大鼠CD4+ CD25+ T调节细胞的分离培养及其功能分析

目的:研究大鼠CD4 CD25 T调节细胞(Tr)的分离培养,并对其功能进行初步分析。方法:无菌条件下切取大鼠脾脏分离脾淋巴细胞。用免疫磁珠细胞分离系统(MACS)分选CD4 CD25 T细胞,并以流式细胞术检测其纯度后,对其进行扩增。采用混合淋巴细胞反应研究CD4 CD25 Tr细胞对CD4 CD25-T细胞的免疫抑制作用。用ELISA法检测培养上清中IL-2、IFN-γ及IL-10水平的差异。结果:MACS分离的CD4 CD25 T细胞的纯度达86%~93%。该细胞与CD4 CD25-T细胞相比能特异性地表达Foxp3基因。体外培养中能明显抑制效应T细胞增殖及其分泌IFN-γ、IL-2,但其自身能分泌Th2型细胞因子IL-10。结论:采用MACS系统阴性加阳性分选,可高效快速的获得理想纯度和免疫抑制功能的大鼠CD4 CD25 T调节细胞,该细胞对CD4 CD25-T细胞具有明显的免疫抑制作用,并能特异性的表达Foxp3基因。     

CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+调节性T细胞在子宫内膜癌患者外周血中的表达及意义

探讨在子宫内膜癌患者外周血中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞的表达情况及意义。采用流式细胞术检测84例术前子宫内膜癌患者及40例子宫肌瘤患者外周血中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+细胞比例及Foxp3平均荧光强度,采用qRT-PCR检测两组患者外周血中Foxp3的mRNA表达情况,同时采用ELISA检测外周血中TGF-β1和IL-17含量。与子宫肌瘤组比较,子宫内膜癌患者外周血中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞的比例虽略有升高但没有统计学意义(P=0.08),而CD4+CD25+细胞内Foxp3的平均荧光强度明显升高(P<0.001)。子宫内膜癌患者外周血中Foxp3的mRNA表达要明显多于子宫肌瘤组(P<0.001)。子宫内膜癌患者外周血中TGF-β1、IL-17的含量要多于子宫肌瘤组。子宫内膜癌患者外周血中的Foxp3+Treg细胞表达增多,这些细胞可能通过增加细胞因子TGF-β和IL-17的分泌从而调节机体对肿瘤细胞免疫反应的方向,最终促进子宫内膜癌的发生和发展。     

免疫磁珠法分离人外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞

目的 建立人外周血单个核细胞中CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞(regulatery T cells,Treg)免疫磁性细胞分离力(megnetic activated cell sorting,MACS),并鉴定其分离效率.方法 采用免疫磁珠两步法(即阴性分选和阳性分选2步)分离人周血单个核细胞中的CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞,首先采用生物素标记的鸡尾酒抗体和抗生物素标记的磁珠阴性分选CIM细胞,再用抗CD25 的磁珠阳性分选CD4 CD25 T细胞.分离后的细胞经抗体染色后再通过流式细胞仪检测其分离纯度;内因子染色检测其转录因子FOXV3的表达频率;台盼蓝染色检测细胞的存活率;3H-TdR掺入法检测其对CD4 CD25-T细脆殖抑制效应.结果 阴性分选CD4 T细胞的纯度为(92.2±1.7)%,阳性分选后CD4 CD25 Treg细胞的纯度(95.1±1.2)%.胞内因子染色FOXF3在CD4 CD25 Treg细胞中的表达率为(80.4±1.2)%,台盼蓝染色细胞存活率为(95.6±3.3)%.3H-TdR掺入法检测其对CIM CD25-T细胞具有明显的抑制作用.结论 采用免疫磁性细胞分离技术能够高效、快地得到一群纯度高并且细胞活力好的CD4 CIY25 Treg,为进一步研究其功能提供了方便.     

