沙丁胺醇的抗过敏作用及酮替芬对其平喘效应的增强作用

目的　观察沙丁胺醇的抗过敏作用及酮替芬对沙丁胺醇平喘效应的增强作用。方法　用豚鼠离体气管实验法,组胺、乙酰胆碱引喘法,致敏豚鼠离体气管Ｓｃｈｕｌｔｚ Ｄａｌｅ 反应及支气管肺泡灌洗液中嗜酸粒细胞数测定法。结果　酮替芬可增强沙丁胺醇的松弛气道平滑肌作用和预防沙丁胺醇引起的β受体快速耐受性的产生;酮替芬还可增强沙丁胺醇抑制组胺、乙酰胆碱引起的豚鼠哮喘;沙丁胺醇和酮替芬对致敏豚鼠离体气管Ｓｃｈｕｌｔｚ Ｄａｌｅ 反应具有抑制作用,并能使过敏性哮喘迟发反应时豚鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液中嗜酸粒细胞数显著减少。结论　沙丁胺醇具有抗过敏作用,酮替芬可预防沙丁胺醇耐受性的产生和增强沙丁胺醇的平喘效应     

葛酮通络胶囊预防糖尿病足患者的临床疗效观察

目的 对社区0级糖尿病足患者应用葛酮通络胶囊的干预方案进行治疗,并观察其临床疗效.方 法对82例0级糖尿病足患者应用葛酮通络胶囊进行干预,所有患者采用随机数字表法分为观察组(n=42)和对照组(n=40),对照组进行常规血糖控制并联合甲钴胺片进行预防治疗.观察组在同样的基础上应用葛酮通络胶囊进行预防治疗.两组患者分别通过临床症状、神经电生理等指标确认预防效果.结果 观察组患者的足部麻木感及足部压力阈值相关的检测较对照组均取得了较好的疗效(P＜0.05),而在足部疼痛感以及电生理情况方面两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 葛酮通络胶囊对糖尿病足(0级)的二级预防具有一定的疗效.     

鼻炎灵抗过敏作用的实验研究

本文研究了鼻炎灵颗粒剂的抗过敏作用。结果表明 ,鼻炎灵给药对大鼠被动皮肤过敏和组织胺诱发的石跖肿胀有明显的保护作用 ,对豚鼠过敏性支气管痉挛及过敏性休克有显著的对抗作用。鼻炎灵由防风、白芷、柴胡、川芎、苍耳、地龙、徐长卿、浮萍等组成 ,经提取加工制成颗粒剂。具有疏风解毒、通窍活络、滋阴生津、宣肺开窍之功效。临床用于治疗过敏性鼻炎 ,获得较好的疗效。现将实验研究结果报告如下。1　材料与方法1.1　材料　药物与生物制剂 :鼻炎灵颗粒剂由青岛市中西医结合医院药厂提供 2 0 0 %口服液 ;百日咳疫苗由长春生物制品研究所提供…     

葛酮通络胶囊HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的 研究并建立葛酮通络胶囊指纹图谱测定方法。方法 采用RP-HPLC法以甲醇—乙腈(70∶30)和0.05%磷酸溶液进行二元梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长250 nm,测定10批样品的指纹图谱。结果 该方法操作简便,重现性和精密度较好,且各峰分离度较好,确定共有峰12个。结论 建立的葛酮通络胶囊HPLC指纹图谱为其质量控制提供依据。     

葛酮通络胶囊治疗脑梗死的作用机制及不良反应

葛酮通络胶囊有效成分为葛根总黄酮,主要包括葛根素、黄豆苷元、大豆黄酮苷、大豆黄酮苷-4V等成分。在治疗脑梗死方面,葛酮通络胶囊及主要药理成分显示出抑制动脉粥样硬化斑块进展、清除氧自由基、抗血小板凝聚、抑制神经细胞凋亡等作用。在不良反应事件方面大多数研究均未出现药物所致的明显的不良反应,极少数研究虽出现心慌、咽干等不良反应事件,但多未经治疗而自行缓解。该文通过对葛酮通络胶囊及其主要药理成分的药理作用、临床疗效及不良反应情况进行介绍,为临床安全合理用药提供参考依据。     

