能耐受长时间手术，先行一侧肿瘤全切除，另一侧肿瘤行二期手术切除，无手术死亡。术后随访平均22个月，除1例患者家属不同意二期手术外，其余病例均恢复正常生活，未见肿瘤复发。结论选择适当的手术入路和显微外科技术及方法，可最大限度地减轻对脑和血管的损伤，避免手术死亡，提高临床效果。     

中央回区矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗

目的 提高中央回区矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的手术效果。方法 应用显微手术治疗中央回区矢状窦旁脑膜瘤20例，术前行DSA检查16例，了解肿瘤的血供、矢状窦通畅程度及瘤周静脉回流代偿情况，采取先阻断窦旁供血，然后囊内或分块切除肿瘤，注意保护中央沟静脉、其他代偿回流静脉及瘤周正常脑组织，妥善处理受累的矢状窦。结果 肿瘤全切除17例，近全切除3例，无手术死亡，术后遗有左侧轻偏瘫1例，双下肢轻瘫2例。13例术后随访3—7年，无肿瘤复发。结论 采用显微手术切除中央回区矢状窦旁脑膜瘤可提高肿瘤全切除率，减少脑重要功能区的损伤，减少并发症，提高患者术后生存质量。     

Resection of a Recurrent Parasagittal Meningioma with Cortical Vein Anastomosis: Technical Note

Background

Simpson Grade I resection of parasagittal meningiomas is not always feasible because of the involvement of the sagittal sinus and cortical veins. Complete resection requires reconstruction of the sagittal sinus and cortical veins. This report describes a surgical technique to preserve patency of the cortical veins.

Case Report

A recurrent parasagittal meningioma completely occupied the superior sagittal sinus and encased several large cortical veins. The tumor in the sagittal sinus was totally resected and the roof of the sinus was sutured. To avoid thrombotic cortical vein occlusion, two cortical veins encased by the meningioma were anastomosed end-to-end, regardless of their flow directions. The postsurgical course was uneventful and patency of the anastomosed veins was confirmed by postoperative angiography.

Conclusions

End-to-end anastomosis of cortical veins was a useful surgical technique for radical resection of a parasagittal meningioma.     

神经内镜辅助眶上锁孔入路切除鞍结节脑膜瘤

目的总结内镜辅助下经眶上锁孔入路显微手术切除鞍结节脑膜瘤的手术效果。方法13例鞍结节脑膜瘤采用眶上锁孔入路,先在显微镜直视下切除部分肿瘤,再在内镜辅助下切除残余肿瘤。结果肿瘤全切除12例（SimpsonⅠ级切除2例,Ⅱ级切除10例）,次全切除1例（SimpsonⅢ级切除）。11例术后随访3个月～6年,平均2.3年,〈1年恢复正常工作和生活9例,术后2年肿瘤复发1例,1年后恢复生活自理1例。结论内镜辅助下眶上锁孔入路切除鞍结节脑膜瘤克服了显微镜直视下的盲区,并发症少,创伤小,效果满意。     

眶上微骨窗入路显微手术切除鞍上脑膜瘤

目的 介绍经眶上微骨窗入路切除鞍上脑膜瘤的显微外科技术和经验.方法 经眉内小切口5例,经翼点入路16例,采用眶上约3.5 cm×2.5 cm小骨窗开颅,显微外科技术切除鞍上脑膜瘤21例,肿瘤最大径2.8～6.2 cm,回顾分析其临床资料.结果 所有肿瘤显露良好,Simpson Ⅰ级切除5例,Simpson Ⅱ级切除15例,Simpson Ⅲ级切除1例.无手术死亡及严重并发症,术前视力障碍患者术后均有不同程度改善.术后随访6个月至5年,平均3.8年,影像学上肿瘤残留1例.结论 眶上微骨窗入路可替代传统额下或翼点入路切除鞍上脑膜瘤并具有手术创伤小、术后恢复快等优点.     

Meningiomas infiltrating the superior sagittal sinus: surgical considerations of 328 cases

The aim of the study was to discuss our management strategy and results of patients affected by meningiomas infiltrating the superior sagittal sinus. We describe 328 patients with meningiomas that were infiltrating the superior sagittal sinus. All the patients were surgically treated. Patients with meningioma involving the anterior segment of the sinus underwent total sinus resection. Patients with meningioma that was infiltrating the middle and posterior third of the sinus had a complete sinus removal if the dural sinus was completely obliterated by meningioma and incomplete removal if the sinus was not occluded. The tumour removal was grade I according to Simpson’s grading system in 193 cases and grade II or III in the remainder. The superior longitudinal sinus was totally resected in 215 patients and marginally resected in 113. The tumour reappeared in 38 patients. The number of re-interventions did not affect clinical outcome. The extent of removal significantly influenced the regrowth or recurrence rate. Our results suggest that the risks of aggressive surgery, with sinus reconstruction, may be avoided, and conservative surgery for meningiomas that are infiltrating but not obliterating the superior sagittal sinus may be a reasonable choice.     

