妥卡尼对豚鼠心室肌细胞钙电流和钾电流的抑制作用

利用酶分散的成年豚鼠心室肌细胞和全细胞电压钳技术,研究了妥卡尼(tocainide)对心室肌细胞钙电流(I_ca)、延迟整流钾电流(I_k)和ATP敏感性钾电流(Ik,ATP)的作用。结果表明,妥卡尼对I_ca和I_k均显示浓度相关的抑制作用,妥卡尼50umol·L^-1对I_ca和I_k的抑制率分别为16%和3%。这可能是妥卡尼有效抑制室上性心动过速和缩短心肌动作电位平台期的重要机制。     

蝙蝠葛碱对豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙电流阻断作用

目的：研究蝙蝠葛碱对豚鼠心室肌细胞Ｌ型钙电流的阻断作用及其特性。方法：利用全细胞记录方法，记录单个豚鼠心室肌细胞Ｌ型钙电流。结果：蝙蝠葛碱１，１０，１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１可使钙电流分别减少１５．２％±２．２％，４１％±５％，８２％±８％。冲洗后，可使钙电流部分恢复，蝙蝠葛碱具有浓度依赖性阻断钙电流的作用。在刺激频率３Ｈｚ与１Ｈｚ，其阻断钙电流的程序相似。结论：蝙蝠葛碱具有阻断Ｌ型钙电流的作用。     

罗哌卡因对豚鼠心室肌细胞钠电流、钙电流和钾电流的影响

目的:研究罗哌卡因(Rop)对豚鼠心室肌细胞钠电流(Ⅰ_(Na))、L-型钙电流(Ⅰ_(Ca-L)、内向整流钾电流(Ⅰ_(Kl)及延迟整流钾电流(I_K)的影响.方法:全细胞膜片箝技术.结果:罗哌卡因10,50与100μmol/L使Ⅰ_(Na)的峰电流分别减小8.3％、33.3 ％和62.5％(P<0.01),使失活时间常数分别延长8.2％、24.7％和64.1％(P<0.05);罗哌卡因50与100μmol/L使Ⅰ_(Ca-L)的峰电流分别减小7.6％和22.5％(P<0.05),使慢失活时间常数分别延长15.5％和33.0％(P<0.01);罗哌卡因50与100μmol/L对Ⅰ_(Kl)和Ⅰ_K的峰电流无明显影响.结论:罗哌卡因抑制Ⅰ_(Na)和Ⅰ_(Ca-L),可能与其心脏毒性作用有关.     

N-甲基小檗胺对豚鼠单一心室肌细胞ATP敏感钾电流的影响

目的　研究Ｎ 甲基小檗胺对豚鼠单一心室肌细胞ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流的作用。方法　膜片钳制技术全细胞记录模式。结果　Ｎ 甲基小檗胺抑制心室肌细胞ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流（ＩＫＡＴＰ）且具浓度依赖关系。指令电位为０ｍＶ时,３种浓度Ｎ 甲基小檗胺（０－１,１,１０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）可使ＩＫＡＴＰ分别由给药前的（０－４６±０－０９）ｎＡ,（０－４３±０－１５）ｎＡ和（０－４７±０－１０）ｎＡ减少至给药后的（０－３７±０－０７）ｎＡ（ｎ＝４,Ｐ＜０－０５）,（０－２９±０－１８）ｎＡ（ｎ＝５,Ｐ＜０－０５）和（０－２１±０－０７）ｎＡ（ｎ＝４,Ｐ＜０－０５）。其抑制率分别为１８－８１％±６－１６％（Ｐ＜０－０５）,４１－４７％±２４－０５％（Ｐ＜０－０５）和５５－００％±１２－９４％（Ｐ＜０－０５）。其它指令电位下的ＩＫＡＴＰ的改变也符合此趋势。结论　Ｎ 甲基小檗胺阻断豚鼠心肌细胞ＡＴＰ敏感Ｋ＋钾通道。     