不明原因复发性流产小鼠模型CD4~+CD25~+ Treg的比例及Foxp3表达的变化

目的分析比较小鼠正常妊娠模型和流产模型中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞CD4+CD25+Treg的比例、Foxp3蛋白表达水平及胎盘吸收率,探讨CD4+CD25+Treg与不明原因复发性流产的关系。方法以雌性CBA/J×雄性Balb/c为对照组,以雌性CBA/J×雄性DBA/2J为流产组,各10对,于妊娠第14天采用流式细胞术(flow cytometry,FCM)分析CD4+CD25+Treg在CD4+细胞中所占比例,Western blot检测并比较2组CD4+T细胞中Foxp3的表达,并观察2组小鼠的胎盘吸收情况。结果流产组CD4+CD25+Treg所占比例为(10.1±0.59)%低于对照组(15.5±0.78)%(P<0.05)。流产组胚胎吸收率为(25.6±3.5)%,明显高于对照组(2.4±1.6)%(P<0.01)。流产组Foxp3谱带密度相对值为0.30±0.018,低于正常组的0.68±0.025(P<0.05)。结论小鼠的自然流产模型建立成功,流产组孕鼠CD4+CD25+Treg的比例和Foxp3蛋白表达水平明显低于正常妊娠组,提示流产组高流产率可能与CD4+CD25+Treg数量和Foxp3的表达减少有关,CD4+CD25+Treg细胞的数量减少和功能缺陷可能是不明原因复发性流产的发生机制之一。     

RSV毛细支气管炎患儿血液CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg与CD40/CD40L关系的研究

探讨CD40/CD40L信号通路对不同病原体毛细支气管炎(以下简称:毛支炎)患儿血液CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+ Treg的增殖分化及其分泌抑制性细胞因子TGF-β1、IL-10的影响。取呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)及非RSV感染毛支炎患儿血液并检测CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg的百分率;并将血液中分离的单个核细胞(PBMC)接种于24孔板内,加入CD40L McAb进行阻断,作用72h后采用流式细胞仪检测培养板内CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg的百分率,激光共聚焦检测CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg细胞表面Foxp3的平均密度,酶联免疫吸附法检测培养上清中TGF-β1、IL-10的含量。RSV毛支炎患儿血液中CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg百分率显著低于非RSV毛支炎患儿及正常对照组(P<0.05);RSV毛支炎患儿体外培养PBMC中CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg百分率均显著低于非RSV毛支炎患儿、正常对照组和抗CD40L McAb组(P<0.05)。毛支炎患儿PBMC经过体外培养72h后,抗CD40L McAb组培养的细胞中CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg表面Foxp3的平均密度显著高于RSV毛支炎患儿组(P<0.05)。PBMC培养上清中IL-10和TGF-β1的水平抗CD40L McAb组明显高于非RSV毛支炎组,非RSV毛支炎组明显高于RSV毛支炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。RSV毛支炎患儿体内存在严重的CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg数量不足;体外用抗CD40L McAb阻断CD40/CD40L通路可促进RSV毛支炎PBMC中CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg的增殖。     

褪黑素对荷胃癌小鼠胸腺及脾CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的影响

目的:研究褪黑素在抑制肿瘤过程中对荷胃癌小鼠胸腺及脾CD4+CD25+调节性T(Treg)细胞表达变化的影响.方法:培养小鼠前胃癌细胞株(MFC),采用小鼠荷胃癌模型.用褪黑素干预1周后,测量小鼠胸腺、脾质量;并用流式细胞仪检测胸腺、脾Treg细胞;用实时荧光定量PCR和免疫印迹法检测胸腺、脾叉头型转录因子3 (Foxp3)的表达.结果:与正常对照组相比,小鼠胸腺、脾质量各组之间差异无统计学意义.在褪黑素抗肿瘤过程中,与正常对照组相比,荷瘤空白对照组小鼠胸腺与脾的Treg细胞均上升,褪黑素干预后降至正常水平;褪黑素还能使小鼠胸腺Foxp3 mRNA表达下降,脾Foxp3 mRNA反而上调;而小鼠胸腺、脾scurfin蛋白均明显下降.结论:褪黑素能下调荷胃癌小鼠胸腺、脾的CD4+CD25+Treg细胞及特异性转录蛋白scurfin及胸腺Foxp3 mRNA,使脾Foxp3 mRNA反而上调.褪黑素抗胃癌作用与免疫器官中CD4+CD25+Treg细胞免疫调节有关.     