神经内镜辅助眶上锁孔入路治疗巨大嗅沟脑膜瘤

目的探讨神经内镜辅助眶上锁孔入路治疗巨大嗅沟脑膜瘤的手术效果及手术技巧。方法采用内镜辅助、眶上锁孔入路（显微手术）治疗12例巨大（≥7cm）嗅沟脑膜瘤。结果肿瘤全切除9例（SimpsonⅠ级切除5例，Ⅱ级切除4例），次全切除（SimpsonⅢ级切除）3例。无手术死亡。10例随访3个月～2年，平均14个月。9例恢复正常生活，1例生活能自理。NRI随访9例，肿瘤无复发。结论利用神经内镜辅助及显微外科技术，采用眶上锁孔入路、对肿瘤进行分块切除治疗巨大嗅沟脑膜瘤，手术创伤小，疗效满意。     

Asterion Meningiomas

Asterion meningiomas arise from the posterior petrous ridge at the junction of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses (sinodural angle). The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of seven patients with asterion meningiomas who underwent a Simpson I tumor resection by either the petrosal or suboccipital approach. Patients presented with headaches, dizziness, ataxia, or seizures. Preoperative angiograms and intraoperative observations confirmed occlusion of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses by tumor, thrombus, or both in four of the patients. In all cases, tumor infiltrated the sinuses and the sinuses were ligated without adverse sequelae. Temporal bone invasion was seen in one patient who had the only tumor recurrence. Postoperatively, there were two transient CSF leaks. Asterion meningiomas can be completely resected with a low incidence of major morbidity. In this small series, a patent transverse/sigmoid sinus was resected in three patients without sequelae. We believe that in young patients with asterion meningiomas a nondominant transverse/sigmoid sinus should be resected if the torcula is patent. More research is needed to determine the safety of resecting a patent dominant transverse/sigmoid sinus.     

Asterion meningiomas

Asterion meningiomas arise from the posterior petrous ridge at the junction of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses (sinodural angle). The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of seven patients with asterion meningiomas who underwent a Simpson I tumor resection by either the petrosal or suboccipital approach. Patients presented with headaches, dizziness, ataxia, or seizures. Preoperative angiograms and intraoperative observations confirmed occlusion of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses by tumor, thrombus, or both in four of the patients. In all cases, tumor infiltrated the sinuses and the sinuses were ligated without adverse sequelae. Temporal bone invasion was seen in one patient who had the only tumor recurrence. Postoperatively, there were two transient CSF leaks. Asterion meningiomas can be completely resected with a low incidence of major morbidity. In this small series, a patent transverse/sigmoid sinus was resected in three patients without sequelae. We believe that in young patients with asterion meningiomas a nondominant transverse/sigmoid sinus should be resected if the torcula is patent. More research is needed to determine the safety of resecting a patent dominant transverse/sigmoid sinus.     

Recurrent meningioma with malignant changes and extracranial multiple metastases

A case of recurrent meningioma with malignant change and extracranial multiple metastases is reported. A 51-year-old female was operated on and left parasagittal meningioma was extirpated by Simpson grade II. Histological diagnosis was fibroblastic and transitional meningioma with slight atypism. Six years later, however, the tumor (transitional meningioma with slight mitosis) recurred in the same portion and was removed again by Simpson grade II. Further more, four years after the second operation, bilateral parasagittal meningioma (atypical meningioma; transitional type) was extirpated by Simpson grade I including superior sagittal sinus and falx. Only eight months after the last operation, a few tumors with central necrosis were demonstrated in the bilateral parasagittal area on a computerized tomography scan and she received radiation therapy. But the tumor had metastasized to the extracranial multiple organs including lungs, liver, pancreas, adrenal gland, muscles, multiple bones and lymph nodes. Post mortem diagnosis was malignant meningioma. We reviewed and discussed the characteristics of metastasizing meningioma, the effectiveness of radiation therapy on the prevention of recurrence of meningioma and the curative effect of radiation therapy for recurrent or metastasized meningioma.     

Meningiomas of the transverse--sigmoid sinus junction area

Meningiomas with exclusive or prevalent dural attachment over the transverse-sigmoid sinus junction area represent a well-defined subgroup of posterior fossa meningiomas. This study reports 13 cases of this localisation (10.8% of all infratentorial meningiomas). In this series, six patients (46%) were discovered as an incidental MR finding. One patient with a small (1.5?cm) meningioma presented with an intracranial hypertension syndrome due to severe obstruction of the unique transverse-sigmoid sinus junction. A MR angiography was performed in 11 patients; it showed intraluminal tumour in two cases with dominant and unique transverse sinus, respectively. Tumour removal with excision of the outer dural layer and coagulation of the dural attachment (Simpson II) was performed in 11 cases; in two others with focal sinus invasion, removal of the small intravenous tumour fragment was not performed (Simpson III). No post-operative complications occurred. Remission of pre-operative symptoms was obtained in all symptomatic cases. The management of the transverse-sigmoid sinus junction is the main problem of meningiomas of this region. Excision of the outer dural layer and coagulation of the dural attachment are in our opinion sufficient in most cases, even when there is tumour invasion of the patent venous lumen. The resection of the sinus wall should be reserved to cases with a totally obstructed segment and symmetrical or asymmetrical but present transverse and sigmoid sinuses.