羧甲基壳聚糖对大鼠单一心室肌细胞ATP敏感钾电流的作用

目的 研究羧甲基壳聚糖对大鼠单一心宣肌细胞ATP敏感钾电流(IkAIP)的作用.方法 急性分离大鼠心室肌细胞,利用膜片钳削技术全细胞记录法,保持电位-40mV,指令电位-100～ 50mV,步阶脉冲10mV,波宽200ms,刺激间隔6s的方波钳制方案进行刺激.结果 羧甲基壳聚糖抑制心室肌细胞IKATP,且具有剂量依赖关系.指令电位在 50mV时,3种浓度羧甲基壳聚糖(0.1%,0.2%,0.3%)可使IKATP分别降低至给药前的66.1%±9.9%,50.3%±13.3%和39.8%±9.5%(n=7).其它指令电位下的IKATP改变也符合此趋势.结论 羧甲基壳聚糖剂量依赖性地抑制大鼠单一心室肌细胞IKATP,这可能是其抗心律失常的机制之一.     

参松养心胶囊对大鼠心室肌细胞L型钙电流和瞬时外向钾电流的抑制作用

目的:研究参松养心胶囊对大鼠心室肌细胞L型钙电流(ICa-L)和瞬时外向钾电流(Ito)的抑制作用。方法:20只SD大鼠随机均分为对照(等容生理盐水)组与参松养心胶囊(0.5 g/kg)组,灌胃给药,每天1次,连续2周。采用全细胞膜片钳技术记录大鼠心室肌细胞的ICa-L与Ito。结果:与对照组比较,参松养心胶囊组大鼠ICa-L电流密度降低,峰值降低,ICa-L电流-电压(I-V)曲线上移,Ito电流密度降低,峰值降低,ItoI-V曲线下移。结论 :参松养心胶囊可抑制大鼠心室肌ICa-L与Ito,可能是其抗心律失常的重要机制。     

盐酸非洛普对豚鼠心室肌细胞延迟整流钾电流的抑制作用

目的　已知盐酸非洛普〔1 (2 ,6 二甲基苯氧基 ) 2 (3,4 二甲氧基苯乙氨基 )丙烷盐酸盐 ,DDPH〕对心肌钙电流和钠电流具有抑制作用 ,为全面了解其抗心律失常作用的离子机理 ,研究其对延迟整流钾电流的影响。方法　全细胞膜片钳技术记录豚鼠心室肌细胞快激活的延迟整流钾电流的尾电流(IKr tail)和慢激活的延迟整流钾电流 (IKs)及其尾电流 (IKs tail)。结果　DDPH(1～ 10 0 μmol·L- 1)浓度依赖性地抑制IKr tail,其IC50 为 7.0 (95 %可信限为4 .2 3～ 9.76 ) μmol·L- 1;DDPH 10 μmol·L- 1对IKr tail具有电压依赖性抑制作用。DDPH 10 ,30和 10 0 μmol·L- 1可浓度依赖性地抑制IKs及其IKs tail,使IKs从给药前的 (9.1± 0 .7)pA·pF- 1分别降至 (7.7± 1.7) ,(7.5± 1.8)和 (5 .6± 1.8)pA·pF- 1(P <0 .0 1) ;使IKs tail从给药前的 (1.4± 0 .2 )pA·pF- 1分别降至(1.1± 0 .2 ) ,(0 .9± 0 .2 )和 (0 .6± 0 .2 )pA·pF- 1(P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;DDPH 30 μmol·L- 1对IKs tail具有电压依赖性抑制作用。结论　DDPH对豚鼠心室肌细胞延迟整钾电流具有抑制作用。     

