Synchronous subungual glomus tumours in adjacent digits.

In the hand, glomus tumours usually present as a single lesion comprising one or more discrete masses affecting the subungual area of one digit. We report a case in which typical glomus tumours occurred simultaneously in the subungual area of two adjacent digits.     

A glomus tumour with four recurrences

A case of a glomus tumour of the distal segment of the ring finger, with four apparent recurrences in an 8-year period, is described. The patient was treated by two different surgeons (two and three times respectively) and obtained pain free intervals of between 4 and 11 months before recurrence. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a glomus tumour in all five procedures. The location of the glomus tumour was defined preoperatively by high resolution MR imaging.     

经甲床缘切口治疗手指末节血管球瘤

目的 探讨应用甲床缘切口治疗手指末节血管球瘤的可行性及临床效果.方法 2005年6月至2010年7月,对14例手指末节血管球瘤患者,通过甲床缘切口形成携带骨膜的甲床瓣或指腹瓣,充分游离达到甲下或指腹区域,在显微镜视下仔细分离后完整地切除血管球瘤.结果 术后患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,病理检查证实为血管球瘤.术后随访12 ～ 55个月,平均26.7个月.14例患者疼痛症状完全消失,甲床愈合良好,指甲生长正常、外观良好,无并发症发生,随访期间无一例复发.结论 应用甲床缘切口联合显微外科技术治疗手指末节血管球瘤,操作简单、切口隐蔽、创伤小、并发症少,肿瘤切除彻底,术后复发率低.     

Intra-osseous glomus tumour: a case report.

A rare case of intra-osseous glomus tumour is described, together with a review of eight other reported cases. Electron microscopic studies suggest that glomus cells, the histogenesis of which has not been completely resolved, originate from smooth muscle. Studies in this case support that hypothesis: they showed the important role of contraction of the glomus cells in eliciting the peculiar type of pain.     

A glomus tumour: classic signs without magnetic resonance imaging findings.

A-36-year-old man presented with classic symptoms of a glomus tumour in the right index finger that failed to show on either ultrasound or high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The radial finger pulp was explored despite the radiological findings and a glomus tumour 2 mm in size was excised. At follow-up the patient was pain-free. We conclude that exploration of an affected fingertip should be considered when there is a history of suspected glomus tumour even if MRI shows no sign of disease.     

Atypical presentation of a glomus tumour: A case report

A 46-year-old man presented with an extremely painful, 1 cm, mobile, nodular mass located on the medial side of his right elbow. Symptoms failed to respond to conservative treatment. Ultrasound and Doppler flow imaging revealed a well-defined, round hypoechoic mass. Under local anesthesia, the mass was resected and the wound closed without complication. Final pathology diagnosed the lesion as a glomus tumour, solid type. Histology staining showed the tumour cells were positive for antibodies to vimentin and muscle actin. It is unusual for a glomus tumour to be located anterior to the medial epicondyle of the right arm. Hand surgeons most commonly encounter glomus tumours in the nailbeds of the fingers.     

Regional perfusion for the treatment of subungual melanoma

Thirty-one patients with subungual melanoma representing 2.6 per cent of all patients with limb melanoma were treated by isolated regional perfusion. Acral lentiginous melanoma prevalent on subungual and volar skin was the most common histologic type. The subungual lesions primarily occurred on the lower limbs (61%) and great toe (48%). At diagnosis, most patients had advanced disease; 53 per cent of stage I patients had lesions with level IV invasion or greater. The median thickness of the primary lesion was 2.35 mm. All patients were treated by isolated regional perfusion and amputation of the involved digit, as well as regional lymph-node dissection where clinically indicated. The mean survival rate for all stages at five years was 35 per cent. Patients with stage I disease had the best survival rates, 61 per cent at five years and 54 per cent at ten years; however, patients with advanced disease, stage III (M.D. Anderson classification), had only a 17 per cent survival rate at five years and 8 per cent at 10 years. Women had slightly better survival rates than men, and patients with upper-limb lesions had the better prognosis.     

改良前外侧入路联合改良后内侧入路治疗三踝骨折疗效的病例对照研究

目的:比较改良前外侧入路联合改良后内侧入路和传统后外侧入路辅助内侧切口治疗三踝骨折的临床效果。方法:自2015年1月至2017年8月选取108例三踝骨折患者分为改良入路组(试验组)和传统入路组(对照组)。试验组53例,男31例,女22例;年龄18～67(40.2±16.4)岁;左侧19例,右侧34例;旋后外旋型39例,旋前外旋型14例;术前等待时间6～14(9.6±3.1) d;手术采用改良前外侧入路联合改良后内侧入路。对照组55例,男34例,女21例;年龄19～69(42.1±15.3)岁;左侧18例,右侧37例;旋后外旋型42例,旋前外旋型13例;术前等待时间7～16(10.3±3.4) d;手术采用传统后外侧入路辅助内侧切口。对比两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、切口并发症例数及复位质量评定、骨折愈合时间、神经损伤例数、屈肌挛缩例数和切口并发症总例数;术后1年采用美国足踝外科协会(American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)踝与后足功能评分进行临床疗效评价。结果 :108例患者均获得随访,时间12～24(16.4±7.5)个月。试验组手术时间(95.3±22.6) min,术中出血量(114.7±68.7) ml,术后引流量(127.5±87.8) ml,切口并发症1例,均少于对照组(112.5±53.8) min、(155.2±79.6) ml、(178.4±73.8) ml和3例。试验组复位质量优36例,良14例,差3例;对照组优30例,良15例,差10例;试验组优于对照组。试验组骨折愈合时间(5.5±1.6)个月,2例出现切口并发症;对照组骨折愈合时间(6.7±2.1)个月,12例出现切口并发症;试验组少于对照组。术后1年试验组AOFAS评分(92.9±18.4)分,高于对照组(80.3±38.3)分;根据AOFAS评分标准,试验组优32例,良17例,可3例,差1例;对照组优25例,良18例,可8例,差4例;两组比较差异有统计学意义。结论:改良前外侧入路联合改良后内侧入路和传统后外侧入路辅助内侧切口治疗三踝骨折均能取得良好的疗效。相比传统后外侧入路辅助内侧切口,改良前外侧联合改良后内侧入路治疗三踝骨折符合局部软组织血供特点,具有手术创伤小、操作安全、显露清楚有效等优点。     

A modified approach for feminizing genitoplasty

Purpose  We reported the use of the mucosal layer of preputial skin to give extra length to penile flaps on vaginal introitus and labia minora reconstruction in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Materials and methods  Since November 1999, 14 patients (average age 16 months, range 6 months–4 years) have undergone early one-stage reconstruction of external genitalia. All patients were classified according to Prader’s classification (from III to V degree) with clitoral size of 3 ± 1.5 cm. The perineal sagittal approach is followed by careful dissection and partial mobilisation of the urogenital sinus. Subcutaneous reduction clitoroplasty has been performed. The mucosal layer of the prepuce, developed as an extended flap on the end of the phallic shaft skin used for labia minora, is ideally placed for reconstruction of the vestibulae and distal vagina. Results  The vagina was calibrated, the main vaginal calibre was 10 Hegar (range 6–14). With one exception, the urethral meatus was situated in the vestibulae and easily accessible. One distal vaginal stenosis was observed in a case with high confluence. No urinary incontinence was noted. The appearance of external genitalia was very satisfactory. Conclusions  The described genitoplasty provides a good cosmetic appearance. As most of our patients have not yet reached the age of sexual activity and child bearing, the functional results of this operation will need longer-term evaluation.