白藜芦醇和抗坏血酸对预防非典型肺炎方剂I和Ⅵ所致小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞DNA损伤的保护作用

目的研究白藜芦醇和抗坏血酸对预防非典型肺炎方剂Ⅰ和Ⅵ致小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞DNA损伤的保护作用.方法采用单细胞凝胶电泳方法研究白藜芦醇和抗坏血酸对预防非典型肺炎方剂Ⅰ和Ⅵ致小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞DNA损伤的保护作用.结果白藜芦醇(50,100,200 mg/kg×3 d)和抗坏血酸(50,100,200 mg/kg×3 d)对方剂Ⅰ和Ⅵ(临床等效量×3 d)所致的小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞DNA损伤呈剂量依赖性的保护作用(P＜0.05).结论白藜芦醇和抗坏血酸能够保护预防非典型肺炎方剂J和Ⅵ对小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞DNA的损伤.     

单细胞凝胶电泳检测烹调油烟对淋巴细胞DNA的损伤作用

目的 研究烹调油烟对体外和体内小鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤作用。方法 采用单细胞凝胶电泳,检测细胞DNA单链断裂,观察在不同剂量及浓度下的DNA损伤情况。结果 以10、50、100及200μg/L的油烟颗粒有机提取物染毒小鼠淋巴细胞,各剂量组均可引起小鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤。以10、20、40mg/m^3的烹调油烟染毒小鼠,也可引起小鼠体内淋巴细胞DNA损伤。烹调油烟引起的小鼠体外和体内淋巴细胞DNA损伤均存在剂量－效应关系,且整体染毒显示存在时间－效应关系。结论 一定剂量的烹调油烟能引起小鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤。     

单细胞凝胶电泳检测烹调油烟对淋巴细胞DNA的损伤作用

目的　研究烹调油烟对体外和体内小鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤作用。方法　采用单细胞凝胶电泳 ,检测细胞DNA单链断裂 ,观察在不同剂量及浓度下的DNA损伤情况。结果　以 10、50、10 0及 2 0 0 μg/L的油烟颗粒有机提取物染毒小鼠淋巴细胞 ,各剂量组均可引起小鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤。以 10、2 0、4 0mg/m3的烹调油烟染毒小鼠 ,也可引起小鼠体内淋巴细胞DNA损伤。烹调油烟引起的小鼠体外和体内淋巴细胞DNA损伤均存在剂量 -效应关系 ,且整体染毒显示存在时间 -效应关系。结论　一定剂量的烹调油烟能引起小鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤     

锰对小鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤的研究

目的:研究不同剂量染锰小鼠淋巴细胞 DNA损伤的情况。 方法:随机分为正常对照组和 3个剂量组(低、中、高剂量组 ) ,给小鼠腹腔注射氯化锰 ,6周后采用单细胞凝胶电泳实验检测染锰小鼠外周血淋巴细胞 DNA链断裂情况 ,并进行对比分析。 结果:低、中、高剂量组小鼠淋巴细胞 DNA损伤率明显高于正常对照组 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论:氯化锰可引起小鼠淋巴细胞 DNA的损伤     

硫酸铍对小鼠体外脾淋巴细胞DNA损伤的剂量效应

目的:观察不同剂量硫酸铍(BeSO4)在不同时相处理后引发小鼠体外脾淋巴细胞的DNA链断裂损伤的剂量效应. 方法:采用单细胞凝胶电泳法(SCGE)分别测定BALB/c小鼠脾淋巴细胞体外染毒0.2, 2, 20, 100和200 μmol/L 1 h和2 h后DNA链断裂损伤情况. 结果:在不同剂量硫酸铍染毒1 h后,脾淋巴细胞出现DNA链断裂损伤的测定指标在各剂量组明显高于对照;染毒1 h 和2 h后,细胞均出现明显的DNA链断裂损伤,但其相同剂量组之间差异无显著性. 结论:硫酸铍可诱发小鼠体外脾淋巴细胞的DNA链断裂损伤.     

免疫功能受损的T淋巴细胞低剂量辐射效应

目的观察低剂量辐射对免疫功能受损的T淋巴细胞的影响。方法用同位素掺入法观察免疫功能受损的小鼠和营养不良患儿T淋巴细胞DNA、蛋白质合成及其低剂量辐射效应。结果2.5 Gy全身照射和环磷酰胺(CTX)腹腔注射小鼠外周血WBC分别在第4 d和第6 d下降最为明显,WBC分别从4850×106/L降至1078×106/L,4878×106/L降至1400×106/L。T淋巴细胞3H-TdR(3H-胸腺嘧啶核苷)掺入明显下降,每分钟放射性计数(CPM)分别从6075降至4099,5764降至3715。与0 cGy组相比,经5 cGy辐射后3H-TdR掺入明显增加,CPM分别从4099升至5639,3715升至5404。5 cGy辐射还可以明显增加营养不良患儿T淋巴细胞14C-TdR(14C-胸腺嘧啶核苷)和3H-Tyr(3H-酪氨酸)的掺入,CPM分别从5179升至6201,1393升至2371。结论适宜的低剂量辐射对免疫功能受损的T淋巴细胞DNA、蛋白质合成有刺激效应。     

