不同补充乳酸亚铁方法对大鼠骨髓造血机能的影响

目的比较不同方式大剂量补充乳酸亚铁对大鼠骨髓造血机能的影响。方法刚断乳的雌性Wistar大鼠,用铁缺乏饲料喂养至血红蛋白低于100g/L。选择50只大鼠,按血红蛋白含量和体重随机分为5组,分别为铁缺乏对照组、每日小剂量补铁组、每周1次小剂量补铁组、每日大剂量补铁组、每周1次大剂量补铁组。补充期12周。实验结束时,取大鼠的腹主动脉血进行全血细胞分析。取股骨骨髓,涂片染色,观察骨髓细胞形态学变化。结果补充组大鼠外周血血红蛋白、平均血细胞容积、平均血细胞血红蛋白含量显著高于铁缺乏对照组。补充组及对照组大鼠的骨髓有核细胞表现均为增生活跃或增生明显活跃,组间骨髓有核细胞增生程度无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论4种方式补充乳酸亚铁,大鼠的铁营养状况均得到显著改善;每日大剂量补充或每周1次大剂量补充乳酸亚铁3个月,并未发现有损骨髓的造血机能。     

不同补充乳酸亚铁方法对大鼠骨髓可染色铁的影响

目的比较4种方法补充乳酸亚铁对大鼠骨髓可染色铁的影响。方法刚断乳的雌性Wistar大鼠,用铁缺乏饲料喂养至血红蛋白低于100g/L。选择50只大鼠,按血红蛋白含量和体重随机分为五组,分别为铁缺乏对照组、每日小剂量补铁组、每周一次小剂量补铁组、每日大剂量补铁组、每周一次大剂量补铁组。补充期12周。实验结束时,取股骨骨髓,涂片染色,观察骨髓细胞内外可染色铁的状况。结果补充组大鼠骨髓细胞内外可染色铁含量显著高于铁缺乏对照组(P<0.05),每日大剂量补充组大鼠骨髓细胞内外可染色铁含量显著高于其他3个补充组(P<0.05)。结论4种补充方式大鼠的铁营养状况均得到显著改善。     

四种方法补充富马酸亚铁改善大鼠铁营养状况比较

目的通过动物实验,比较4种不同方式补充富马酸铁对大鼠铁营养状况的影响。方法刚断乳的雌性Wistar大鼠,用铁缺乏饲料(<10mg铁/kg饲料)喂养至血红蛋白低于100g/L。选择50只大鼠,按血红蛋白含量和体重随机分为铁缺乏对照组(ID)、每日小剂量补铁组(LDs)、每周1次小剂量补铁组(LWs)、每日大剂量补铁组(HDs)、每周1次大剂量补铁组(HWs),每组10只大鼠。补充期为12周。实验结束时,取大鼠的腹主动脉血,测定血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞游离原卟啉(FEP)、血清铁蛋白(SF)、血清铁(SI)、总铁结合力(TIBC)、运铁蛋白饱和度(TS)等。结果补充4周后,HDs或HWs补充组Hb含量升高速度显著高于LDs、LWs补充组。补充8周后,4种补充方式之间Hb、FEP含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。但补充12周后,HDs补充组大鼠的SI、TS、SF含量显著高于HWs、LDs、LWs补充组,HDs补充组的TS接近60%。结论间歇性补铁,短期效果不如每日补铁,但延长补充时间,其改善机体铁营养状况的效果与每日补铁基本相同。     

