Evaluation of a porous,biodegradable biopolymer scaffold for mandibular reconstruction

PURPOSE: Bioresorbable bone graft substitutes could eliminate disadvantages associated with the use of autografts, allografts, and other synthetic materials. The authors investigated the osteoinductive capacity of a bioresorbable bone graft substitute made from the unsaturated polyester poly(propylene glycol-co-fumaric acid) (PPF) for mandibular reconstruction in a rat model. The eventual intention is to use this material either as a stand-alone bone graft substitute or as an extender to autograft harvested from mandibular reconstruction sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PPF bone graft was crosslinked in the presence of a hydroxyapatite filler and effervescent foaming agents to develop porosity in situ by generating carbon dioxide during the effervescent reaction of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate. The latter reagents are responsible for foam formation and expansion, resulting in a polymeric scaffold with pore sizes in the range of 100 to 500 microm. Twenty adult Sprague-Dawley rats had 3-mm-diameter cortical defects decorticated on the outer aspect of their left mandibular ramus using a Hall drill. Animals were divided into 2 groups of 10 animals each. Animals in group A were treated with implantation of the PPF-based bone graft substitute. Implants were applied buccally to defects on the left side. In group B animals with similar defects, the drill holes were left to heal unaided. The amount of new bone formation and the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate were evaluated at 7 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS: Histologic analysis of the healing process revealed enhanced in vivo new bone formation with the PPF bone graft substitute. These findings were corroborated by the histomorphometric analysis of new bone formation. DISCUSSION: Results of this study demonstrated biocompatibility of the porous PPF-based scaffold in a mandibular defect. CONCLUSIONS: These findings may have applicability to the further development of bone graft substitutes for oral/maxillofacial applications.     

Localized ridge augmentation with a block allograft followed by secondary implant placement: a case report

A 37-year-old woman presented with severe ridge resportion of the mandibular left first molar and requested placement of a dental implant in lieu of a traditional fixed partial denture. The patient preferred an allograft to avoid a second surgical site to harvest an autogenous bone graft. A new solvent-dehydrated, allogeneic, corticocancellous bone graft material was selected for the case. The allograft was shaped to fit the defect, rehydrated in sterile saline, stabilized with fixation screws, and covered with platelet-rich plasma and a resorbable collagen membrane prior to soft tissue closure. Four months later, the bone graft was incorporated into the host tissue without complications and effectively expanded the ridge from 3 to 9 mm. The implant osseointegrated and was restored with a computer-milled abutment and single crown. The allograft maintained its strength and structural integrity, and was well-tolerated by the host tissues. A screw-design implant was placed in the previously augmented bone site and successfully restored with a computer-milled post and cemented single-tooth prosthesis. The allograft material was a highly effective modality for restoring the case, and it may significantly reduce the need to obtain autogenous bone from a secondary site.     

Rosuvastatin 1.2 mg In Situ Gel Combined With 1:1 Mixture of Autologous Platelet‐Rich Fibrin and Porous Hydroxyapatite Bone Graft in Surgical Treatment of Mandibular Class II Furcation Defects: A Randomized Clinical Control Trial

Background: A wide range of regenerative materials have been tried and tested in the treatment of furcation defects. Rosuvastatin (RSV) is a new synthetic, second‐generation, sulfur‐containing, hydrophilic statin with potent anti‐inflammatory and osseodifferentiation mechanisms of action. Platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) is a platelet concentrate having sustained release of various growth factors with regenerative potential to treat periodontal defects. Porous hydroxyapatite (HA) bone grafting material has a clinically satisfactory response when used to fill periodontal intrabony defects. This double‐masked randomized study is designed to evaluate the potency of a combination of 1.2 mg RSV in situ gel with a 1:1 mixture of autologous PRF and HA bone graft in the surgical treatment of mandibular Class II furcation defects compared with autologous PRF and HA bone graft placed after open‐flap debridement (OFD). Methods: One hundred five mandibular furcation defects were treated with OFD + placebo gel (group 1), PRF + HA with OFD (group 2), or 1.2 mg RSV gel + PRF + HA with OFD (group 3). Clinical and radiologic parameters (i.e., probing depth [PD], relative vertical and relative horizontal clinical attachment level [rvCAL and rhCAL], intrabony defect depth, and percentage of defect fill) were recorded at baseline and 9 months postoperatively. Results: Mean PD reduction was greater in group 2 (3.68 ± 1.07 mm) and group 3 (4.62 ± 1.03 mm) than group 1 (2.11 ± 1.25 mm), and mean rvCAL and rhCAL gain were greater in group 2 (3.31 ± 0.52 and 2.97 ± 0.56 mm, respectively) and group 3 (4.17 ± 0.70 and 4.05 ± 0.76 mm) compared with group 1 (1.82 ± 0.78 and 1.62 ± 0.64 mm). A significantly greater percentage of mean bone fill was found in group 2 (54.69% ± 1.93%) and group 3 (61.94% ± 3.54%) compared with group 1 (10.09% ± 4.28%). Conclusions: Treatment of furcation defects with 1.2 mg RSV in situ gel combined with autologous PRF and porous HA bone graft results in significant improvements of clinical and radiographic parameters compared with OFD alone. These results imply that the combination of RSV, PRF, and HA has synergistic effects, explaining their role as a regenerative material in the treatment of furcation defects.     