CD4~+Foxp3~+调节性T细胞在恶性血液病中的变化及机制研究

目的:分析CD4+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(CD4+Foxp3+Treg)在恶性血液病患者外周血的比例变化,探讨CD4+Foxp3+Treg参与恶性血液病发病的可能机制。方法:用流式细胞仪检测急性白血病、淋巴瘤患者及健康对照外周血CD4+Foxp3+Treg细胞的比例;然后用小鼠的淋巴瘤细胞EL-4和红白血病瘤细胞FBL3的培养上清液与C57BL/6小鼠脾细胞共同培养72小时,RT-PCR检测Foxp3 mRNA的表达。结果:恶性血液病患者外周血CD4+Foxp3+Treg数量显著高于正常对照(14.9±2.92)%、(5.68±1.21)%,P<0.001。小鼠EL-4和FBL3细胞上清液均能够使小鼠脾细胞Foxp3 mRNA表达水平明显增高。结论:恶性血液病患者CD4+Foxp3+Treg比例增高可能导致抗肿瘤免疫功能低下,此外肿瘤细胞分泌的可溶性物质使Foxp3表达增高,增强了CD4+Foxp3+Treg细胞的抑制功能,使肿瘤易于生长和转移。     

抗ICOS抗体体外对哮喘大鼠血液和淋巴液CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+调节性T细胞数量及其功能影响

目的:研究抗ICOS抗体对哮喘大鼠外周血和淋巴液来源CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(Treg)数量及其功能的影响。方法:抗ICOS抗体处理血液和淋巴液中单个核细胞(MNC),流式细胞仪检测MNC中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T细胞百分率,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测MNC培养液上清IL-10和TGF-β1含量。结果:末次激发后各个时间点收集MNC,体外培养96 h,各组淋巴液来源MNC体外培养体系中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞百分率均显著高于血液(P<0.05),哮喘组淋巴液和血液来源MNC体外培养体系中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞百分率均显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05),抗ICOS抗体组淋巴液和血液来源MNC体外培养体系中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞百分率显著低于哮喘组(P<0.05)。末次激发后0 h收集淋巴液来源和血液来源MNC培养上清中抗ICOS抗体组IL-10显著低于哮喘组和正常对照组(P<0.05);末次激发后不同时间点收集MNC培养上清中各组TGF-β1无明显差别。结论:用抗ICOS抗体阻断ICOS/ICOSL信号通路加重哮喘大鼠Treg细胞缺陷,并在哮喘激发早期0 h抑制血液和淋巴液来源MNC体外培养体系中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞分泌IL-10,但对于TGF-β1分泌无显著影响。     

血红素加氧酶-1上调CD4~+ CD25~+ Treg foxp3表达以增强Treg的免疫抑制功能

本研究探讨血红素加氧酶-1(heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)诱导CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg)foxp3表达,增加IL-10分泌,提高CD4+CD25+Treg的免疫抑制功能。选用磁珠分离正常BALB/c小鼠脾脏CD4+CD25+Treg,转染含HO-1质粒pcDNA3HO-1,或用血红素(hemin)、锡-原卟啉(Sn-protoporphyrin,SnPP)干预,培养48 h。用卵清蛋白致敏、激发BALB/c小鼠建立哮喘模型,并在致敏、激发阶段分别经血红素和SnPP干预。用Real-Time PCR和Western blot方法分别测定培养细胞内HO-1、foxp3 mRNA及蛋白量;ELISA方法分别测定细胞上清液和动物血清中IL-10、TGF-β水平;用磁珠分离哮喘动物脾脏CD4+CD25+Treg进行功能抑制试验。结果显示:经pcDNA3HO-1和血红素上调CD4+CD25+Treg HO-1表达,foxp3表达及蛋白水平相应增加,上清液IL-10水平明显升高。而OVA致敏、激发的哮喘小鼠模型,经血红素干预后,血清IL-10分泌亦增多,CD4+CD25+Treg功能抑制作用显著增强。该结果表明HO-1诱导CD4+CD25+Treg特异性转录因子foxp3表达,促进IL-10分泌,增强CD4+CD25+Treg的调节功能,具有显著的免疫抑制作用。     