每日或间歇性大剂量补充硫酸亚铁对大鼠铁营养状况和抗氧化功能的影响

目的:比较不同方式补充硫酸亚铁对大鼠铁营养状况和抗氧化功能的影响。方法:刚断乳的雌性Wistar大鼠,用铁缺乏饲料喂养至血红蛋白(Hb)低于100g/L。按Hb含量和体重随机分为五组,分别为铁缺乏对照组(ID)、每日小剂量补铁组(LDs)、每周一次小剂量补铁组(LWs)、每日大剂量补铁组(HDs)、每周一次大剂量补铁组(HWs),每组10只大鼠。补充期12w。实验结束时,测定大鼠血清铁(SI)、血清铁蛋白(SF)及血清和肝组织匀浆丙二醛(MDA)等含量。结果:各补充组大鼠SI、SF、运铁蛋白饱和度(TS)、肝脏及脾脏铁含量均显著高于对照组,而总铁结合力(TIBC)则显著低于对照组。HDs组和HWs组大鼠SI、TS、SF显著高于LDs、LWs,TIBC显著低于LDs和LWs组(P<0.05)。HDs或HWs组血清和肝脏MDA含量显著高于对照组,LWs组血清MDA含量显著高于对照组,LDs组肝脏MDA含量也显著高于对照组(P<0.05),HDs和HWs组血清和肝脏MDA含量均显著高于LDs、LWs组。结论:每日大剂量补充或每周一次大剂量补充硫酸亚铁3个月,有导致铁过量以及机体脂质过氧化增强的危险。     

铁补充对大鼠肝脏铁与叶酸代谢的影响

目的研究缺铁性贫血时机体内叶酸含量的变化及其与铁补充的关系。方法ＳＤ纯品系雄性断乳大鼠３２只，随机分为铁正常、铁缺乏两组。喂纯合成饲料，铁含量分别为８００μｇ与小于２０μｇ，每日两次定时喂饲。两组模型建立后再各取一半大鼠每日补充铁剂８０００μｇ，同前方式每日两次喂饲；另一半大鼠继续原方案不变，共建立铁正常补铁组、铁缺乏补铁组与铁正常、铁缺乏对照４个组；４个实验组每日饲料叶酸含量均小于１０μｇ。结果铁缺乏影响大鼠的一般生长，体重与血红蛋白含量；肝脏重量与肝内铁含量明显低于正常水平，而叶酸含量明显高于铁正常大鼠。补铁后，铁缺乏大鼠的生长、体重、血红蛋白以及肝脏重量明显改善，肝脏的铁含量迅速增加并超出正常水平。在肝脏铁增加的同时，肝脏组织的叶酸含量明显下降，直至显著低于正常。结论提示铁与叶酸同时缺乏的大鼠在补充大剂量铁剂后导致机体内叶酸含量进一步减少，而铁正常大鼠上述变化不明显。     

硫酸亚铁不同补充方法对大鼠铁营养的影响

研究发现，当大鼠连续接受几次铁剂后，由于肠粘膜铁贮存的增加以及饱和动力学作用，铁的吸收迅速被抑制。采用^59Fe稳定同位索研究发现，间歇性补铁的铁吸收率显高于每日补铁。而且间歇性补充铁剂量小，副作用明显少于每日补铁。本研究以大鼠为模型，采用4种不同的方式补充硫酸亚铁。为探讨一种安全有效的预防控制铁缺乏和缺铁性贫血提供依据。     

间断补铁增加儿童体内铁储存的研究

每周一次间断补铁由于可明显减少服用铁剂频数,同时显著增加机体对所补充铁剂的吸收利用,因此是国内外积极推荐的控制铁缺乏症以及缺铁性贫血的策略之一［１］。本文参照国外近年来评价儿童体内铁储存的模型,研究分析每周一次间断补铁增加儿童体内铁储存的效果。１　对象和方法１．１　对象与补铁方法　天津市蓟县６～３６个月婴幼儿３４８名,随机分为３组,每周组１５４例,每周间断补铁１次,顿服富铁灵（富马酸铁）片剂,按３ｍｇ元素铁／ｋｇ计;每日组１１０例,每日补铁１次顿服,剂量为１ｍｇ元素铁／ｋｇ;对照组８４例,不服用…     

小剂量间断补铁治疗早产儿贫血疗效观察

目的 研究小剂量间断补充铁剂对贫血早产儿的影响.方法 将自2009年11月-2010年11月来本院就诊的贫血早产儿分成隔日补铁组和每日补铁组两组,分别采用小剂量间断补充和常规方法补充铁剂,6周后检测患儿血红蛋白、血清铁蛋白、血清总铁结合力.结果 所有的患儿血红蛋白、血清铁蛋白均不同程度的上升,血清总铁结合力均下降,差异无统计学意义.结论 小剂量和间断补铁可代替常规补铁治疗早产儿贫血.     

