吡喹酮代谢的特异抑制剂—硝苯吡啶及有关细胞色素P450同功酶…

硝苯吡啶在人肝微粒体内对（－）－和（＋）－ＰＱＴ的代谢均有竞争性抑制作用，抑制原药消除的Ｋｉ分别为１．４和６．１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，有明显立体选择性，抑制（－）＝ＰＱＴ ＭＩ生成的Ｋｉ迷１．５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ；大大鼠肝微粒体内，ＮＦ对（－）－ＰＱＴ代谢的抑制作用远比在人肝微粒体内弱，其抑制（－）－和（＋）－ＰＱＴ原药消除的Ｋｉ分别为１１．６和１０μｍｌ／Ｌ，抑制（－）－ＰＱＴ代谢生成的Ｋｉ为１０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ     

青蒿琥酯对NK细胞活性及ADCC活性的影响

体内实验表明，青蒿琥酯５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ及１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ（ｉ，ｐ，ｑｄ×６ｄ）能显抑制正常小鼠ＮＫ细胞活性和ＡＤＣＣ活性，体外试验表明，１．３０×１０＾－５～２．６０×１０＾－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ青蒿琥酯能剂量依赖性抑制小鼠脾细胞ＮＫ活性，２．６０×１０＾－９～２．６０×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ青蒿琥酯对小鼠脾细胞ＮＫ活性无显影响。     

黄腐酸和超氧阴离子对软骨细胞内钙离子浓度的影响

目的：为探讨病区黄腐酸（ＦＡ）和活性氧自由基可能引起大骨节病，我们测定了在ＦＡ和超氧自由基（）作用下，软骨细胞内钙离子浓度（［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ）随时间的变化。方法：应用萤光指示剂Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ测定细胞内钙离子浓度并用下式计算：［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ＝Ｋｄ（Ｆ－Ｆ＿（ｍｉｎ））／（Ｆ＿（ｍａｘ）－Ｆ）。结果：作用４５ｍｉｎ后，［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ从１．６２×１Ｏ￣（－７）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ升达１．１８×１０￣（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ；ＦＡ作用４ｈ后，［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ从３．７８×１０￣（－７）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ升达５．５１×１０￣（－７）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。结论：说明ＦＡ与·有相似的促进［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ升高的作用，［Ｃａ￣（２＋）］ｉ的升高将造成软骨细胞损伤，而软骨坏死是大骨节病的重要病理特症之一。     

呼吸中枢M受体亚型与细胞内钙

目的探讨呼吸中枢Ｍ受体亚型与细胞内钙的关系。方法采用Ｆｕｒａ－２双波长荧光法测定Ｍ１和Ｍ２受体激动剂和拮抗剂对胎鼠桥脑和延脑神经细胞内游离钙浓度（［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ）的影响。结果在静息状态下，其［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ为７２±６ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ，加入２００μｍｏｌ／ＬＡｃｈ，［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ升高３８％，匹鲁卡品（Ｐｉｌ）０．４～２００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ无明显的升高细胞内钙的作用，而Ｍ２受体激动剂６β－乙酰氧基去甲托烷（６β－ＡＮ）１～１０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。对神经细胞内的游离钙均无明显影响。Ｍ１－Ｒ拮抗剂哌仑西平（Ｐｉ）６０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ能拮抗Ａｃｈ升高细胞内钙的作用，Ｍ２－Ｒ拮抗剂ＡＦ－ＤＸ１１６２０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ不能拮抗。结论Ｍ１－Ｒ兴奋与细胞内钙升高有关。     

几种受体激动剂对IFN-γ诱导人单核细胞HLA-DR抗原表达的影响

用细胞体外培养的方法，探讨了几种受体激动剂对人外周血单核细胞ＨＬＡＤＲ抗原表达的影响。结果显示：①去甲肾上腺素（ｎｏｒａｄｒｅｎａｌｉｎｅ，ＮＡ）对ＩＦＮγ诱导ＨＬＡＤＲ抗原表达具有双向调节作用。１０－１２，１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＡ具有促进作用；１０－６，１０－４ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＡ呈现抑制作用。相应α受体阻断剂１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ酚妥拉明（ｐｈｅｎｔｏｌａｍｉｎｅ）可以完全阻断其促进作用，而对抑制作用的阻断则不明显。②１０－１０～１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ异丙肾上腺素（ｉｓｏｐｒｏｔｅｒｅｎｏｌ，ＩＳＯ）对ＩＦＮγ诱导ＨＬＡＤＲ抗原表达具有抑制作用，抑制程度随ＩＳＯ浓度的增加而加强，且这种作用可被１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ普洛萘尔（ｐｒｏｐｒａｎｏｌｏｌ）完全或部分阻断。③毛果芸香碱（ｐｉｌｏｃａｒｐｉｎｅ）１０－１１～１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ对ＩＦＮγ诱导ＨＬＡＤＲ抗原表达无明显影响。结果提示：神经递质对免疫细胞具有调节作用     