Lewis肺癌细胞通过TLR9对CD4~+CD25~+Treg细胞影响的研究

目的:本研究以Lewis肺癌细胞为研究对象,探讨肿瘤细胞通过TLRs对CD4+CD25+Treg细胞的影响。方法:我们采用流式细胞术检测了Lewis肺癌细胞与脾淋巴细胞共培养系统中CD4+CD25+Treg细胞数量变化;通过RT-PCR方法检测了共培养对Foxp3和TLR1-9mRNA表达的影响;采用TLR9受体阻断剂氯喹阻断Lewis肺癌TLR9的表达。结果:与对照组相比,共培养组CD4+CD25+Treg细胞数量及Foxp3 mRNA表达均明显增高(P0.05);Lewis肺癌细胞与淋巴细胞共培养后可影响多种TLRs表达,其中TLR9 mRNA表达与对照组相比明显增高(P0.05),阻断Lewis肺癌细胞TLR9可明显降低CD4+CD25+Treg细胞数量及Foxp3 mRNA表达(P0.05)。结论:Lewis肺癌细胞可通过TLR9促进CD4+CD25+Treg细胞产生及功能增强,参与诱导肿瘤的免疫耐受,从而促进肿瘤的发生和发展。     

CD4+ CD8+ T Cell Reference Values in the Mexico City Population

Due to the importance of determining the proportions of lymphocyte subpopulations in Mexicans as reference values for flow cytometry, the aim of this study was to establish CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell reference values for healthy Mexicans according to gender and age. Our results may serve as reference standards for the Mexican city population.     

Activated CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Proportions in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

The goal of this study was to trace the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) by evaluating the lymphocyte subpopulation counts and the levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation using flow cytometry. Samples obtained from healthy subjects (N?=?40) and patients with MS (N?=?290) were analyzed. Lymphocytes were labeled for the surface markers CD4+, CD8+, CD3+, CD16+, CD19+, CD45+, and CD53+ and the activation marker HLA-DR+. Cell counts were then determined using flow cytometry. A high degree of inter-individual variability was observed in the counts of all lymphocyte subtypes in the MS group. A significantly lower proportion of CD3+ T cells (69?±?14 % in healthy subjects and 60?±?17 % as a percent of total lymphocytes in MS patients), CD4+ T cells (41?±?11 and 28?±?18 %, respectively), and a significantly higher proportion of NK T cells (12?±?5 and 25?±?21 %, respectively) were observed in patients with MS than in healthy subjects. These differences led to a lowered CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio. Furthermore, a significantly lower proportion of activated CD4+ T cells (HLA-DR+ CD4+; from 48?±?10 to 38?±?15 % as a percent of CD4+ cells) was observed in patients with MS than in healthy subjects. The high level of inter-individual variability in lymphocyte cell counts and the counts of activated T cells suggest that MS is a complex and heterogeneous disease.     

CD8+ T Cell Subsets in Aging

Infections are a major cause of illness and death amongst elderly people. Peripheral blood CD8⁺ T lymphocytes -which play a crucial role in host defence against viral infections-, are divided in subsets based upon the expression of several cell and activation markers. Since in senescence changes in peripheral blood CD8⁺ T lymphocyte compartment have been described, studies were performed to determine whether in aging there are variations in the peripheral blood CD8⁺CD38⁺, CD8⁺CD57⁺, CD8⁺HLA-DR⁺, CD8⁺CD45RA⁺ and CD8⁺CD45RO⁺ cell subset. A decrease in the CD8⁺CD45RA⁺ lymphocytes was observed, indicating that variations in the CD8⁺ compartment can take place with ageing.     

