2%米诺地尔溶液治疗斑秃24例

目的观察2%米诺地尔溶液治疗斑秃的临床疗效与安全性。方法抽取斑秃患者46例，随机分为治疗组24例和对照组22例，治疗组给予2%米诺地尔溶液，对照组给予5%米诺地尔酊。两组均每次用药1 mL，每日2次涂于秃发处。每8周为1个疗程，两组均用药2个疗程。结果治疗组有效率为70.83%，对照组有效率为80.95%。两组有效率比较差异无显著性，两组不良反应均较少。结论2%米诺地尔溶液治疗斑秃安全有效，值得临床推广。     

火针联合米诺地尔溶液治疗斑秃的疗效观察

目的分析火针联合米诺地尔溶液治疗斑秃的疗效。方法选择我院皮肤科门诊自2013年1月~2016年7月期间就诊的斑秃患者66例,依据治疗方法差异性均分两组,每组33例。接受米诺地尔单一治疗的患者作为参照组,接受火针联合米诺地尔溶液治疗的33例患者作为研究组,最后对两组斑秃患者的临床治疗效果进行统计和总结。结果两组斑秃患者经不同方法治疗后,研究组患者的治疗总有效率(96.9%)同参照组(75.8%)比对明显较高,生理评分(58.72±4.87)分、心理评分(58.38±4.33)分以及躯体评分(47.6±3.5)分同参照组(53.38±4.83)、(51.78±4.55)、(41.3±6.5)分比对明显较优,治疗后研究组的斑块面积(3.56±1.05)μm改善情况同参照组(4.94±1.32)μm比对也明显较优,绒毛生长时间同参照组比对明显较短,组间数据结果经软件包计数统计学意义形成。结论斑秃予以火针联合米诺地尔溶液治疗,效果理想,同时可以使患者的症状有效改善,安全性较高,因此可以将联合治疗在临床上优先选择,并大力推广。     

5%米诺地尔液联合复方甘草酸苷治疗斑秃临床疗效观察

目的探讨5%米诺地尔液联合复方甘草酸苷治疗斑秃的治疗方法以及临床治疗效果。方法 120例斑秃患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,各60例。观察组患者口服复方甘草酸苷治疗,外用5%米诺地尔液,对照组单纯外用5%米诺地尔液治疗。治疗2个月观察两组临床效果。结果观察组总有效率为83.33%,对照组为68.33%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 5%米诺地尔液联合复方甘草酸苷治疗斑秃治疗方法简便易行,临床治疗效果显著,不良反应轻微,使用安全,值得临床推广应用。     

复方醋酸曲安奈德溶液联合5%米诺地尔溶液外用治疗斑秃48例疗效观察

目的观察复方醋酸曲安奈德溶液联合5%米诺地尔溶液外用治疗斑秃的疗效。方法将114例患者随机分为3组:治疗组48例,采用复方醋酸曲安奈德溶液联合5%米诺地尔溶液外用;对照一组30例,单独外用5%米诺地尔溶液;对照二组36例,单独外用复方醋酸曲安奈德溶液。结果治疗组痊愈率79.17%,有效率95.83%;对照一组痊愈率56.67%,有效率73.33%;对照二组痊愈率61.11%,有效率77.78%;治疗组与对照一组和对照二组痊愈率、有效率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论复方醋酸曲安奈德溶液联合5%米诺地尔溶液外用治疗斑秃疗效显著。     

米诺地尔酊治疗斑秃29例

目的探讨米诺地尔酊在斑秃治疗中的临床效果。方法选择2011年9月至2012年9月医院收治的斑秃患者58例,随机分为两组,每组29例。对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上给予5%米诺地尔酊涂抹患处,1个月为1疗程,连续治疗2个疗程。结果治疗2个疗程后,治疗组总有效率为86.20%,明显优于对照组的65.52%(P<0.05);治疗后,两组患者斑秃严重程度(SALT)评分均明显降低(P<0.05),且治疗组明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论米诺地尔酊治疗患者斑秃安全有效,能明显促进毛发生长,值得临床推广。     

复方甘草酸苷联合米诺地尔酊治疗斑秃的疗效观察

目的观察复方甘草酸苷联合米诺地尔酊治疗斑秃的临床疗效。方法将86例斑秃患者随机均分为治疗组和对照组,42例斑秃患者作为治疗组,口服复方甘草酸苷75 mg,每日3次;米诺地尔酊,每次用药1mL,每日2次涂于患处。44例斑秃患者作为对照组,仅用米诺地尔酊,每次用药1mL,每日2次涂于患处。疗程3个月。结果治疗组3个月后治疗组痊愈率为54.76%。有效率为88.09%;对照组痊愈率为27.27%,有效率为65.91%,两组有效率及痊愈率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论复方甘草酸苷联合米诺地尔酊治疗斑秃疗效满意,值得推广应用。     