酮替芬对新生大鼠心肌细胞内游离钙的影响

观察了酮替芬（Ｋｅｔ）对新生鼠心肌细胞内游离钙的影响,以酶法制备新生大鼠心肌细胞悬液,用荧光探针Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ检测心肌细胞内游离钙浓度的变化。结果表明：Ｋｅｔ对静息状态下「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ无影响,Ｋｅｔ（１０￣５００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）剂量依赖性抑制高钾去经及ＮＥ所致的「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ升高。提示：Ｋｅｔ对心肌细胞膜下坟依赖性钙通道有抑制作用,也可能抑制受体操纵型钙通道。     

Fluvoxamine对褪黑素生物转化的抑制及其药物动力学研究

采用人肝微粒体温育实验，ＣＹＰ４５０１Ａ２特异性抑制法以及ＨＯＰＬＣ和电化学分析仪检测的结果表明，（１）抗抑郁药Ｆｌｕｖｏｘａｍｉｎｅ（三氟志胺）对ＣＹＰ４５０１Ａ２具和ＣＹＰ４５０１Ａ２特异抑制剂Ｆｕｒｐａｈｙｌｌｉｎ（呋拉茶碱）同样的对ＭＴ生物转化的抑制作用并求测其动力学参数。Ｆｌｕｖｏｘａｍｉｎｅ对ＭＴ郑化反应有很强的抑制作用，其Ｋｉ＝０．０２４μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，对ＭＴ去甲工反应也是抑制的，其Ｋ     

苄普地尔对大鼠心肌质膜Ca~（2＋），Mg~（2＋）－ATP酶的非竞争抑制作用

钙通道阻滞剂苄普地尔在体外非竞争性抑制大鼠心肌质膜Ｃａ~（２＋），Ｍｇ~（２＋）－ＡＴＰ酶，抑制常数Ｋｉ＝４３．０±１．３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，半数抑制浓度ＩＣ５０＝６７±６μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，表明其钙泵和或钙调素拮抗作用较维拉帕米强。     

~（99m）Tc－新半乳糖白蛋白体外受体介导结合特性的研究

本文报道￣９９ｍＴｃ－新半乳糖白蛋白（￣９９ｍＴｃ－ＮＧＡ）与大鼠肝细胞膜进行体外结合试验。结果表明：￣９９ｍＴｃ－ＮＧＡ系与肝细胞膜上的高亲和力低容量（Ｋ＿１：８．４０８９×１０￣９Ｌ／ｍｏｌ；Ｒ＿１：１．７３５０×１０￣（－１２）ｍｏｌ／ｍｇ）和低亲和力高容量（Ｋ＿２：２．０８２７×１０￣８Ｌ／ｍｏｌ；Ｒ＿２：６．９５３０×１０￣（－１２）ｍｏｌ／ｍｇ）２个结合位点相结合，其结合表现出高特异性、可饱和性及对细胞膜蛋白浓度的线性依赖性，具备受体介导结合的基本特征。￣（９９ｍ）Ｔｃ－ＮＧＡ是一个很有希望的肝受体显像剂。     

PB230体外抗肿瘤活性的研究

目的：研究ＰＢ２３０对人胃癌细胞（ＭＧＣ８０－３）、人红白血病细胞（Ｋ５６２）和人乳腺癌细胞（ＭＣＦ－７）的生物抑制作用,探讨其抗癌作用机制,方法：采用ＭＴＴ法检测不同浓度ＰＢ２３０对体外培养的ＭＧＣ８０－３细胞系、Ｋ５６２细胞系和ＭＣＦ－７细胞系的生长抑制作用,结果：ＰＢ２３０明显抑制ＭＧＣ８０－３、Ｋ５６２和ＭＣＦ－３三种细胞系的生长,其ＩＣ５０值分别为２&;#215;１０＾－６－１&;#215;１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ之间,２&;#215;１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和１&;#215;１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,结论：ＰＢ２３０能直接抑制肿瘤细胞生长。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.