间隔补铁对防治孕妇缺铁性贫血效果的评价

目的 :　研究间隔补铁对孕妇缺铁性贫血 (IDA)的防治效果。方法 :　将 1 91名孕中期妇女随机分为对照组、每周补铁组和每日补铁组 ,连续补铁 1 2 w,追踪观察两种补铁方案对孕妇缺铁及缺铁性贫血的防治效果。分别于实验前后测定血红蛋白 (Hb)、全血红细胞压积 (PCV)、血清铁 (SI)、血清铁蛋白 (SF)、红细胞游离原卟啉 (FEP) ,并观察副作用发生情况。结果 :　 1 .两个补铁组实验前后比较 ,主要铁营养指标均有明显改善 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,贫血患病率及铁缺乏率明显降低 (P<0 .0 0 1 ) ;而对照组孕中、晚期妇女的五项铁营养指标均显示 ,铁营养状况随孕期增加而明显下降 ,贫血患病率及铁缺乏率明显上升 ;2 .实验结束时 ,每周补铁组与每日补铁组间血液学反应无显著性差异。结论 :　每周补铁组在防治孕妇 IDA以及改善体内铁营养状况方面取得了与每日补铁组相似的临床效果 ,且节约了铁剂 ,降低了胃肠道副作用发生率 ,更易于被孕妇接受。     

间隔补铁大鼠的肠粘膜铁含量及其生物利用率

雄性SD断奶大鼠32只,随机分为缺铁和铁正常两组。喂纯合成饲料,铁含量分别为0与0.8mg,每日两次喂饲。12天后再各分为每日补铁组与间隔三日补铁组,铁剂量每日与每间隔三日均为8mg,同前方式两次喂饲。于第一次补铁时喂入~(59)Fe 3.7×10~4Bq。18天后杀死大鼠,对十二指肠与小肠各段粘膜铁、肠腔遗留铁及其~(59)Fe(cpm)进行检测,并计算出~(59)Fe利用率。结果表明,每日补铁组肠粘膜与肠腔遗留铁分别为铁正常对照组的8与20倍。~(59)Fe利用率为其1/2。间隔补铁组肠粘膜铁接近铁正常对照组,~(59)Fe利用率为其2倍,肠腔内遗留铁仅为每日补铁组1/5。间隔外铁组补铁剂量小,副作用明显少于每日补铁组,肠粘膜铁吸收与利用比较理想。     

不同方式补充铁对学龄前儿童生长发育和铁营养状况的影响

目的　观察每日补充铁与间歇性补充铁对学龄前儿童生长发育和铁营养状况的影响。方法　选择日托幼儿园 3～ 6岁儿童 35 3名 ,按整群随机的原则按班分为 3组 ,分别为每日补充组 ( 1周 5次 ,周一至周五 ) ,每周补充一次组 ,安慰剂对照组。补充期为 14周。结果　每日补充组和每周补充一次组儿童的血红蛋白和血清铁蛋白含量均显著升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,其中每周补充一次组儿童血红蛋白显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,红细胞游离原卟啉含量显著低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。干预结束后 ,两个补充组儿童的铁缺乏率显著低于对照组 ;每日补充组儿童的体重增长 ( 0 74± 0 5 5 )kg ,显著高于对照组的 ( 0 5 6± 0 5 7)kg。结论　补充多种微量营养素可以改善儿童的生长发育状况。对于铁缺乏较轻的儿童 ,可采用间歇性补充铁替代每日补充铁来改善铁营养状况     

Iron status in exercising women: the effect of oral iron therapy vs increased consumption of muscle foods.

Forty-seven previously sedentary women participating in a 12-wk moderate aerobic-exercise program were randomly assigned to one of four dietary groups: 50-mg/d iron supplement and a low food-iron diet (50 FE + EX), 10-mg/d iron supplement and a low food-iron diet (10 FE + EX), placebo and unrestricted diet (P + EX), and meat supplement and high food-iron diet (M + EX). A sedentary control group (n = 13) received no dietary interventions. Hematocrit, total iron-binding capacity, and hemoglobin, serum iron, serum ferritin, and serum albumin concentrations were measured every 4 wk. Hemoglobin values decreased at the end of 4 wk in all exercising groups compared with the control group. Iron status in the 50 FE + EX and M + EX groups improved after week 4 as indicated by an increase in serum ferritin, serum iron, and hemoglobin concentrations, and a decline in total iron-binding capacity. Thus, short-term, moderate aerobic exercise resulted in compromised iron status that was offset to varying degrees by ingesting iron or meat supplements. However, meat supplements were more effective in protecting hemoglobin and ferritin status than were iron supplements.     

