老年肺结核患者血清血管活性肠肽的变化及临床意义

目的 探讨血管活性肠肽(VIP)在老年肺结核患者血清中的改变及与白细胞介素4(IL-4)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)的相关性.方法 采用放射免疫分析(RIA)法检测40例老年活动性肺结核患者(老年活动性肺结核组)、30例老年非活动性肺结核患者(老年非活动性肺结核组)、30例中青年活动性肺结核患者(中青年活动性肺结核组)及20例老年健康人(健康组)血清VIP水平,酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测血清IFN-γ、IL-4水平.老年活动性肺结核组中,病灶范围大或有空洞形成患者17例,病变范围小患者23例.结果 老年活动性肺结核组血清VIP、IL-4水平高于老年非活动性肺结核组及健康组(均P ＜0.01).老年活动性肺结核组IFN-γ水平低于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).病灶范围大或有空洞形成患者血清VIP、IL-4水平高于病变范围小患者(P＜0.05).老年活动性肺结核患者血清VIP、IL-4及IFN-γ水平与中青年活动性肺结核患者比较差异无统计学意义.老年活动性肺结核患者血清VIP与IL-4呈正相关(r=0.672,P＜0.01),与IFN-γ呈负相关(r=-0.406,P＜0.01).老年非活动性肺结核组、健康组血清VIP与IL-4、IFN-γ之间均无相关性.结论 VIP可能对评价老年肺结核病情严重程度、活动性以及判断其转归具有一定的参考意义.     

血管活性肠肽与消化系肿瘤

血管活性肠肽对消化系肿瘤细胞的增殖、分化有调节作用，在胃癌、结肠癌、胰腺癌细胞膜上存在特异性ＶＩＰ受体，ＶＩＰ对它们的增殖，分化调节有促进或抑制效应，这与ＶＩＰ作用于受体后引起细胞内ｃＡＭＰ水平，ＯＤＣ活性，ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因表达改变有关。     

血管活性肠肽与结肠癌

血管活性肠肽与结肠癌高峰张胜本张连阳第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所普外科四川省重庆市６３００４２ＳｕｂｊｅｃｔｈｅａｄｉｎｇｓＶａｓｏａｃｔｉｖｅｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌｐｅｐｔｉｄｅＲｅｃｅｐｔｏｒｓ，ｖａｓｏａｃｔｉｖｅｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌ...     

血管活性肠肽与肿瘤

血管活性肠肽（VIP）是一种广泛分布全身，具有多种生物学作用的脑肠肽。现已知许多肿瘤细胞上存在VIP受体。VIP对肿瘤细胞的生长或分化有调节作用，其机制可能与细胞内cAMP的增加或与细胞内多胺产生系统的激发有关。某些肿瘤细胞可能存在VIP的自分泌调节。     

老年高血压病患者血管活性肠肽的变化及其临床意义

为探讨血管活性肠肽与老年高血压病的关系，作者应用放射免疫法测定了５７例老年高血压病患者及４０例健康老年人血浆ＶＩＰ水平。结果表明高血压病组血浆ＶＩＰ含量明显低于对照组，且高血压组血浆ＶＩＰ与平均动脉压存在着负相关。提示ＶＩＰ含量的变化在老年高血压病发生中可能起一定的作用。     

血管活性肠肽与消化系肿瘤

血管活性肠肽(VIP)对消化系肿瘤细胞的增殖、分化有调节作用。在胃癌、结肠癌、胰腺癌细胞膜上存在特异性VIP受体;VIP对它们的增殖、分化调节有促进或抑制效应。这与VIP作用于受体后引起细胞内cAMP水平、ODC活性、c-myc基因表达改变有关。     

血管活性肠肽与呼吸系统

血管活性肠肽是一个具有扩张血管，舒张支气管、增加心肌收缩力等种生物学功能的神经多肽，它在肺部的含量仅于胃肠道。本概述了ＶＩＰ的内过程，呼吸系统分布、呼吸系统作用和与呼吸系统疾病的关系。     

血管活性肠肽对神经细胞脂褐素影响的实验研究

采用小鼠神经母细胞癌细胞无血清培养建立神经细胞老化实验研究模型。以显微荧光分光光度术测定的细胞内脂褐素自发荧光值为神经细胞老化指标，观察血管活性肠肽（ＶＩＰ）对实验性神经细胞内脂褐素荧光值的影响。结果发现：ＶＩＰ作用５ｄ可显著升高细胞内的脂褐素荧光值（Ｐ＜０．０１）．提示ＶＩＰ可加速实验性神经细胞的老化过程。     