苄基四氢巴马汀对豚鼠心室肌细胞钾电流及钙、钠电流的作用

目的：研究苄基四氢巴马汀（BTHP）对心肌细胞的作用特点,以探讨其抗心律失常机制。方法：用全细胞膜片钳技术考察BTHP对心室肌细胞钾电流及钙、钠电流的作用。结果：BTHP 30 μmol.L^-1明显阻滞延迟整流钾电流（I_K包括：I_Kr及I_Ks）。可使I_Kr及I_Kr,tail的幅值下降,且对I_Kr阻滞作用呈频率依赖性;对I_Ks及I_Ks,tail幅值也有明显的抑制作用。BTHP 200　μmol.L^-1可明显阻滞I_Ca,L,使其电流幅值降低,但对I_K1,I_Ca,T,I_Na电流均无影响。结论：BTHP可明显阻滞心室肌细胞I_Kr,I_Ks,I_Ca,L电流,且对I_Kr阻滞作用呈频率依赖性。     

17β-雌二醇对豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙电流的抑制作用

目的观察17β-雌二醇对豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙电流的影响及其与雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ER)的关系。方法酶机械法分离豚鼠单个心室肌细胞;膜片钳全细胞模式观察17β-雌二醇对单个心室肌细胞L型钙电流(ICa-L)的影响,并通过加入雌激素受体阻断剂tamoxifen(TAM)研究该作用与雌激素受体的关系。结果 17β-雌二醇(10-9～10-7mol.L-1)使ICa-L峰电流密度值从(-3.5±0.6)pA.pF-1分别减少至(-2.4±0.3)pA.pF-1、(-1.9±0.3)pA.pF-1和(-1.1±0.3)pA.pF-1(与对照组比较,均为P<0.01,n=5)。TAM(10-7 mol.L-1)预处理后,17β-雌二醇(10-7mol.L-1)使ICa-L峰电流密度值从(-3.5±0.6)pA.pF-1减少到(-1.0±0.2)pA.pF-1(与对照组比较,P<0.01,n=5),与未应用TAM(10-7 mol.L-1)预处理时比较,ICa-L峰电流密度值无变化(P>0.05,n=5)。结论 17β-雌二醇抑制豚鼠心室肌细胞ICa-L的作用呈浓度依赖性,雌激素受体阻断剂TAM不能阻断17β-雌二醇对豚鼠心室肌细胞ICa-L的抑制作用,提示17β-雌二醇对ICa-L的抑制作用可能与ER作用无关。     

牛磺酸对豚鼠单一心室肌细胞钙离子电流的作用

应用全细胞膜片钳制技术观察了牛磺酸对豚鼠单一心室肌细胞慢内向钙离子电流的作用，实验结果显示：牛磺酸能减少心室肌细胞的Ｃａ＾２＋内流。此作用具有明显的电压依赖性，对其反转电位无明显影响。     

Blocking effects of phentolamine on L-type calcium current and ATP-sensitive potassium current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes

目的：研究酚妥拉明对豚鼠心室肌细胞Ｌ型钙电流及ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流的作用．方法：用膜片钳的全细胞记录方式观察钙电流和ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流．结果：酚妥拉明５，２５和１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１对钙电流呈浓度依赖性和非电压依赖性的抑制作用，抑制率分别为１７％，２３％和３０％，而对电流电压关系没有影响．这一抑制作用与酚妥拉明对α１和α２受体的作用无关．酚妥拉明１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１可显著抑制ＤＮＰ诱导产生的ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流，抑制率为７５％．结论：酚妥拉明显著抑制豚鼠心室肌细胞Ｌ型钙电流和ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流．     