麦冬多糖平喘和抗过敏作用研究

目的 :观察麦冬多糖的平喘和抗过敏作用。方法 :通过整体实验 ,观察麦冬多糖 (POT)对氨雾引起小鼠咳嗽和对以组胺和乙酰胆碱混合液引起豚鼠支气管收缩及对小鼠耳异种被动皮肤过敏 (PCA)和以卵白蛋白诱发的致敏豚鼠支气管收缩的影响。结果 :POT 2 0 0mg/kg对氨雾引起的小鼠咳嗽无明显的影响 ;对乙酰胆碱和组胺混合液引起的豚鼠支气管收缩有极显著的抑制作用 (P <0 .0 0 1 ) ;对小鼠PCA反应的抑制率为 3 2 .79% ;可显著延长卵白蛋白所致的致敏豚鼠呼吸困难、抽搐和跌倒的潜伏期 (P <0 .0 0 1 )。结论 :麦冬多糖能拮抗乙酰胆碱和组胺混合液刺激引起的正常豚鼠和卵白蛋白引起的致敏豚鼠的支气管平滑肌收缩 ,抑制致敏豚鼠哮喘的发生并具有较显著的抗小鼠耳异种被动皮肤过敏的作用     

人参和人参皂苷的抗过敏作用

曾有研究显示,某些人参皂苷对大鼠嗜碱性白血病细胞株RBL-2H3有抗过敏作用,但尚未进行详细研究。作者研究了人参、人参皂苷及原人参萜二醇人肠道细菌代谢物20-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基-20(S)-原人参萜二醇(K)的抗过敏作用。     

抗敏止痒乳膏的药效学

目的：考察抗敏止痒乳膏止痒镇痛，抗炎消肿的疗效。方法：通过两种疼痛模型，两种类症模型和一种致痒模型，用抗敏止痒乳膏进行实验性治疗和保护作用研究，并与新肤松进行了对比实验。结果：抗敏止痒乳膏具有显著的止痒、镇痛作用和良好的抗炎作用，并呈明显的量效关系。在相同剂量下，止痒、镇痛作用明显优于新肤松（P＜0．05或P＜0．01），抗炎作用与新肤松相似（P＞0．05），结论：证实了抗敏止痒乳膏治疗瘙痒性皮肤病的作用，为临床应用提供实验依据。     

Enantioselective penetration enhancing effect of carvone on the in vitro transdermal permeation of nicorandil

The objective was to investigate the difference in penetration enhancing effect of R-carvone, S-carvone and RS-carvone on the in vitro transdermal drug permeation. In vitro permeation studies were carried out across neonatal rat epidermis from 2%w/v HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) gel containing 4%w/v of nicorandil (a model drug) and a selected concentration (12%w/v) of either R-carvone, S-carvone or RS-carvone against a control. The stratum corneum (SC) of rats was treated with vehicle (70%v/v ethanol-water) or ethanolic solutions of 12%w/v R-carvone, S-carvone or RS-carvone. The enhancement ratio (ER) of R-carvone, S-carvone and RS-carvone when compared to control was about 37.1, 31.2 and 29.9, respectively indicating enantioselective penetration enhancing effect of carvone enantiomers. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in the lag time required to produce a steady-state flux of nicorandil with S-carvone when compared to R-carvone and RS-carvone. DSC and FT-IR studies indicate that the investigated enantiomers of carvone exhibit a difference in their ability to affect the cellular organization of SC lipids and proteins thereby showing enantioselective transdermal drug permeation. It was concluded that R-carvone exhibited a higher penetration enhancing activity on transdermal permeation of nicorandil when compared to its S-isomer or racemic mixture.     

马布特罗对豚鼠支气管平滑肌松弛作用和平喘作用的影响

目的 :观察马布特罗对豚鼠的平喘作用和离体豚鼠支气管平滑肌的松弛作用。方法 :用 2 %氯化乙酰胆碱和 0 .1 %组胺等容积混合液喷雾诱发哮喘 ,观察马布特罗 (0 .0 6～ 1mg·kg-1)平喘作用的半数有效量(ED50 )及对引喘潜伏期的影响。用离体豚鼠肺支气管灌流法观察马布特罗 (1 0 -9,1 0 -7,1 0 -3 kg·L-1)对组胺 1 0 -4kg·L-1引起肺支气管灌流量减少的影响。结果 :马布特罗对致痉剂诱发豚鼠哮喘有明显抑制作用 ,减少哮喘诱发抽搐动物数 ,其ED50 为 0 .2mg·kg-1及 95 %可信限为 0 .0 8～0 .49mg·kg-1;马布特罗可剂量依赖性对抗组胺减少肺支气管灌流量作用 ,并显著缩短组胺灌流达固定流量时间。结论 :马布特罗对药物致豚鼠哮喘具有明显平喘作用 ,此作用与其松弛支气管平滑肌作用有关。     