Decreased vasoactive intestinal peptide levels and glutathione depletion in acquired megacolon

We reported decreased vasoactive intestinal peptide levels in acquired megacolon. The origin of altered neuropeptide levels is unknown, but recent work suggested that tissue antioxidants may function as neuroprotectants. Our hypothesis was that altered levels of inhibitory neurotransmitters in human colon are associated with depletion of the tripeptide thiol, glutathione. Normal colon samples (N=10; from patients 41–80 years old) and acquired megacolon samples (N=10; from patients 31–98 years old) were obtained at surgery. Vasoactive intestinal peptide levels were decreased in muscularis externa from acquired megacolon (P=0.01), while there was a modest increase in NADPH diaphorase activity in muscularis externa from megacolon (P=0.10). Glutathione in acquired megacolon was detectable in muscularis externa from only five specimens (P<0.05), but was not significantly different (P>0.05) in the mucosal-submucosal layer. The results supported the presence of vasoactive intestinal peptide and NADPH diaphorase in distinct subpopulations of nerves in human colon. The results also supported the hypothesis that glutathione functions as a neuroprotectant in a subset of patients with acquired megacolon.Supported by VA Medical Research Funds.     

电针对胃动力紊乱大鼠血管活性肠肽表达的影响

[目的]探讨电针调整胃动力与血管活性肠肽(VIP)的内在联系.[方法]采用浆膜法测定胃电数据,放射和免疫组化方法观察针刺足三里穴对束缚冷应激致胃动力紊乱大鼠VIP表达的影响.[结果]与正常组比较,束缚冷应激大鼠胃运动频率和波幅升高(P＜0.01);与模型组比较,电针足三里穴可降低胃运动频率和波幅(P＜0.01),同时可影响VIP的表达(P＜0.05,＜0.01).[结论]VIP参与了电针对胃动力的调整作用.     

免疫治疗在初治肺结核中的作用

目的 探讨免疫治疗在初治肺结核中的作用.方法 将2008年1月-2010年12月门诊和住院的初治肺结核随机分成观察组和对照组,观察组在对照组基础上加胸腺肽免疫治疗,检测两组身体质量指数(BMI)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、痰菌变化、胸片(胸部CT)变化.结果 观察组的身体质鼍指数、血清白蛋白、痰菌变化、胸片(胸部CT)变化明显高于对照组,具有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 初治肺结核的营养不良发生率高、痰菌阳性率高、空洞发生率高,病情较重,应尽可能加用免疫治疗,促进疾病康复,减少后遗症和复发.     

Interaction of vasoactive intestinal peptide with human blood mononuclear cells

The binding of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and the stimulation of adenylate cyclase were studied in mononuclear cells from human peripheral blood. The binding depended on time, temperature and pH, and was reversible, saturable and specific. Binding studies suggested the presence of 2 classes of binding site: a class with high affinity (Kd = 2.4 X 10(-10)M) and low capacity (8 fmoles/10(6) cells), and a class with low affinity (Kd = 8.0 X 10(-8)M) and high capacity (800 fmoles/10(6) cells) at 15 degrees C. Secretin displaced [125I]VIP from the cells with a 400-fold lower affinity than VIP, but glucagon, somatostatin and insulin did not show any effect. VIP was a potent and efficient stimulator of cyclic AMP production. The stimulation was observed at a concentration as low as 3 X 10(-11)M and depended on time, temperature and pH. Maximal cyclic AMP production (4-fold above basal levels) was observed with 10(-9) M at 15 degrees. Half-maximal response was obtained at 10(-10)M VIP. Secretin was an agonist of VIP but exhibited a 7000 times lower potency. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells constitute an easily accessible and suitable system for the study of VIP action in different physiological and pathophysiological conditions.     

Synergistic action of melatonin and vasoactive intestinal peptide in stimulating cyclic AMP production in human lymphocytes

In the present study we investigated the synergistic effect of melatonin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on cyclic AMP production in human blood lymphocytes. As shown by our group previously, VIP alone behaved as a potent activator of cyclic AMP production in human lymphocytes. On the other hand, melatonin alone did not affect the intracellular levels of cyclic nucleotide at any time or dose studied. However, when cells were incubated with melatonin plus VIP, melatonin potentiated the effect of the peptide. This effect can be observed in the presence of physiological doses of both melatonin (10-100 pM) and VIP (1-100 pM). The effect is specific for VIP because with other peptides belonging to the secretin-VIP family the effect was not observed. Results suggest that melatonin, in conjunction with VIP, may directly participate in the regulation of immune function in the human.     