甲型H1N1流感重症患者血象的动态变化及意义

目的通过对21例甲型H1N1流感重症患者的外周血液检测数据的研究,动态监测H1N1患者的血液指标变化,探讨其在疾病发生、发展转归中的临床意义。旨在初步探讨甲型H1N1患者血液学指标变化规律,为临床评估病情变化、指导治疗,提供帮助。方法本文收集黑龙江省医院2009-09～2011-01期间,确诊H1N1流感重症病例21例,对其外周血液指标进行检测分析。结果入院时,21例患者外周血白细胞计数为(4.09±2.61)×109/L,随后WBC渐升高,至治疗第3 d,90%的病例WBC计数恢复正常;入院时,淋巴细胞<0.8×109/L者占71.4%(15/21),计数为0.16～0.73×109/L,平均0.51×109/L;入院治疗3 d后,淋巴细胞计数至(0.58～2.94)×109/L,平均1.07×109/L,比率至0.13～0.47,均值为0.22;入院治疗6 d后,有86%患者淋巴细胞绝对数恢复正常。其中6例患者血小板下降,占28.6%。其他细胞分类及血红蛋白无明显异常。结论白细胞降低及淋巴细胞降低可视为H1N1重症感染的早期临床特征,白细胞及淋巴细胞的恢复,可作为判定疗效的参考指标;淋巴细胞的降低,显示H1N1病毒严重侵害患者免疫系统,淋巴细胞的转归正常,可作为监测患者免疫功能重建的指征。     

人类免疫缺陷病毒DNA疫苗黏膜免疫小鼠免疫力研究

目的以人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)疫苗免疫BALB/c(H-2d)小鼠为模型,探讨有效活化黏膜与系统免疫力的策略。方法将6~8周龄BALB/c小鼠随机分为6组,每组3只;利用DNA疫苗加或不加疫苗佐剂滴鼻途径进行黏膜引导免疫,利用重组痘苗天坛株疫苗进行系统加强的策略以提高机体免疫反应。DNA疫苗免疫时间是0、14、28d,剂量每只小鼠10μg/次;重组痘苗病毒加强免疫时间是第42天,剂量每只小鼠1×107PFU/次。初次免疫后第56天处死小鼠。ELISPOT和胞内染色测定T淋巴细胞免疫反应;ELISA法测血清特异的IgG和鼻咽部、肺部灌洗液特异的IgA。结果单独DNA疫苗黏膜免疫后只活化微弱的系统T细胞免疫(2±1)斑点形成细胞(spotformingcells,SFC/106个细胞),黏膜共同施用霍乱毒素可提高相应的系统T细胞免疫力(14±11SFC/106个细胞),重组痘苗天坛株疫苗系统加强后,分泌γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)的特异性T淋巴细胞升高4·5倍(61±35SFC/106个细胞);胞内染色可获得1·8%±1·4%HIV-1Gag特异性CD8+T细胞免疫反应,同时,血清中特异性IgG抗体与肺部灌洗液的特异性IgA抗体水平在痘苗天坛株疫苗系统加强后分别提高2倍吸光度(A)值:1·5±0·3和2·5倍(A值:1·8±0·8)。结论黏膜进行引导免疫并辅以系统加强的免疫策略可诱发有效的黏膜、系统体液免疫反应和T淋巴细胞免疫。     

氨磷汀对足叶乙甙所致小鼠DNA损伤和造血损伤的预防作用研究

目的了解细胞保护剂氨磷汀(WR-2721)在拓扑异构酶Ⅱ抑制剂足叶乙甙(VP-16)对小鼠遗传损伤和造血损伤中的预防作用。方法以昆明小鼠为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将小鼠分为1、5、15 mg/kg VP-16处理组(A1、A2、A3);上述不同剂量VP-16联合200 mg/kg WR-2721处理组(B1、B2、B3);C组给予等体积生理盐水;D组给予WR-2721。通过单细胞凝胶电泳,计数拖尾细胞发生率和DNA迁移度;比较各组嗜多染红细胞(PCE)中微核(MN)比率的差异;统计各组小鼠存活率、外周血白细胞和骨髓粒-巨噬系集落形成单位(CFU-GM)。结果联合WR-2721后,MN发生率、DNA受损淋巴细胞百分率、DNA迁移度及小鼠30 d存活率、平均存活时间、外周血白细胞计数、骨髓CFU-GM计数均较单用VP-16对照组改善明显。结论WR-2721能有效降低VP-16导致的小鼠遗传损伤和骨髓造血损伤。     

番茄红素对小鼠脂类及细胞DNA氧化损伤的影响

目的 建立小鼠前胃癌模型,探讨番茄红素对小鼠前胃癌的抑制机制及对脂类和淋巴细胞DNA的抗氧化损伤作用.方法 昆明小鼠随机分成5组,实验3组饲喂高、中、低不同剂量的番茄红素饲料.阳性与正常对照组饲喂正常饲料,实验组与阳性组灌喂含人类致癌物苯并(a)芘B(a)P的色拉油(浓度为5 mg/mL),正常对照组给予相同剂量的色拉油,每周两次,共8次,建立前胃癌模型,24周后处死动物,观察肿瘤生长及脂类和淋巴细胞DNA的氧化损伤情况.结果 番茄红素具有明显的抗肿瘤作用,给予番茄红素后能降低前胃癌的发生率,可提高小鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶SOD、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px活性,降低丙二醛MDA含量和减少淋巴细胞DNA的氧化损伤(P<0.05).结论 番茄红素具有明显抑制肿瘤生长的作用,其作用机制可能与增强机体抗氧化酶功能,降低脂类氧化产物MDA,减少淋巴细胞DNA损伤有关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.