CD8+ T Cell Subsets in Aging

Infections are a major cause of illness and death amongst elderly people. Peripheral blood CD8⁺ T lymphocytes -which play a crucial role in host defence against viral infections-, are divided in subsets based upon the expression of several cell and activation markers. Since in senescence changes in peripheral blood CD8⁺ T lymphocyte compartment have been described, studies were performed to determine whether in aging there are variations in the peripheral blood CD8⁺CD38⁺, CD8⁺CD57⁺, CD8⁺HLA-DR⁺, CD8⁺CD45RA⁺ and CD8⁺CD45RO⁺ cell subset. A decrease in the CD8⁺CD45RA⁺ lymphocytes was observed, indicating that variations in the CD8⁺ compartment can take place with ageing.     

Effects of Oral Glucocorticoid Therapy on CD4+CD25+CD127- and CD4+CD25high T Cell Levels in Asthmatic Patients

Our purpose was to evaluate the effects of short-term oral glucocorticoid (GC) treatment on frequencies of T cells with putative regulatory phenotype (namely, CD4+CD25+CD127- and CD4+CD25high) in patients with asthma exacerbations. In addition, we sought to determine frequencies of above T cell subsets in adult asthmatic patients in relation to disease severity and different treatment regimens. The analysis was performed in 62 patients with different stages of asthma and ten healthy controls. Polychromatic flow cytometry was applied to delineate T cells with CD4+CD25+CD127- and CD4+CD25high phenotype. Exhaled nitric oxide analysis was used to assess allergic airway inflammation. Levels of neither CD4+CD25+CD127- nor CD4+CD25high T cells were significantly altered after 7-day oral GC treatment. Importantly, there were no detectable differences in frequencies of those cells among studied groups of asthmatics with different severity of disease and healthy controls. Moreover, levels of CD4+CD25+CD127- and CD4+CD25high T cells in asthmatic patients were not correlated to exhaled nitric oxide concentrations. Our data indicate that neither effects of average doses of oral GC treatment nor disease severity are related to changes in frequencies of CD4+CD25+CD127- and CD4+CD25high T cells in adult asthmatic patients.     

Significance of Unconventional Peripheral CD4+CD8dim T Cell Subsets

Routine T cells phenotyping occasionally reveals a CD4+CD8dim T cell subset with an apparently homogeneous dot plot. The aim of this study was to elucidate their immunological significance from analysis of 31 healthy donors, 21 elderly and 220 immune deficient patients. CD4+CD8dim T cells expressed reduced levels of CD8 (11–17,000 compared to 96–128,000 mol/cell on CD8+ T Cells). CD4 was expressed at the same level as on CD4+ T cells. The occurrence of raised CD4+CD8dim T cells (> 20 cells/μL) was similar in kidney transplant recipients (28.4%) and healthy donors (26%). It was somewhat lower in HIV+ patients (19.7%) possibly due to virally induced CD4+ T lymphopenia. However, an age effect is possible because the occurrence was raised (33.3%) in 70 volunteers (chi2 test NS). On the other hand, the size of the CD4+CD8dim subset was not correlated with age. CD4+CD8dim T cells did not express the activation markers CD69 (n = 220) or CD25 (n = 10) and expressed the homodimeric (αα) isoform of CD8, suggesting they are related to mucosal immunity (MALT). We selected 29 patients with unambiguous dot plots. In 26 of them one predominant TCR Vβ clonotype was expressed on 18 to 94% of CD4+CD8dim T cells and never on more than 10% of conventional T cells. The predominant clonotypes were Vβ8 (n = 5), Vβ2 (n = 4), Vβ13.1 and Vβ 21 (n = 3 each). Whether this reveals a chronic stimulation or an emerging lymphoproliferative disorder must be elucidated. We propose to name this entity: “Oligoclonal Clonopathy of Undetermined Significance (OCUS).” An erratum to this article is available at.     