双苯氟嗪对豚鼠心室肌细胞L-钙电流的影响

目的:观察双苯氟嗪(Dip)对豚鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙电流(I_(Ca-L))的影响。方法:酶解法制备单个心室肌细胞。应用全细胞膜片箝技术记录豚鼠单个心室肌细胞钙电流。结果:在0.3-30μmol/L范围内,Dip可浓度依赖性地降低电压依赖性激活I_(Ca-L)峰值,被Dip 3μmol/L所抑制的I_(Ca-L)在冲洗5min后可得到部份恢复。但Dip对I_(Ca-L)的电压依赖特征,最大激活电压,以及I_(Ca-L)稳态激活无明显影响。在Dip3μmol/L存在下,半数激活电压(V_(0.5))和斜率参数(к)与对照组相比,差异均无显著性。V_(0.5)分别为(-12.8±1.7)mV和(-13.2±2.4)mV,к分别为(7.1±0.4)mV和(7.5±0.5)mV(P>0.05)。Dip3μmol/L可明显使钙电流稳态失活曲线左移,加速钙通道电压依赖性稳态失活。V_(0.5)分别为(-19.7±2.4)mV和(-31±6)mV,к分别为(3.6±0.3)mV和(1.8±0.2)mV(P<0.05).Dip 3μmol/L还使I_(Ca-L)从失活状态下的恢复明显减慢。结论:Dip主要作用于L-型钙通道的失活状态,加速钙通道失活,并使其从失活状态下恢复减慢,从而抑制I_(Ca-L)。     

Elevated cAMP suppresses muscarinic inhibition of L-type calcium current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes.

We investigated the effect of carbachol (CCh) on L-type Ca2+ current (ICa(L)) enhanced by dialyzed adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and/or bath-applied 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) in guinea pig isolated ventricular myocytes. At pipette concentrations ([cAMP]pip) from 30 microM to 1 mM, cAMP increased ICa(L) to 25.8 +/- 0.9 microA/cm2 (682 +/- 24.8% increase above control). CCh (100 microM) did not inhibit ICa(L) at any [cAMP]pip. IBMX, a nonselective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, increased ICa(L) maximally at 300 microM IBMX (17.9 +/- 0.7 microA/cm2; 449 +/- 20% increase). CCh (100 microM) inhibited ICa(L) by 92 +/- 9.5% at 30 microM IBMX and 78 +/- 4.6% at 100 microM IBMX; this effect was reduced or absent at higher IBMX concentrations (300 and 1,000 microM). Coadministration of cAMP and IBMX also progressively suppressed inhibition by CCh. CCh had a negligible effect on ICa(L) at 750 microM IBMX in the absence of pipette cAMP and at 50 microM IBMX in the presence of 100 microM [cAMP]pip. ACh-activated K+ current (IK(ACh)) was unchanged in atrial myocytes dialyzed with 100 microM cAMP; this excludes a phosphorylation-dependent desensitization of the muscarinic receptor (mAChR) or Gi by cAMP. LY83583 (100 microM), an inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production, attenuated inhibition of ICa(L) by CCh in the presence of IBMX. 8-Bromo-cGMP (8-Br-cGMP), an activator of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), mimicked CCh in its actions on ICa(L) raised by both cAMP (no significant change) and IBMX (49 +/- 5.1% inhibition). Okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A phosphatases, blocked inhibition of IBMX-stimulated ICa(L) by either CCh or 8-Br-cGMP. Thus the ability of CCh to inhibit ICa(L) appears caused by cGMP/PKG activation of an okadaic acid-sensitive protein phosphatase, and elevated levels of cAMP protect against this action.     

Perforated patch recording of L-type calcium current with beta-escin in guinea pig ventricular myocytes