Once-weekly and 5-days a week iron supplementation differentially affect cognitive function but not school performance in Thai children

Many studies have reported comparable hemoglobin response in subjects given intermittent and daily iron supplements. However, the effect of intermittent iron supplementation on impaired cognitive function, one of the serious consequences of iron deficiency among children, has not been studied. We investigated the effects of 1 d/wk (weekly) and 5 d/wk (daily) iron supplementation on changes in results of intelligence quotient (IQ), Thai language, and mathematics tests among Thai primary schoolchildren. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Primary schoolchildren (n = 397) were randomly assigned to receive iron supplements daily or weekly or placebo. Ferrous sulfate (300 mg) or placebo tablets were given under direct observation by the researcher for 16 wk. Changes in IQ, and Thai language and mathematics scores were then compared. The increases in hemoglobin concentration were comparable in the weekly and daily iron supplementation groups but serum ferritin increased more in the children supplemented daily. Children receiving daily iron supplements, however, had a significantly lower increase in IQ (3 +/- 12 points) than those receiving the supplement weekly (6 +/- 12 points) or placebo (6 +/- 12 points), whereas the last-mentioned two groups did not differ. Z-scores of Thai language and mathematics test results did not differ among the groups. We conclude that weekly iron supplementation is the regimen of choice in this study community.     

Iron deficiency in young rats alters the distribution of vitamin A between plasma and liver and between hepatic retinol and retinyl esters.

We assessed whether iron deficiency alters the concentration of vitamin A (VA) in plasma or liver and the chemical distribution between hepatic unesterified and esterified retinol. Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 10/group) were allocated to one of four diet groups: low iron (ID3, 3 mg of elemental iron/kg diet), marginal iron (ID15, 15 mg/kg), control diet food-restricted to the ID3 group (FR, 35 mg/kg), and control diet ad libitum consumption (AD, 35 mg/kg). Both ID3 and FR rats grew less than AD and ID15 rats. At the end of 5.5 wk, plasma retinol concentrations of the ID3 and FR rats were reduced >40% compared to ID15 and AD rats [Kruskal-Wallis test (K-W), P < 0.0042)]. Paradoxically, the hepatic VA concentration was greater in FR rats, with accumulation of more retinyl esters and retinol compared to the other dietary groups. Concentrations of hepatic retinyl esters and retinol did not differ among the other groups, but the molar ratio of hepatic retinyl esters to retinol was greater in ID3 rats (20.1 +/- 1.4) compared to ID15 rats (13.8 +/- 1.6, P = 0.02), AD (11.3 +/- 2.1, P < 0.0042) and FR (9.5 +/- 1.1, P < 0.0042). Iron deficiency may cause changes in liver and plasma VA that are refractory to VA intake, and thus a benefit may be derived from combining iron and VA supplements during nutrition interventions.     

Differences in the effect of iron-deficient diet on tissue weight, hemoglobin concentration and serum triglycerides in Fischer-344, Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats.

This study was designed to examine the differences in the effect of an iron-deficient diet on iron metabolism in Fischer-344 (FC), Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Wistar (WT) rats based on hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), serum iron levels, growth rate and organ weight. Hb concentration was higher in FC rats (14 mg/100 mL) on the initial day than in SD (10) and WT (10) rats. Although the Hb level was significantly decreased in FC rats fed an iron-deficient (ID, 8 mg/kg) diet for 33 d compared to the FC rats fed an iron-adequate (IA, 50 mg/kg) diet, the relative concentration of Hb was high in FC rats fed the ID diet as compared to the SD and WT rats fed the same diet. A similar relationship was detected between Hct and serum iron concentrations. Although serum triglycerides (TG) were significantly increased in each rat strain fed the ID diet as compared to the IA diet, the percentage of the value for the IA diet was lowest in FC rats (119%) fed the ID diet as compared to the SD (328) and WT (394) rats fed the same diet. Retroperitoneal fat pad was decreased in FC, SD and WT rats fed the ID diet as compared to the IA diet. SD rats were particularly sensitive to the reduction of retroperitoneal fat pad. The results suggested that rat strains responded differently to dietary iron inadequacy, and that FC rats were less sensitive to an iron-deficient diet as compared to the SD and WT rats.     

