品管圈活动对胃肠外科护理质量及患者护理满意度的影响探讨

目的:研究分析品管圈活动对肠胃外科护理质量及患者护理满意度的影响.方法:选取我院进行品管圈活动期间的肠胃外科手术住院患者110例,平均分两组,对照组使用常规护理方法,观察组在此基础上实施品管圈活动干预,观察两组患者的护理效果.结果:观察组患者的并发症发生率、护理不良事件明显更低,护理满意度更高,有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:对肠胃外科手术患者实施品管圈活动干预的临床效果更加明显,可提高患者的护理满意度,值得在临床上推广.     

品管圈活动对提升屈光手术患者满意度的作用

目的 评估品管圈活动对提升屈光手术患者满意度的作用。方法 成立品管圈,设计满意度调查问卷,从就诊环境、手术过程舒适度、手术效果、服务态度、围手术期沟通宣教五方面分析品管圈活动开展前在屈光手术中心接受手术患者的满意度,找出手术步骤和流程、医患沟通、医疗服务质量的各项缺陷,制定相应的完善措施并开展持续质量改进（CQI）工作,并通过评价品管圈活动开展后同年龄段患者的满意度以确定改进工作的效果。结果 品管圈活动开展后,患者就诊环境、手术过程舒适度、围手术期沟通宣教满意度及总满意度均高于品管圈活动开展前,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;品管圈活动开展后,患者手术过程舒适度、手术效果、围手术期沟通宣教满意度调查问卷评分及总分均高于品管圈活动开展前,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 品管圈活动的实施可提高屈光手术患者的满意度,为院内其他品管圈活动项目的开展与推进提供了参考。     

品管圈在提高痛风患者宣教满意率中应用的效果评价

目的:评价品管圈在提高痛风患者宣教满意率方面的应用效果.方法:成立品管圈,运用质量管理工具改进痛风患者住院期间的护理宣教问题,比较对策实施前后,痛风患者的满意率.结果:实施品管圈活动后,痛风患者的宣教满意率由活动前的80％,提高至活动后的93％,超出了预期目标.结论:运用品管圈对痛风患者的宣教进行管理,显著提升了痛风患者的宣教满意率,提高了护理人员的综合素质,提升护理质量,促进团队的发展.     

品管圈在提升精神科临床护理路径有效执行率中的应用效果

目的探讨品管圈活动在提升精神科临床护理路径有效执行率的应用效果。方法在病区建立品管圈小组,运用头脑风暴、特性要因图、柏拉图等质量管理工具对该病区的临床护理路径有效执行的现状和患者满意度进行统计分析,根据分析出的要因有针对性地对护理人员进行培训和改进工作流程;对患者进行安全健康宣教、疾病知识宣教,最终提升精神科临床护理路径有效执行率、患者满意度。结果临床护理路径有效执行率由51.53%提升到78.86%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者满意度提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论借助于该次病区开展的品管圈活动,降低了精神科临床护理路径中的缺陷项目发生比例,提升了精神科临床护理路径有效执行率和患者满意度,同时还增强护士发现问题、沟通解决问题、团结协作的能力。     

开展品管圈活动对提高急诊科护理工作质量的作用

目的:探讨开展品管圈活动对提高急诊科护理工作质量的作用。方法:选取开展品管圈活动前后急诊科收治的300例患者为研究对象,对两组患者的护理质量进行分析。结果:实施品管圈活动后各项护理工作质量得到了提高,患者对护理工作满意度由93.33%升至97.33%,与活动前比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:品管圈活动的开展可促进护理工作质量的持续改善,值得临床推广应用。     

品管圈活动在提高住院患者对护理工作满意度的作用

目的探讨品管圈活动前后住院患者对护理工作满意度的作用。方法发放问卷调查开展品管圈活动前后妇科住院患者对护理工作的满意程度。由本病区10位护士组成品管圈,采用头脑风暴法分析存在的问题,采取相应解决措施。结果品管圈活动可发现并解决护理工作中存在的重要问题,品管圈活动后住院患者对护理工作的满意度大幅提高。结论品管圈活动是改善住院患者对护理工作满意度的有效方法。     

健康教育日程表在住院糖尿病患者护理中的应用价值研究

目的：探讨健康教育日程表在住院糖尿病患者护理中的应用价值。方法：将90例住院糖尿病患者随机分入应用组和对照组,应用组执行健康教育日程表宣教,对照组采用常规方法进行健康教育。结果：应用组健康教育达标率和护理工作满意度均优于对照组。结论：相对于目前用于住院糖尿病患者的常规健康教育方法,应用健康教育日程表可提高健康教育达标率和护理工作满意度。     

品管圈工作模式在护理质量管理中的效果分析

【摘要】目的 探讨品管圈工作模式在护理质量管理中的实践效果 方法 实施品管圈活动前随机选取2013 年1月—6月我院收治的840例患者,实施品管圈活动后随机选取2015 年1月—6月我院收治的840例患者,使用相同的评价标准对两组护理质量管理效果进行对比分析。结果 实施品管圈工作模式后,患者基础护理、健康教育、护理文书书写、护理技术操作、危重病人管理质量、患者满意度明显高于活动前,同时降低了护理不良事件的发生率,保证患者的安全。结论 品管圈工作模式有利于护理质量的持续改进,提高护理质量管理,值得在临床护理推广应用。     

探讨品管圈在提高PCI患者健康教育知晓率应用分析

目的应用品管圈提高PCI术患者健康教育知晓率。方法成立品管圈活动小组,对心血管内科的护理质量进行分析,采取头脑风暴法确定以提高PCI术患者健康教育知晓率为主题,按品管圈的步骤来进行质量控制。结果按照品管圈的活动完成后,PCI术患者健康教育知晓率由原来的45%提高到90%。结论开展品管圈活动,提升了健康教育的完整率,规范了临床护理工作,护理质量持续改进,同时提高了护理人员工作的积极性,提升了团队的凝聚力和自信心,最终提高病人的满意度。     

品管圈工作模式在护理质量管理中的成效分析

目的:探讨品管圈工作模式在护理质量管理中的应用效果。方法:随机选取开展品管圈活动前240例患者为对照组,开展品管圈活动后240例患者为观察组,对两组患者护理质量管理效果进行评价。结果:实施品管圈活动后护理质量得到提高,保证了护理安全,患者对护理工作满意度由93.33%升至97.92%,差异比较具有统计学意义。结论:开展品管圈活动有利于形成护理质量持续改进的长效机制,使护理质量得到提高。     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.