翡翠贻贝多糖对荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤和免疫功能调节作用

目的观察翡翠贻贝多糖（PVPS）对荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长及免疫功能的影响。方法建立小鼠移植性S180实体瘤模型,观察PVPS对荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤率及对T淋巴细胞增殖能力、白介素2（IL-2）等指标的影响。结果PVPS可明显抑制荷瘤小鼠S180实体瘤的生长（P〈0．05orP〈0．01）,提高T淋巴细胞增殖能力和IL-2的产生（P〈0．01）。结论PVPS可显著抑制荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长,并能增强荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能。     

合用溴化异丙托品与沙丁胺醇气雾剂的支气管舒张作用

以随机对照试验比较气雾吸入异丙托品４０μｇ并沙丁胺醇２００μｇ与单用沙丁胺醇２００μｇ对３７例慢阻肺病者的单剂量及长期（ｔｉｄ×４周）疗效及不良反应。结果显示，合用溴化异丙托品者其肺功能指标（ＦＶＣ，ＦＥＶ１）改善显著高于单用沙丁胺醇者，且作用维持时间较长。治疗期间合用组最高呼气流速（ＰＥＦ）显著高于单用组，而症状计分则少于单用组。不良反应在两组间无显著差异。显示合用异丙托品能更好地治疗慢性阻塞性肺病（ＣＯＰＤ）的气道阻塞。     

Effect of carvone on the permeation of nimodipine from a membrane-moderated transdermal therapeutic system

The purpose of this investigation was to develop a membrane-moderated transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) of nimodipine using 2% w/w hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) gel as a reservoir system containing 10% w/w of carvone (penetration enhancer) in 60% v/v ethanol. The flux of nimodipine through an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer membrane was found to increase with an increase in vinyl acetate content in the copolymer. The effect of a pressure-sensitive adhesive (TACKWHITE A 4MED) on the permeability of nimodipine through an EVA 2825 membrane (28% w/w vinyl acetate) or an EVA 2825 membrane/skin composite was also studied. An EVA 2825 membrane coated with TACKWHITE 4A MED was found to provide the required flux of nimodipine (117 +/- 5 microg/cm2/h) across rat abdominal skin. Thus a new transdermal therapeutic system for nimodipine was formulated using EVA 2825 membrane, coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive TACKWHITE 4A MED, and 2% w/w HPMC gel as reservoir containing 10% w/w of carvone as a penetration enhancer. Studies in healthy human volunteers indicated that the TTS of nimodipine, designed in the present study, provided steady-state plasma concentration of the drug with minimal fluctuations.     

Effect of nerodilol, carvone and anethole on the in vitro transdermal delivery of selegiline hydrochloride

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of terpene enhancers (nerodilol, carvone or anethole) on the in vitro transdermal delivery of selegiline hydrochloride with a broad objective of developing a membrane-moderated transdermal therapeutic system (TTS). The in vitro permeation studies were carried across the rat epidermis from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) gel drug reservoir containing selected concentrations of nerodilol, carvone or anethole and selegiline hydrochloride. The amount of selegiline hydrochloride permeated during the 24 h of the study (Q24) from HPMC gel drug reservoir without terpene enhancer was 2169 +/- 50 microg/cm2 and the corresponding flux of the drug was 92 +/- 1 microg/cm2 x h. The amount of drug permeated and its flux increased with an increase in terpne concentration in HPMC gel drug reservoir. Nerodilol provided an approximately 3.2-fold increase in the flux of selegiline hydrochloride followed by carvone with a 2.8-fold increase, and anethole with a 2.6-fold increase. It is concluded that the terpene nerodilol, carvone and anethole produced a marked penetration enhancing effect on the in vitro transdermal delivery of selegiline hydrochloride that could possibly be used in the formulation of membrane-moderated TTS.     

抗敏止痒乳膏动物实验研究

对抗敏止痒乳膏进行了动物实验研究,包括急性毒性试验、皮肤刺激性试验和皮肤过敏试验。结果表明：本品无皮肤急性毒性作用无皮肤过敏反应,对完整皮肤无刺激性反应,对破皮肤有轻度刺激性,但给药后４８小时,这种刺激性消失。     

杨梅素对小鼠被动皮肤过敏反应的影响

目的研究杨梅素的抗过敏作用。方法采用小鼠同种、异种被动皮肤过敏反应(PCA)、右旋糖酐致小鼠全身瘙痒反应和2,4-二硝基氯苯(DNCB)所致小鼠耳廓皮肤迟发型超敏反应(DTH)实验,探讨杨梅素的抗过敏作用。结果杨梅素显著抑制小鼠同种、异种被动皮肤过敏反应和右旋糖酐引起的小鼠瘙痒反应,并能抑制DNCB诱导的DTH。结论杨梅素具有抗过敏作用,机制可能与抑制Ⅰ、Ⅳ型变态反应有关。