复方甘草酸苷联合5%米诺地尔液治疗斑秃50例疗效观察

目的探讨复方甘草酸苷联合5%米诺地尔液治疗斑秃的临床疗效。方法试验组：口服复方甘草酸苷（25mg/片）3片,每天3次,外用5%米诺地尔液,每天2次,以上口服药儿童酌减（按每次1片,每天3次）;对照组：外用5%米诺地尔液,每天2次,共治疗2个月。结果试验组的有效率及治愈率均显著高于对照组。试验组和对照组的有效率分别是92%和66%（P〈0.01）;治愈率分别是82%和60%（P〈0.05）。结论复方甘草酸苷联合5%米诺地尔液治疗斑秃疗效显著,副作用轻微。     

复方甘草酸苷片联合米诺地尔治疗斑秃43例疗效观察

目的观察复方甘草酸苷片联合米诺地尔治疗斑秃的临床疗效。方法将86例患者分为治疗组和对照组,各43例。治疗组的患者口服复方甘草酸苷片3片/次,3次/d,使用2%的米诺地尔溶液外擦,2次/d。对照组则只给予2%的米诺地尔溶液外擦2次/d,两组患者的疗程均为2个月。结果治疗组有效率93%,对照组有效率65%,两组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),两组均无严重的不良反应。结论复方甘草酸苷片联合米诺地尔治疗斑秃疗效显著,使用安全,值得临床推广。     

米诺地尔酊联合活力苏治疗斑秃的临床观察

目的探讨米诺地尔酊联合活力苏治疗斑秃的临床疗效。方法将100例斑秃患者随机分为两组,其中50例单用米诺地尔酊治疗为对照组,另40例用米诺地尔酊联合活力苏治疗为观察组。比较两组的临床疗效。结果观察组的治疗总有效率为92.0%,明显高于对照组的78.0%(P <0.05)。两组中仅观察组出现2例红斑,未经任何处理后自行消失,其余未见明显不良反应。结论米诺地尔酊联合活力苏治疗斑秃安全、有效,明显优于米诺地尔酊单药治疗。     

5%米诺地尔酊联合复方甘草酸苷片治疗斑秃的疗效观察

目的观察5%米诺地尔酊外涂联合复方甘草酸苷片口服治疗斑秃的临床疗效。方法采用68例慢性荨麻疹患者随机分为两组,治疗组35例,予以5%米诺地尔酊外用联合复方甘草酸苷片口服,疗程12周;对照组33例,予糠酸莫米松乳膏外用联合复方甘草酸苷片口服,疗程12周。结果治疗第12周治疗组总有效率88.6%,对照组总有效率63.6%,治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 5%米诺地尔酊联合复方甘草酸苷片取得较好的临床治疗效果。     

斑秃治疗的疗效观察以及免疫功能紊乱的研究

目的：观察卡介菌多糖核酸注射液（迪苏）联合5％米诺地尔酊（蔓迪）治疗斑秃疗效进行斑秃免疫功能紊乱的研究。方法：60例斑秃患者分为两组,分别采用卡介菌多糖核酸注射液联合5％米诺地尔酊治疗（联合治疗组）、单用卡介菌多糖核酸治疗（对照组）。同时对60例患者进行自身血清皮肤试验。结果：两组临床治疗效果差异有统计学意义,X2=4.1761,P=0.041;自身血清皮肤试验的阳性率为68.33%。结论：本研究提示自身免疫功能紊乱参与斑秃的发病,联合多途径治疗斑秃的方法在临床上值得推广。     

斑秃病人甲状腺功能的初步研究

目的　探讨斑秃与甲状腺功能的关系。方法　采用放射免疫分析法检测 6 0例斑秃病人和正常人血清中甲状腺FT3 、FT4及促甲状腺素 (TSH)的水平。结果　斑秃病人FT3 、FT4(7 0 7± 1 4 5 pmol/L、17 89± 3 5 7pmol/L)同正常对照组相比明显增高 ,差异有非常显著意义 (P <0 0 1) ,而TSH明显降低 (2 0 9± 1 2 7mIU/L) ,与正常对照相比 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　甲状腺功能异常与斑秃的发病有一定的关系     

Exploring the potential of minoxidil tretinoin liposomal based hydrogel for topical delivery in the treatment of androgenic alopecia

Abstract

Purpose: Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is a condition of progressive hair loss and involves follicular miniaturization triggered mainly due to varying levels of androgen besides environmental and genetic factors, which may also play some role. Minoxidil (MXD) has been considered as most effective therapeutic moiety to treat this disorder. Another drug Tretinoin (TRET) is known for its comedolytic activity and is reported to enhance percutaneous absorption of MXD. Presently both these drugs are being utilized for treatment of androgenic alopecia (AGA) in solution form which poses several problems in terms of poor solubility of drug, frequency of application and side effects.

Materials and methods: Current work investigates liposomal hydrogel system for simultaneous delivery of MXD and TRET to overcome the limitations of existing formulation. Successful development of liposomes was commenced by thin film hydration method and various parameters affecting desired characteristics like size, morphology, entrapment efficiency; stability and ex vivo permeation were optimized. The formulated liposomes were further characterized for various physicochemical properties and evaluated for in vivo irritancy study in animals.

