铜陵市区德国小蠊对5种常用杀虫剂的抗药性监测

目的调查铜陵市德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性现状,为指导防治提供科学依据。方法药膜接触法,计算抗性系数(R)。结果铜陵市德国小蠊对溴氰菊酯、顺式氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯、胺菊酯、敌敌畏5种杀虫剂的KT50分别为17.50、5.66、15.69、13.95、14.23 min,其抗性系数分别是敏感德国小蠊的4.48、1.19、3.14、4.02、1.31倍。结论铜陵市德国小蠊对溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯和胺菊酯产生了抗药性,其中以溴氰菊酯抗性系数为最高。对顺式氯氰菊酯和敌敌畏较为敏感。     

武汉市铁路旅客列车德国小蠊的抗药性调查

目的 了解武汉市铁路旅客列车德国小蠊对不同杀虫剂的抗药性,以及胶饵对其杀灭效果,以便科学合理地开展德国小蠊防治工作.方法 采用药膜法测定德国小蠊对7种杀虫剂的抗药性,实验室观察4种常用胶饵对德国小蠊的药效.结果 德国小蠊对残杀威、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、敌敌畏、乙酰甲胺磷、氯菊酯和胺菊酯7种杀虫剂的抗性倍数分别为5.7...     

邯郸市德国小蠊对5种杀虫剂的抗药性研究

目的掌握邯郸市德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗性水平。方法在室内条件下,采用三角烧瓶药膜法测定半数击倒时间（KT50）;试验时将德国小蠊分别放入用溴氰菊酯、残杀威、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯和乙酰甲胺磷制作的药膜瓶中,观察击倒率,计算抗性系数RR50。结果邯郸市德国小蠊对溴氰菊酯、残杀威、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷均产生了不同程度的抗药性,抗性系数分别为3.32、1.04、6.05、4.45、2.69,其中以高效氯氰菊酯抗性较高。结论邯郸市在防治德国小蠊时应减少高效氯氰菊酯的使用,可增加乙酰甲胺磷等有机磷和残杀威等氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂的使用;蟑螂对杀虫剂的抗药性应加强监测,了解抗性发生的程度,采取相应的防治策略。     

合肥市德国小蠊对6种常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查测定及防制对策

目的调查合肥市德国小蠊对溴氰菊酯、顺式氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯菊酯、胺菊酯和敌敌畏的抗药性现状,为指导防制提供科学依据。方法药膜接触法。结果合肥市德国小蠊对溴氰菊酯、顺式氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯菊酯、胺菊酯、敌敌畏6种杀虫剂的KT50分别为9.01、7.20、7.32、15.14、8.41、19.57min,其抗性系数分别是敏感德国小蠊的2.30、1.51、1.20、3.03、2.42、1.80倍。结论合肥市德国小蠊对溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯和胺菊酯产生了抗药性,以氯菊酯抗性为最高。对顺式氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和敌敌畏较为敏感。     

台州市蚊、蝇、蜚蠊对7种化学杀虫剂抗性调查

目的 了解台州市致倦库蚊、家蝇、德国小蠊对7种化学杀虫剂的抗性现状,为科学合理使用化学杀虫剂,指导病媒生物防制工作深入开展提供依据.方法 浸渍法,测定4龄期蚊幼虫半数致死浓度;点滴法,测定家蝇半数致死剂量;药膜法,测定德国小蠊半数击倒时间.结果 致倦库蚊自然种群对溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏、仲丁威抗性倍数依次为9.0、6.8、5.6、4.8、2.7倍;家蝇自然种群对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯、敌敌畏、胺菊酯的抗性倍数依次为31.9、24.8、15.6、9.5、9.2、4.4倍;德国小蠊自然种群对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯、残杀威的抗性倍数依次为5.1、3.5、3.2、2.8倍.结论 致倦库蚊、家蝇、德国小蠊自然种群对7种化学杀虫剂存在不同程度的抗药性.     

泰兴市淡色库蚊、家蝇和德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的 抗药性研究

摘要:目的　了解泰兴市淡色库蚊、家蝇和德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性状况,为制定科学、合理、有效的防治措施提供依据。方法　采用浸渍法、点滴法和药膜法分别测定淡色库蚊、家蝇和德国小蠊的抗药性。结果　泰兴市淡色库蚊对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯、双硫磷和仲丁威5种杀虫剂抗性倍数分别为2.38、0.58、2.09、13.75、3.04;家蝇对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、敌敌畏、辛硫磷和仲丁威5种杀虫剂抗性倍数分别为1528.50、152.39、1035.33、8.39、3.85;德国小蠊对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、残杀威、毒死蜱4种杀虫剂抗性倍数分别为2.49、3.53、1.16、2.85。结论　泰兴市淡色库蚊对高效氯氰菊酯敏感,对溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯和仲丁威产生低度抗性,对双硫磷产生中度抗性;家蝇对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和敌敌畏产生了超高抗性,对辛硫磷和仲丁威产生低度抗性;德国小蠊对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、毒死蜱、残杀威均产生低度抗性。     