胆胃舒颗粒对胆囊血管活性肠肽受体基因表达的影响

[目的]观察胆胃舒颗粒对胆囊血管活性肠肽(vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP)受体基因表达的影响及预防胆囊结石的作用.[方法]雄性豚鼠90只,随机分为3组,每组30只,空白组喂养普通饲料40 g/(d·只);模型组喂养胆固醇结石诱石饲料40 g/(d·只);治疗组喂养胆固醇诱石饲料40 g/(d·只),加胆胃舒颗粒溶液1.5ml(含300mg胆胃舒颗粒)灌胃.实验2个月后观察3组胆囊结石情况、胆囊收缩功能及胆囊壁VIP受体基因表达.[结果]胆囊结石形成率:空白组3.33％(1/30),模型组92.59％(25/27),治疗组10.71％(3/28);胆囊收缩功能:空白组胆囊收缩率为(66.83± 5.34)％,模型组(43.06±4.27)％,治疗组(67.93±6.82)％;胆囊壁VIP受体基因表达:空白组0.30±0.07,模型组0.45±0.12,治疗组0.33±0.06.差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).[结论]胆胃舒颗粒可降低胆囊结石的形成,其作用机制可能通过降低胆囊壁VIP受体基因表达,从而加强胆囊收缩功能,促使胆汁排泄,防止胆囊结石的发生.     

血管活性肠肽在慢性阻塞性肺病相关肺动脉高压中的研究进展

血管活性肠肽（VIP）是心肺系统最丰富的肽类物质之一,具有强大的抗炎、肺血管与气道舒张作用,以及免疫调节、调节气道分泌等广泛的生物学作用,可减缓COPD相关肺动脉高压（PH）的进展。然而,由于其血浆半衰期较短,给药途径困难,故临床有待进一步研究。本文就现阶段VIP对COPD相关PH治疗的研究进展作一综述。     

血管活性肠肽对急性坏死性胰腺炎大鼠肠黏膜屏障功能的影响

目的 探讨血管活性肠肽(VIP)对ANP大鼠肠黏膜损伤的影响.方法 54只SD大鼠随机分成假手术组(SO)、ANP组和VIP组,每组分制模后1 h、6 h、12 h 3个时间点,各6只.采用4%牛磺胆酸钠胰胆管逆行注射制备ANP模型,VIP组在制模后5 min腹腔内注射VIP 5 nmol.ELISA法检测血浆及肠组织匀浆VIP水平;MB-80微生物快速动态检测系统检测血浆内毒素水平;RT-PCR法检测肠黏膜组织TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10 mRNA表达;肠黏膜行病理学检查.结果 ANP组肠黏膜结构损害明显,VIP组病变减轻.ANP组血浆及肠黏膜VIP水平在制模后6 h分别为(49.582 ±3.735)pg/ml和(87.731 ±4.601)pg/g pro,均显著低于SO组(P＜0.05),制模后12 h分别为(65.192±5.785)pg/ml和(110.978 ±6.420)pg/g pro,高于SO组;ANP组制模后6 h血浆内毒素水平、肠黏膜TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10mRNA表达量分别为(29.570±5.127)pg/ml、0.861±0.081、1.150±0.187和0.786±0.102,均显著高于SO组(P＜0.05).VIP组制模后6 h血浆内毒素水平、肠黏膜TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA表达分别为(20.486 ±2.811)pg/ml、0.707 ±0.095和0.889 ±0.136,均较ANP组下降(P＜0.05);IL-10 mRNA表达为0.992 ±0.126,较ANP组增高(P＜0.05).结论 VIP对ANP大鼠肠黏膜损伤具有明显的保护作用.     

53例肺结核患者规律治疗中痰菌转阳的临床分析

目的 分析肺结核患者规律治疗过程中痰菌转阳的原因。 方法 回顾性分析53例临床规律治疗过程中痰菌转阳病例。 结果53例病人中,菌阴转阳病例18 例：第2个月转阳的8例（44.4%）,其中原始耐药3例（16.7%）;第3个月转阳的2例（11.1%）;第5个月转阳8例（44.4%）。菌阳病例35例：第3个月转阳的13例（37.1%）;第5个月转阳的12例（34.3%）;第6个月转阳的8例（22.9%）,其中3例病灶恶化（7.7%）,1例由于免疫疾病服用大量激素,且耐药;第8个月及以后转阳的2例（5.7%）。支气管结核、耐药、合并糖尿病、复治是肺结核痰涂片转阳的主要原因。 结论 结核病治疗中要加强痰菌观察,及时发现转阳病例。