大鼠肠系膜上动脉和静脉各级分支中NPY免疫反应神经纤维密度的相…

用免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法结合葡萄糖氧化酶－ＤＡＢ－硫酸镍铵（ＧＤＮ）增强显色技术，对大鼠肠系膜上动脉和静脉及其分支中ＮＰＹ免疫反应神经纤维的形态和分布进行了研究，并用交点计数法统计了其密度。结果发现，ＮＰＹ免疫反应神经纤维的密度随肠系膜上动脉和静脉分支级别的增加而增加；肠系膜上动脉和静脉中相应分支级别上的ＮＰＹ免疫反应神经纤维的密度没有显著差异。     

培养的大鼠血管平滑肌细胞血管紧张素Ⅱ受体的基因表达及调节

在培养的自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）和正常血压ＷＫＹ大鼠的主动动脉平滑肌细胞（ＡＳＭＣ）模型，应用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交和逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）技术，分别检测ＡＳＭＣ中碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｈＦＧＦ）和血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡＮＧⅡ）Ｉ型受体（ＡＴ１Ｒ）的基因表达。结果表明：ＳＨＲＡＳＭＣ中ｈＦＧＦ基因的基础表达和ＡＮＧⅡ刺激后的表达水平元旦明显高于ＷＫＹ大鼠；ｂＦＧＦ（１０ｎｍ／ｍｌ）对两种     

培养的大鼠血管平滑肌细胞中bFGF基因表达与血管紧张素Ⅱ …

采用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交检测培养的自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）和正常血压ＷＫＹ大鼠的血管平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ）中碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）基因表达，用紫外法和放免法分别测定培养液中血管紧张素转换酶（ＡＣＥ）活性和血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡｎｇⅡ）含量，发现ＡｎｇⅡ能明显促进ＶＳＭＣ中ｂＦＧＦ基因表达，而ｂＦＧＦ则能明显诱导ＡＣＥ活性和提高ＡｎｇⅡ释放，且ＳＨＲＶＳＭＣ的ｂＦＧＦ基因表达，ＡＣＥ活性和Ａ     

A FREQUENCY DOMAIN QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT METHOD FOR BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY WITH BIDIRECTIONAL DOPPLERULTRASOUND AVOIDING DOWN-BAND CHANNEL

ＡＦＲＥＱＵＥＮＣＹＤＯＭＡＩＮＱＵＡＮＴＩＴＡＴＩＶＥＭＥＡＳＵＲＥＭＥＮＴＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＢＬＯＯＤＦＬＯＷＶＥＬＯＣＩＴＹＷＩＴＨＢＩＤＩＲＥＣＴＩＯＮＡＬＤＯＰＰＬＥＲＵＬＴＲＡＳＯＵＮＤＡＶＯＩＤＩＮＧＤＯＷＮ－ＢＡＮＤＣＨＡＮＮＥＬＷａ...     

晚期糖化终产物对糖尿病大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞的影响

目的 探讨血管平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ）在糖尿病早期的改变及其与晚期糖化终产物（ＡＧＥｓ）的关系。方法 应用荧光分光光度法、免疫组织化学、计算机图像分析和透射电镜等技术,研究链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病（ＤＭ）大鼠血浆和腹主动脉晚期糖化终产物（ＡＧＥｓ）的含量以及腹主动脉ＶＳＭＣ的变化。结果 从４周起,ＤＭ大鼠血浆和腹主动脉的ＡＧＥｓ显著增多;腹主动脉α－ＳＭ－肌动蛋白的相对面积减小,ＣＳＭＣ的细胞核密度     

降钙素基因相关肽单克隆抗体的研制及初步鉴定

以人工合成的降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）－牛血清白蛋白（ＢＳＡ）偶联物（ＣＧＲＰ－ＢＳＡ）为免疫原，用微量脾内免疫法免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠。取其免疫脾细胞与小鼠Ｓｐ２／０骨髓瘤细胞融合，经间接ＥＬＩＳＡ法筛选、３次克隆化后，获得３株能稳定分泌抗ＣＧＲＰ单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞３Ｂ４、７Ｅ１１和８Ｆ２。用琼脂双扩散法鉴定，３Ｂ４为ＩｇＧｌ亚类，７Ｅ１１和８Ｆ２均为ＩｇＭ类。杂交瘤细胞的染色体条数在９２￣     

STUDY OF A DIVICE ON THE WATCH FOR PARAMETER OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND ITS FLOW BY UNDAMAGED METHOD

ＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＡＤＩＶＩＣＥＯＮＴＨＥＷＡＴＣＨＦＯＲＰＡＲＡＭＥＴＥＲＯＦＢＬＯＯＤＰＲＥＳＳＵＲＥＡＮＤＩＴＳＦＬＯＷＢＹＵＮＤＡＭＡＧＥＤＭＥＴＨＯＤＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＡＤＩＶＩＣＥＯＮＴＨＥＷＡＴＣＨＦＯＲＰＡＲＡＭＥＴＥＲＯＦＢＬＯＯＤＰＲＥＳ...     