泰安城区重要病媒种类抗药性调查及防制对策研究

摘要:目的　了解泰安城区重要病媒种类淡色库蚊及德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性状况,为科学合理使用杀虫剂提供依据。方法　淡色库蚊采用浸渍法,德国小蠊采用药膜接触法。结果　淡色库蚊对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯和氯菊酯的抗性系数分别是敏感品系的1.42、5.00和2.38倍。实验室德国小蠊敏感品系（S）对高效氯氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷、溴氰菊酯和残杀威的KT50分别为3.95、7.33、5.02和10.99 min。而现场品系（R）对上述杀虫剂的抗性系数分别是敏感品系的1.54、8.71、1.40和0.84倍。结论　泰安城区淡色库蚊对常用杀虫剂敏感的是高效氯氰菊酯和氯菊酯,产生抗药性的是溴氰菊酯。德国小蠊现场品系（R）对乙酰甲胺磷已产生抗性,对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯和残杀威敏感。建议采取环境治理为主,化学防治使用菊酯类杀虫剂提高灭杀效果,并继续加强抗药性监测,根据抗性变化科学合理地停用/选用杀虫剂,把淡色库蚊及德国小蠊密度控制在在较低水平。     

德国小蠊抗性品系对化学杀虫剂交互抗性的研究

目的　了解德国小蠊 (Blattellagermanica)抗氯氰菊酯品系对 5种常用化学杀虫剂的交互抗性 ,为合理使用杀虫剂提高防制效果提供依据。方法　药膜接触法。结果　抗氯氰菊酯德国小蠊对溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯、胺菊酯、残杀威和DDVP的抗性系数与室内敏感品系相比分别为 3 .11、3 .67、3 .3 5、1.18和 1.19倍。结论　长期大量使用一种杀虫剂德国小蠊易产生抗药性 ,并对杀虫机理相同的其他杀虫剂产生交互抗性 ,故在害虫防制时应科学合理使用杀虫剂     

德国小蠊对6种杀虫剂的抗性测定

目的测定德国小蠊对6种杀虫剂的抗药性，为选择用药提供依据。方法药膜接触法。结果现场德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、残杀威、高效氯氟氰菊酯、EBT的抗性系数分别为3、31、3．26、4．27和5．82，DDVP和溴氰菊酯处理组3d内未有中毒反应。结论德国小蠊防治前的抗性测定有助于合理选择杀虫剂，提高防治效果。     

大连市德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗性及趋势研究

目的测定德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗性,并与2008年测试结果相比较,为合理使用杀虫剂提供科学依据。方法点滴法。结果大连市区德国小蠊对氯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、敌敌畏、残杀威LD50值(μg/♀)依次为4.011 4、0.325 6、0.232 8、0.605 2、0.216 1,抗性系数依次为46.86、39.17、27.06、4.19、1.65。结论德国小蠊对氯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯已产生高度抗性,对敌敌畏和残杀威有低度抗性产生。     

How to train unit managers

Unit managers do need formal supervisory training. Training should focus on their approach to the decision making process as well as their performance within it. Quality circle training was deemed most appropriate, because it focuses on team management and the development of skills needed to handle interactions in team settings.     

机车乘务员膳食状况调查

为了给机车乘务员、运转车长的合理营养提供科学依据,预防营养缺乏病的发生,从而保证铁路运输生产的安全正点,笔者于2001年9月17日至2001年9月23日在吐鲁番公寓食堂进行了膳食状况调查.     

Chicago transit authority train noise exposure

To characterize noise exposure of riders on Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) trains, we measured noise levels twice on each segment of 7 of the 8 CTA train lines, which are named after colors, yielding 48 time-series measurements. We found the Blue Line has the highest noise levels compared to other train lines, with mean 76.9 dBA; and that the maximum noise level, 88.9 dBA occurred in the tunnel between the Chicago and Grand stations. Train segments involving travel through a tunnel had significantly higher noise levels than segments with travel on elevated and ground level tracks. While 8-hr doses inside the passenger cars were not estimated to exceed occupational exposure limits, train operators ride in a separate cab with operational windows and may therefore have higher noise exposures than riders. Despite the low risk of hearing loss for riders on CTA trains, in part because transit noise accounts for a small part of total daily noise exposure, 1-min average noise levels exceeded 85 dBA at times. This confirms anecdotal observations of discomfort due to noise levels, and indicates a need for noise management, particularly in tunnels.     

The SIFA train function safety circuit

Summary The SIFA is a paced secondary motor task, which is expected to monitor the train driver's fitness for service on engines of the German Federal Railway. Disregard of the device leads to an emergency braking. As, in contrast to a true vigilance test, the SIFA cycles are characterized by paced and clearly supraliminal signals; we presumed that adequate operation of the device does not necessarily correspond to sustained attention of the driver. This study shows how the SIFA can be effectively tested under laboratory conditions. Our design allows the reduction of vigilance as evident from the EEG, and a controlled investigation of the possible connection between different modes of SIFA operation, physical load, and different levels of vigilance. Finally, some sample registrations show that phases of low vigilance do occur and do not prevent adequate operation of the device. It is suggested that SIFA-trained persons can operate the SIFA in phases of low vigilance because a specific central nervous arousal reaction enables them to raise their level of vigilance in synchronisation with the SIFA cycles to a degree that makes the successful performance of this task possible. A future report will provide a quantified analysis of the correlation between vigilance reduction and SIFA operation.The SIFA has sometimes been referred to as a VMD (Vigilance monitoring device), see references