Results and discussion: Results suggested prepared liposomes to be stable, homogenous and capable to hold both the drugs within. Association with hydrogel enhanced the permeation of MXD through skin ex vivo but TRET retained on the skin. Liposome loaded hydrogel was found to be non-irritant to skin.

Conclusion: Overall developed system showed potential for effective and simultaneous delivery of both the drugs.     

Insulin resistance is increased in alopecia areata patients

Increased insulin resistance (IR) has been found in androgenetic alopecia in several studies. However, IR has not been investigated in alopecia areata (AA). We aimed to investigate IR in AA patients and the controls. Anthropometric and demographic data were obtained from 51 AA patients and 36 controls. We measured insulin, c-peptide and blood glucose and HOMA-IR. Demographic characteristics of the two groups were similar. AA group had higher insulin [12.5?±?7.01 vs. 8.3?±?3.9 µIU/mL, p = 0.001], c-peptide [2.7?±?1.07 vs. 2.1?±?0.6?ng/mL, p = 0.007] and HOMA-IR levels [2.8?±?1.6 vs. 1.9?±?0.9, p = .004] than the controls. Patient and control groups were also similar regarding lipid profiles. In this study, we found increased IR in AA patients for the first time in literature. Increased inflammatory cytokines and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activation may be responsible for this finding. Further studies with larger sample sizes may give additional information for IR in AA.     

斑秃患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群的研究

目的对斑秃患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及B细胞、NK细胞进行分析。方法应用流式细胞仪检测44例斑秃患者及40例正常对照人群的外周血淋巴细胞亚群。结果44例斑秃患者外周血中总T、TH细胞及TH/TS比值均明显低于正常对照组（P〈0.002）,TS则显著高于正常对照组（P〈0.001）,另外,B细胞和NK细胞与正常对照组相比无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论本研究结果提示斑秃患者外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群存在着明显的细胞紊乱和细胞免疫抑制。     

Current and future treatments of alopecia areata and trichotillomania in children

Introduction: Treatment options for hair disorders are generally very limited. These options are even more limited in children due to the lack of trials and clinical research. Moreover, physicians are sometimes scared to treat children with drugs without safety data, especially because most hair disorders are benign.

Areas covered: The objective of this paper is to review current and future treatments for alopecia areata and trichotillomania, two disorders that are sometimes encountered in differential diagnosis or even occur together and probably affect the mental condition of the patient involved more than others.

Expert opinion: Hair disorders are very stressful in paediatric population. Both physicians and families are often unsatisfied leading to non-compliance. New drugs with less side- effects are needed to increase the percentage of cure. It is also crucial to refine genetic studies on alopecia areata in order to identify new potential drugs worth studying. Moreover, studies on trichotillomania should not be evaluated only by psychiatrics, but also by dermatologists.     

Acitretin-induced alopecia areata: a case report

Alopecia areata is a common form of non-scarring hair disorder. The development of alopecia areata during anti-psoriatic treatment has been reported with the systemic therapies such as infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, alefacept and efalizumab. Retinoid-induced alopecia areata on the eyelash and eyebrow has not been reported in the literature. We report a female patient who presented with alopecia areata of the eyebrow and eyelash one month after the initiation of acitretin therapy for psoriasis.     

液氮冷冻法与强的松龙注射法在斑秃治疗中的效果比较

目的探讨液氮浅低温冷冻法与强的松龙混悬液局部注射法在斑秃治疗中的效果,并加以比较。方法选取2006年9月-2009年1月于我院进行治疗的71例斑秃患者为研究对象,将其随机分为观察组36例和对照组35例,对照组采用强的松龙混悬液局部注射法进行治疗,观察组采用液氮浅低温冷冻法进行治疗。将两组患者的治愈率、治疗前后的头皮温度、厚度及血浆内皮素水平、IL-2水平等进行统计分析,并加以比较。结果经治疗后发现,观察组的治愈率明显高于对照组,温度高于对照组,厚度厚于对照组,IL-2水平明显高于对照组,血浆内皮素水平低于对照组,比较差异均有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论在斑秃的治疗中采用液氮浅低温冷冻法进行治疗,效果显著,值得临床进一步研究及应用。     

Emerging drugs for alopecia areata: JAK inhibitors

Introduction: Alopecia Areata is a common form of non-scarring hair loss that usually starts abruptly with a very high psychological impact. Due to the still not completely understood etiopathogenesis, at present there is no treatment that can induce a permanent remission and there is no drug approved for the treatment of this disorder.

Areas covered: Leading existing treatment are briefly overviewed and then ongoing research on Janus Kinases Inhibitors is discussed, reviewing trials with oral and topical formulations so as new opportunities for other forms of alopecia, such as cicatricial alopecia.

Expert opinion: JAK inhibitors represent a promise among alopecia treatments, but further studies are needed on long term safety. There is still no validated dosage for alopecia areata and the vehicles used for topical formulations seem not yet ideal in terms of skin penetration and reduced systemic absorption. Hopefully several studies are ongoing and we hope, in the near future, that JAK inhibitors will become part of the armamentarium to treat alopecia areata patients in terms of safety and costs.