AIM: To establish a perforated patch recording (PPR) mode with beta-escin and compare L-type calcium current (I(Ca,L)) recorded under PPR and normal whole-cell recording (WCR) condition in isolated guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. METHODS: Single myocytes were dissociated by enzymatic dissociation method. beta-escin was added to the pipette solution to perforate the cell membrane and obtain PPR mode. I(Ca,L) was recorded using PPR and WCR techniques. RESULTS: beta-Escin 20, 25, and 30 micromol/L could permeabilize the cell membrane and obtain PPR mode. With beta-escin 25 micromol/L, the success rate was highest (16/17, 94 %) and the time required for permibilization was 2-15 (8+/-4) min. Run-down of I(Ca,L) was considerably slower in PPR than in WCR condition. The amplitude of I(Ca,L) was decreased by 36 % at 20 min after the formation of WCR, while it was slowly decreased by 8 % at 30 min after the formation of PPR. The current-voltage relation (I-V) curves, activation and inactivation curves of I(Ca,L) were not significantly different between WCR and PPR. The inactivation rate of ICa,L was slower in PPR than in WCR, the faster inactivation time constant (tau(f)) was longer in PPR than in WCR at membrane potentials of -20 mV -- +10 mV (n=6, P<0.05), and the slower time constant (tau(s)) was also longer in PPR than in WCR at membrane potentials of -10 mV to +10 mV (n=6, P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the activation rate in WCR and PPR. CONCLUSION: Using beta-escin 25 micromol/L can easily obtain stable PPR in isolated guinea-pig ventricular myocytes, and this method is useful in dealing with channels, which show run-down under normal WCR such as L-type Ca channel.     

白藜芦醇对豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙通道的影响

目的研究白藜芦醇(resveratrol,RES)对豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙通道的影响。方法酶解法分离单个豚鼠心室肌细胞,采用全细胞膜片钳技术记录白藜芦醇对豚鼠单个心室细胞L型钙通道电流(ICa-L)的影响。结果不同浓度的RES明显抑制ICa-L,1、10、100μmol.L-1L的RES使其峰电流密度从(12.96±1.48)pA/pF减少到(11.36±1.59)、(9.96±1.51)和(7.77±0.68)pA/pF(n=6,P<0.01),冲洗后可恢复至(11.85±0.83)pA/pF。RES可使ICa-L的I-U关系曲线上移,其形状和峰值电压保持不变;RES还可使通道的激活曲线右移,但失活曲线和失活恢复时间无改变。结论白藜芦醇通过延长L型钙通道激活过程而明显抑制ICa-L,减少细胞外的钙离子内流,延长有效不应期,从而发挥抗心律失常作用。     

Effects of Ginkgolide B on action potential and calcium, potassium current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes

INTRODUCTION Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) is extracted fromthe leaves of Ginkgo biloba. GbE is a multicomponentdrug with a polyvalent action. In Germany and France,such extracts were used effectively to treat cerebraldysfunction and peripheral circulatory disturbances[1].The results of clinical trails support new indications forGbE in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, par-ticularly in the prevention of ischemic heart syndromes[2].The primary active constituents of GbE incl…     

异型南五味子丁素和戈米辛J对豚鼠心室肌细胞L—型钙离子通道的阻断作用

目的：研究异型南五味子丁素（HD）和戈米辛J（GJ）对豚鼠心肌L－型钙离子通道的作用。方法：全细胞膜片箝记录。结果：异型南五子丁素1,10μmol／L及戈米辛J10μmol／L可抑制L－型Ca^2 电流。HD和GJ对钙电流稳态激活都无影响,但它们可改变钙电流的稳态失活,提示两种药物作用于L－型钙通道的失活态.结论：HD和GJ对豚鼠心室肌细胞L－型钙离子通道有阻断作用。     

阿米洛利对豚鼠心肌细胞钾电流及钙电流的作用

目的研究阿米洛利（amiloride）对豚鼠心肌细胞钾电流及钙电流的作用。方法采用全细胞膜片钳技术记录豚鼠心室肌细胞钾通道及钙通道电流。结果阿米洛利在10~100 μmol·L^-1抑制L型及T型钙电流,不改变钙电流I-V曲线的形状，仅抑制这两型电流的幅度。当累积浓度达100 μmol·L^-1时，阿米洛利轻微抑制快激活延迟整流钾电流(I_Kr)，对慢激活延迟整流钾电流(I_Ks)无影响。阿米洛利在1~100 μmol·L^-1浓度依赖性地抑制内向整流钾电流(I_K1)。结论阿米洛利抑制电压依赖性的钾、钙电流，为其抗心律失常作用提供了离子基础。     

DDPH inhibited L-type calcium current and sodium current in single ventricular myocyte of guinea pig.