慢性肝脏疾病中CD3^-CD161^＋NK和CD3^＋CD161^＋NKT细胞亚群的变化研究

目的探讨CD3^-CD161^＋NK、CD3^＋CD161^＋NKT细胞在慢性肝炎／肝硬化及肝细胞癌患者肝脏组织及外周血中表达及意义。方法利用流式细胞仪对31例肝细胞癌患者、59例慢性肝炎／肝硬化患者肝脏组织及外周血、15例正常肝脏组织、48例正常人外周血中的CD3^-CD161^＋NK和CD3^＋CD161^＋NKT进行定量分析。结果慢性肝炎／肝硬化组CD3^-CD161^＋NK细胞[（13．4±1．3）％]和肝细胞癌癌周组CD3^-CD161^＋NK细胞[（16．7±4．8）％]及远离肝癌组的肝脏组织CD3^-CD161^＋NK细胞[（22．0±4．4）％]与正常肝脏组织CD3^＋CD161^＋NK细胞[（35．1±7．2）％]相比,肝细胞癌癌周肝脏组织内含量最低（t值分别为2．301、2．137、2．034,P〈0．05）;外周血中肝细胞癌组CD3^-CD161^＋NK细胞f（11．6±6．3％）]、CD3^＋CD161^＋NKT细胞[（14．7±6．2）％]与慢性肝炎／肝硬化组CD3^-CD161^＋NK细胞[（10．8±1．7）％]、CD3^＋CD161^＋NKT细胞[（12．5±0．8）％]、正常对照组CD3^＋CD161^＋NK细胞[（7．5±0．8）％]、CD3^-CD161^＋NKT细胞[（13．8±1．7）％]相比肝癌组CD3^-CD161^＋NKT细胞含量最高（t值分别为2．134,2．099,P〈0．05）,肝癌组CD3^＋CD161^＋NKT细胞含量最高（t值分别为2．125,2．154,P〈0．05）。结论由于NK细胞及NKT细胞数量减少或／和活性降低,使肿瘤细胞逃逸了免疫监视,可能促进了肿瘤的发生、发展及转移。     

Transient Extremity Ischemia Augments CD34+ Progenitor Cell Availability

Peripheral blood is an easily accessed source for stem cell production; however, the number of cells produced is relatively low. We hypothesized that ischemic preconditioning may serve as a safe method to increase the number of CD34+ cells that can be harvested and cultured in a short period. This study was conducted to test this hypothesis by examining the safety and efficacy of brief, transient ischemia of the lower limbs to augment the number of cells that can be produced from blood of healthy volunteers. Following induction of ischemia, blood samples were withdrawn at baseline, 30 min, 12 h and 24 h. The number of progenitor cells was determined by flow cytometry after the harvested cells were cultured for 5 days. We also analyzed the blood samples to determine IL-8 and VEGF concentrations. No serious adverse events were observed. The total number of cells increased from 0.46 ± 0.1 × 10⁶ cells/ml in the pretreatment blood samples to 0.7 ± 0.1 × 10⁶ cells/ml in blood taken 12 h after the conclusion of transient ischemia, p = 0.0029. The number of CD34+ cells increased from 4.23 ± 0.8 × 10⁴ cells/ml in the pretreatment samples to 7.17 ± 1.34 × 10⁴ cells/ml in blood taken 12 h after ischemia, p = 0.0001. The harvested stem cells maintained their ability to construct tubular structures. The augmentation in the number of CD34+ cells was positively correlated with the increase of IL-8, but not with VEGF concentrations. Ischemic preconditioning is a safe and effective technique to increase the availability of stem cells for therapeutic purposes.