大鼠脑血管含神经肽Y,含降钙素基因相关肽,含P物质神经的年龄…

本文应用免疫组织化学（ＡＢＣ）方法，观察了含神经肽Ｙ（ＮＰＹ）、含降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）、含Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）神经在大鼠完整脑底动脉环分的年龄变化，结果表明在２周、２月、８月龄大鼠脑底动脉上含ＮＰＹ神经的密度依次降低；含ＣＧＲＰ和含ＳＰ神经的密度依次升高。至１８月龄，含ＮＰＹ神经的密度和８月龄时的接近，而含ＳＰ和含ＣＧＲＰ神经的密度比８月龄时明显降低。大鼠脑血管含肽神经支配的这种增龄变化表现出有     

美蓝与Microcystine—LR对NO激活阻力血管平滑肌KCa的影响

应用膜片箝技术的细胞贴附式与膜内向外式记录大鼠肠系膜动脉Ａ４－Ａ５分支阻力血管平滑肌（ＶＳＭ）钙激活钾通道（ＫＣａ）活动，发现外源性一氧化氮（ＮＯ）不仅在细胞贴附式下，而且在游离膜片内面向外式时均能激活ＫＣａ，在细胞贴附式，鸟苷酸环化酶抑制剂美蓝（ｍｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅｂｌｕｅ，ＭＢ）未能阻断外源性ＮＯ激活ＫＣａ的效应。蛋白磷酸酶ＰＰＩＡ、ＰＰＩＩＡ的抑制剂ｍｉｃｒｏｃｙｓｔｉｎｅ－ＬＲ可激活ＫＣａ，并能与外源性ＮＯ的激活效应相加。提示ｃＧＭＰ／ＰＫＧ并非外源性ＮＯ激活ＫＣａ的唯一途径；抑制脱磷酸化而相对增强磷酸化也可以激活ＫＣａ活动，并能与ＮＯ激活ＫＣａ产生协同效应     

双价痢疾菌苗株免疫小鼠后GALT中ASC的观测

为了观测两株菌苗ＦＳＭ－２１１７（Ｉｐａ－）、ＦＳ－５４１６（Ｉｐａ＋）免疫后所引起的肠粘膜相关淋巴组织（ＧＡＬＴ）中的免疫反应，以小鼠灌胃免疫为模型，应用ＢＡ－ＥＬＩＳＰＯＴ法检测了ＧＡＬＴ中诱导部位派伊尔小结（ＰＰ）、肠系膜淋巴结（ＭＬＮ）和抗原特异性抗体分泌细胞（ＡＳＣ），发现两菌苗株免疫小鼠后，ＰＰ结、ＭＬＮ中福氏、宋内氏抗原ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ抗体分泌细胞明显增加，尤以ＳＩｇＡ－ＡＳＣ为甚。株间差别无统计学意义。两株菌苗与对照组相比，都具有显著性差别     

Vascular anatomy for right colon lymphadenectomy

Since the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) mostly originates on the left side of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV), the ileocolic artery (ICA) and the right colic artery (RCA) cross the SMV. Understanding the three-dimensional relation of these vessels is important for dissecting these arteries to their origin. Hence, we conducted a study of the vascular anatomy of the right colon in 27 cadavers. The RCA was separate from the SMA in eight cases (30%). The RCA passed the SMV either anteriorly (5 cases, 63%) or posteriorly (3 cases, 38%). In seven (88%) of these eight cases, the ICA was posterior to the SMV. The ICA was identified in all 27 cases, and passed the SMV anteriorly in nine cases (33%) and posteriorly in 18 cases (67%). Thus, the ICA and the RCA may pass on either side of the SMV. The surgeon must dissect the arteries with the SMV, being aware of both possibilities.     

大鼠肠系膜上动脉和静脉各级分支中NPY免疫反应神经纤维密度的相关分析

用免疫组织化学ABC法结合葡萄糖氧化酶-DAB-硫酸镍铵(GDN)增强显色技术,对大鼠肠系膜上动脉和静脉及其分支中NPY免疫反应神经纤维的形态和分布进行了研究,并用交点计数法统计了其密度。结果发现,NPY免疫反应神经纤维的密度随肠系膜上动脉和静脉分支级别的增加而增加;肠系膜上动脉和静脉中相应分支级别上的NPY免疫反应神经纤维的密度没有显著差异。     

Plasma and lymph dopamine-beta-hydroxylase and norepinephrine during carotid occlusion.

Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and norepinephrine (NE) levels in superior mesenteric venous (SMV) and arterial blood and in intestinal lymph were determined sequentially before and during carotid artery occlusion (CAO) in anesthetized rabbits. During the first 15 min of CAO, SMV plasma NE increased 77% but SMV plasma DBH increased only 11%. During the second 15 min of CAO, SMV NE declined to 36% above control but SMV DBH rose further and peaked to 29% above control after CAO was released; arterial DBH and NE showed small insignificant changes. Lymph DBH and NE increased simultaneously throughout the period of CAO. Increases in mean arterial pressure during CAO correlated with superior mesenteric venous NE (r = 0.58, P less than 0.01). In additional experiments, hepatic vein plasma NE was 74% lower than portal vein NE. Thus, during acute sympathetic activation, DBH and NE increase in mesenteric venous plasma and intestinal lymph but the peak response of plasma DBH lags behind that of NE. The degree of NE change in the general circulation is minimized due to hepatic clearance of NE.     

Radiologic anatomy of the superior mesenteric vein and branching patterns of the first jejunal trunk: evaluation using multi-detector row CT venography

The purpose of this study was to describe radiologic anatomy of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and to evaluate branching patterns of the first jejunal trunk on axial CT images and multi-detector row CT (MDCT) venography in adults. Two hundred and twenty consecutive patients who underwent abdominal CT examinations were enrolled in this study. Appearance of the SMV, branching patterns of the first jejunal trunk, and drainage site of the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) were assessed on axial CT images and MDCT venography. The SMV and first jejunal trunk were identified in all patients. A single trunk of the SMV was present in 95% (210/220) and absent in 5% (10/220). First jejunal trunk crossed dorsal to the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) towards the left abdomen in 64% (141/220) and first jejunal trunk crossed ventral to the SMA in 19% (41/220). First jejunal trunk crossed dorsal to the SMA and abruptly turned towards the right abdomen in 17% (38/220). Among these 38 patients, biliary-enteric bypass surgery (n = 9) and large hematoma in left abdomen (n = 1) were present. The IMV was identified in 213 patients and was observed to drain into splenic vein in 112 patients (53%), SMV in 67 (31%), splenoportal confluence in 26 (12%), and first jejunal trunk in 8 (4%). In conclusion, the first jejunal trunk, abruptly turning toward the right abdomen, may be an anatomic variant or indirect finding of biliary-enteric anastomosis. The IMV may drain into the first jejunal trunk as well as splenic vein, splenoportal confluence, and SMV.     

腹腔镜右半结肠切除术相关血管的活体解剖学观察

目的阐明腹腔镜右半结肠切除术(laparoscopic right hemicolectomy,LRH)相关血管的活体解剖学特点。方法对36例接受LRH的肿瘤病人进行术中观察和术后录像复习。结果肠系膜上静脉(superior mesenteric vein,SMV)为起于右髂窝上缘,位于小肠系膜和升结肠系膜交界部的蓝色条纹。肠系膜上动脉在系膜内难以目视辨认,走行于SMV左侧。回结肠血管出现率100%,为升结肠系膜内、十二指肠水平部下缘附近、搏动的条索。胃结肠干出现率77.8%(28/36),包含上右结肠静脉/右结肠静脉者占比为89.3%(25/28);后者亦可直接注入SMV。胃结肠干于胰切迹右缘的横结肠后间隙汇入SMV右壁。右结肠动脉在胰颈下缘起始,常与胃结肠干伴行或交叉。结论正确的间隙(肠系膜内间隙)、标志和线索(肠系膜上静脉),是LRH中血管定位的解剖学基础。     

急性胰腺炎与胃肠道并发症相关性及原因分析

目的探讨急性胰腺炎的严重程度与胃肠道并发症发生机率的相关性及原因。方法收集93例急性胰腺炎病例,观察麻痹性肠梗阻、胃肠道水肿、肠系膜上动脉周围脂肪浸润及肠系膜上静脉血栓的螺旋CT表现。利用F isher确切算法对所有胃肠道并发症与重症胰腺炎之间的相关性进行分析。结果 CT发现胃肠道水肿37例、肠系膜上动脉周围脂肪浸润20例、麻痹性肠梗阻25例、肠系膜上静脉血栓1例,其对应的重症胰腺炎病例分别为35例、20例、24例、1例。这些胃肠道并发症与重症胰腺炎之间具有明显的相关性（P〈0.05）。结论胰腺炎的胃肠道并发症强烈提示急性胰腺炎的严重性,增强螺旋CT有利于显示急性胰腺炎的胃肠道并发症,特别是肠道血管性病变。     

Localization of mesenteric hyperemia during digestion in dogs.