AIM: To investigate the effects of 1-(2, 6-dimethylphenoxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-ethylamino)propane hydrochloride (DDPH) on L-type calcium current (ICa) and sodium current (INa), and to compare its inhibitory potency with verapamil and mexiletine. METHODS: Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record ICa and INa in a single ventricular myocytes of guinea pig. RESULTS: (1) DDPH (3 - 300 micromol . L-1) decreased ICa at 0 mV in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 28.5 micromol . L-1 (95 % confidence limits: 14.3 - 42.7 micromol . L-1, n = 8 cells from 8 guinea pigs). Verapamil (0.3 - 30 micromol . L-1) reduced ICa with an IC50 value of 1.8 micromol . L-1 (95 % confidence limits: 1.3 - 2.3 micromol . L-1, n = 6 cells from 6 guinea pigs). Mexiletine 100 micromol . L-1 did not affect ICa (n = 5 cells from 5 guinea pigs, P > 0.05). The degree of use-dependent blocking effect of DDPH 30 micromol/L on ICa was 58 % +/- 13 % (n = 5 cells from 5 guinea pigs, P < 0.01) at 1 Hz and 76 % +/- 11 % (n = 5 cells from 5 guinea pigs, P < 0.01) at 3 Hz. (2) DDPH (20 - 320 micromol . L-1) could also block INa in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 89.0 micromol . L-1 (95 % confidence limits: 68.7 - 109.3 micromol . L-1, n = 9 cells from 9 guinea pigs). The IC50 value of mexiletine was 32.2 micromol . L-1 (95 % confidence limits: 11.7 - 52.7 micromol . L-1, n = 5 cells from 5 guinea pigs). Verapamil at the concentration of 10 micromol . L-1 did not affect INa (n = 5 cells from 5 guinea pigs, P > 0.05). The blocking effect of DDPH 80 micromol/L on INa was non use-dependent. CONCLUSION: DPH exhibited inhibitory effects on both ICa and INa, but its inhibitory effect on ICa was weaker than verapamil, and on INa was weaker than mexiletine.     

Inhibitory effects of dauricine on potassium currents in guinea pig ventricular myocytes

AIM: To study the effects of dauricine(Dau) on the rapidly activating component (IKr), the slowly activating component (IKs) of the delayed rectifier potassium current, and the inward rectifier potassium current (IKl) in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. METHODS: Single myocytes were dissociated by enzymatic dissociation method. The currents were recorded with the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. RESULTS: (1) Dau 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100 mumol.L-1 blocked IKr and tail current (IKr-tail) in a concentration-dependent manner. The IC50 for block of IKr-tail was 16 (95% confidence limits: 13-22) mumol.L-1. The time constant of IKr-tail deactivation was (140 +/- 38) ms in the control and (130 +/- 26) ms in the presence of Dau 30 mumol.L-1 (n = 6 cells from 3 animals, P > 0.05). (2) Dau 1-100 mumol.L-1 produced concentration-dependent blocks of IKs and tail current (IKs-tail). The IC50 value for block of IKs-tail was 33 (95% confidence limits: 24-46) mumol.L-1. The time constant of IKs-tail deactivation was (92 +/- 18) ms in the control and (84 +/- 16) ms in the presence of Dau 30 mumol.L-1 (n = 8 cells from 4 animals, P > 0.05). (3) Addition of Dau 30 mumol.L-1 induced block of IKs and IKs-tail (n = 7 cells from 3 animals). The degree of block of IKs and IKs-tail depended on test potentials, increasing with more positive depolarizations. (4) Dau 20 mumol.L-1 blocked mainly inward component of IKl and reduced the reversal potential from -72 mV (control) to -78 mV (n = 6 cells from 3 animals). CONCLUSION: (1) Dau inhibited IKs, but not the process of IKs deactivation. (2) Dau blocked IKr, but not the process of deactivation. (3) Dau had a blocking effect on IKl.