Effect of soybean hull iron on growth, iron bioavailability, and behavioral function in anemic rats induced by iron deficiency during gestation or lactation

Bioavailability of iron in soybean hull was investigated by hemoglobin regeneration efficiency (HRE), body iron status and maze test in rat pups with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) induced by iron deficiency of dams during gestation or lactation (GID or LID group, respectively) and normal pups (N group). The soybean hull repletion diet (SH) and purified control diet (PC) as the experimental diets contained the same amount of iron (35mg/kg diet) and the pups in each group were divided into two subgroups by diet sources. The normal (N-SH), gestation iron deficiency (GID-SH), lactation iron deficiency (LID-SH) groups fed SH were significantly higher in food intake and growth than each of their respective control groups (N-PC, GID-PC, LID-PC) fed PC. After the feeding, hemoglobin concentrations approached normal value in all groups, but HRE were significantly higher with SH irrespective of iron deficient period. IDA rats in either lactation or gestation, when compared to normal rats, resulted in lower serum iron and transferrin saturation. Iron concentrations in both liver and spleen were significantly lower in LID-PC group than LID-SH and N-PC groups. The maze test showed a learning defect in either LID group, but GID groups were not significantly different in comparison with N groups. These results suggest that IDA in lactation may influence more serious growth and development than those in gestation, soybean hull iron has the higher bioavailability in normal and IDA-induced rats, and thus soybean hull is effective as source of iron supplement.     

Iron status and stores decline with age in Lewis rats

In the context of a larger study examining the interaction of vitamin A (VA) status and age on immune function, we examined age-related changes in hematologic and iron status variables in male Lewis rats. Animals were fed a nutritionally adequate purified diet containing either 0.35 (marginal), 4.0 (control) or 50 (supplemented) mg retinol equivalents (as retinyl palmitate) per kg of diet from the time of weaning until killing at 8-10 (middle-aged) or 20-22 (old) mo of age. Neither VA nor VA and age interaction effects were significant for most iron variables examined. After controlling for body weight, old rats had significantly lower hemoglobin, hematocrit and plasma iron than middle-aged rats. This decrease in hematologic and transport iron variables was not accompanied by a shift of iron into other storage compartments. Old rats also had significantly lower total iron content and iron concentration in liver, spleen and bone marrow. Hemosiderin iron in marrow smears correlated significantly (r = 0.43-0.76, P: < 0.05) with chemical estimates of iron in storage, transport and functional pools. Old rats also tended to have less stained iron in femur marrow smears. Thus, body iron in functional, transport and storage compartments, namely the liver, spleen and bone marrow, were significantly lower in old than in middle-aged rats. Although iron stores and status are usually considered to increase with advancing age, our data show a consistent pattern of lower hematologic and storage iron variables in old than in middle-aged Lewis rats. Future research is indicated to understand the biology and functional consequences of the observed age-associated decline in body iron.     

孕期铁营养不良对成年大鼠血脂与脂质过氧化影响的实验研究

目的:通过建立大鼠孕期铁营养不良模型探讨孕期低铁干预对成年大鼠脂质过氧化及血脂的影响。方法:将健康Wistar雌性大鼠随机分为二组,实验组(即低铁组)饲喂低铁饲料(含铁7.4 mg/kg);对照组饲喂加铁饲料(含铁274 mg/kg)。与健康成年Wistar雄鼠同笼交配2周(即孕1周)后,开始铁干预至子鼠出生后23周时转至普通颗粒饲料喂养即铁平衡期,持续8个月测定大鼠血浆甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、脂蛋白a[LP(a)]、游离脂肪酸(FFA),血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)。结果:实验组与对照组相比成年期大鼠铁蛋白(SF)、FFA、SOD升高;HDL降低(P<0.05)。结论:孕期铁营养不良可造成成年大鼠对脂代谢的调节能力下降,出现血脂紊乱,促进体内脂质过氧化反应的同时抗氧化酶类SOD活性上升。