For localization of the site of post-prandial mesenteric hyperemia, low-fat, low-protein food was placed in either the stomach, duodenum, or jejunum while blood flow was measured in the celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery (SMA), or jejunal vein of anesthetized dogs. Distribution of flow in the jejunal wall was also measured. After intragastric placement of food, celiac arterial flow increased within 5 min and remained elevated for 30-60 min; SMA flow increased within 30 min and stayed up for at least 3 h. Intra-duodenal infusion of digested food increased SMA flow but did not alter celiac flow or flow to an isolated jejunal segment. Placement of digested food into one jejunal segment increased flow to that segment did not affect flow was localized to the mucosal layer. These studies indicate that during digestion, blood flow increases in the mucosa of the intestine when exposed to chyme and is not changed in other areas of the gastrointestinal tract. Postprandial mesenteric hyperemia induced by low-fat, low-protein food is a local phenomenon.     

Surgical and radiological significance of variants of Bühler’s anastomotic artery a report of three cases

Abstract Arterial anastomoses between the celiac trunk (CT) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) include three variants. 1) The main anastomosis is the gastroduodenal artery (GDA), which is an important branch of the common hepatic artery and anastomoses with branches of the inferior pancreatic duodenal artery, a branch of the SMA. 2) The dorsal pancreatic artery (DPA) is usually a branch of the splenic artery, which anastomoses with the anterior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal arcades via a right transverse branch of the DPA (Kirk’s arcade). 3) A less well known and rarely reported arterial anastomosis between the CT and SMA described by Buhler (1904). Three patients in whom variants of this anastomosis were present on retrospective analysis of three hundred consecutive combined CT and SMA arteriograms are reported. The embryological basis of its development, the surgical and radiological significance of the anastomotic artery are discussed.     

Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in the Rat Colon

This study investigated metabolic and biochemical consequences of colonic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in the rat and evaluated whether antioxidants prevent I/R-induced functional damage in the rat colon. The surgical preparation involved a 10 cm segment of the colon and occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) to induce I/R. Arterial blood from the aorta and venous blood from the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) was collected to measure blood gases, lactic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites. Tissue xanthine oxidase (XO) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) derivatives were measured before and after reperfusion. In addition, vascular and mucosal permeability, and the effect of MDL 73404 (a water soluble vitamin E analog) and 5-aminosalicylic acid on LA, AA, XO and TBA was measured. After ischemia, the colon displayed a metabolic shift from aerobic to anaerobic course by increasing lactic acid production in the colon (183% increase in SMV lactate level compared 87% in the SMA; p < 0.03). After 10 minutes of reperfusion, circulating 6-keto-prostaglandin F₁ increased by 3.85 fold (p < 0.001) and thromboxane B₂ increased by 2 to 3 fold. An Ischemia time longer than 60 minutes was required to cause changes in tissue XO levels. Tissue TBA levels showed a good dose response corresponding with I/R time. I/R (60 minutes) caused a three and 16 fold increase (p < 0.01) in vascular and mucosal permeability, respectively. MDL 73404 and 5-aminosalicylic acid significantly inhibited the vascular permeability and decreased LA, AA, XO and TBA. These observations provide the first direct experimental evidence for I/R-induced damage in the colon and some of its effects can be reversed by conventional and novel antioxidants.     

The origin and distribution of 5-hydroxytryptamine-like immunoreactive nerve fibres to major mesenteric blood vessels of the rat

5-Hydroxytryptamine-like immunoreactive nerve plexuses were demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence histochemistry in whole-mount preparations and cryostat sections of blood vessels from the mesenteric vasculature of the adult rat. The major veins showed a density of innervation greater than that of the accompanying arteries. Removal of the coeliac-superior mesenteric ganglion complex resulted in almost total loss of 5-hydroxytryptamine-like immunoreactive nerves from superior mesenteric blood vessels. The results of crush lesions applied to distal vessels of the superior mesentery indicate that there were no 5-hydroxytryptamine-like immunoreactive nerve fibres extending from the enteric nervous system to these vessels. The administration of 6-hydroxydopamine resulted in a large reduction in the noradrenergic innervation, accompanied by a similar fall in the number of 5-hydroxytryptamine-like immunoreactive nerve fibres. It is suggested that the cell bodies of the 5-hydroxytryptamine-like immunoreactive nerve fibres demonstrated in the superior mesenteric vasculature are located within the sympathetic ganglia which supply the noradrenergic innervation to the same region and that the 5-hydroxytryptamine-like immunoreactivity may be co-localized with noradrenaline within sympathetic nerve fibres.