Clinical and histologic evaluation of the use of mandibular tori as donor site for mandibular block autografts: report of three cases

The present paper reports on three patients who underwent localized alveolar ridge augmentation using block autografts harvested from the mandibular tori. Autogenous particulate bone graft was placed at the periphery of the block. Resorbable collagen membrane was placed above the graft material. Implant placement surgery followed at 6 to 16 months after bone grafting. During implant surgery, a biopsy was taken from the block autograft. Clinical evaluation revealed incorporation of the graft material at the recipient site. No donor site complication was noted. Histologic evaluation suggested that the block autograft was vital and in an active remodeling phase at the time of implant placement. Impressions were made intraorally before and 6 months after bone grafting. Laboratory measurements revealed 13% resorption at 6 months after bone grafting while 0.53 mL of ridge augmentation was achieved 6 months after bone grafting. Linear tomographs indicated 4.33 mm of lateral alveolar ridge augmentation. This report suggests that block autografts harvested from the mandibular tori may have the potential to maintain their vitality after bone grafting, while they may demonstrate resorption rates similar to those of autografts harvested from other intraoral donor sites.     

Biological assessment of porous-implant hydroxyapatite combined with periosteal grafting in maxillary defects.

PURPOSE: To investigate the use of porous hydroxyapatite (HA) combined with periosteal graft to repair an induced maxillary bone defect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A defect was produced in the premaxillary bone of rats. Four groups were used: 1) those treated with the mucoperiosteal graft from the premaxilla; 2) those treated with HA combined with mucoperiosteal graft from the premaxilla; 3) those treated with HA combined with periosteal graft from the femur; and 4) those treated with periosteal graft from the femur. RESULTS: The radiographic aspects from all groups showed no signs of bone formation after 2 weeks. After 16 weeks, there was evidence of points of radiolucency inside the HA implants. Cell proliferation occurred from the periosteum covering the defect. Bone tissue grew from the defect margin to inside the defect in all cases. Mature bone was seen around the HA implants after 8 and 16 weeks. CONCLUSION: The periosteal graft provides satisfactory support to the HA implant, allowing the growth of new bone.     

钛网成型自体颗粒骨复合骨修复材料修复兔下颌骨缺损的实验研究

目的:评价钛网成型自体颗粒骨复合骨修复材料移植重建兔下颌骨节段性缺损的成骨效果.方法:18只新西兰家兔,均建立单侧下颌骨节段性缺损模型,随机分为3组,用钛网成型重建下颌骨外形后,分别移植自体颗粒骨、骨修复材料和自体颗粒骨复合骨修复材料.术后12周取移植骨做组织学检查及Micro-CT检查.应用SPSS 14.0软件包对...     

同种异体骨支架复合自体骨髓间充质干细胞修复下颌骨节段缺损动物模型的建立

目的:建立同种复合自体骨髓间充质干细胞修复下颌骨节段性的动物模型,为研究同种异体骨支架复合自体骨髓间充质干细胞修复下颌骨节段性缺损效果及其机制打下基础。方法:24只1岁龄比格犬,拔出所有动物右侧下颌前磨牙和磨牙,伤口愈合后制造左侧下颌骨3 mm节段性缺损(从颏孔后1 mm到下颌角前),随机分两组,实验组用同种异体骨支架复合骨髓间充质干细胞修复重建,对照组仅用同种异体骨修复重建。术后4、12、24、48周处死动物(每组3只),取标本并行CT检查。结果:实验组和对照组所有动物同种异体骨均能与自体骨愈合,48周时实验组动物同种异体骨几乎全部被自体骨替代,但是新骨的大小较植入时同种异体骨支架变小。对照组中,新骨主要在同种异体骨与自体骨结合部形成,新骨大小与原植入时同种异体骨大小变化不大。结论:同种异体骨支架复合自体骨髓间充质干细胞能加速成骨,该动物模型的成功建立,为进一步研究同种异体骨支架复合自体骨髓间充质干细胞修复下颌骨节段行缺损的效果及其机制打下基础。     

Lateral ridge augmentation by the use of grafts comprised of autologous bone or a biomaterial. An experiment in the dog

OBJECTIVE: The present investigation was performed to determine if a block of Bio-Oss used as an onlay graft can be used as a scaffold for new bone formation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five mongrel dogs were used. The mandibular premolars were extracted. On both sides of the mandible, the buccal bone plate was resected and defects, about 25 mm long, 8 mm high and 5 mm wide, were produced After 3 months of healing, a second surgical procedure was performed. In the left side, a block of Bio-Oss was adjusted to the buccal bone wall. The graft had the shape of a cylinder and was retained with a miniscrew and covered with a collagen membrane. In the contra-lateral side of the mandible, a block biopsy was first obtained from the ascending ramus. This bone graft had the shape of a cylinder that was 8 mm in diameter and 3 mm thick. The graft was transferred to the experimental site, adjusted to the buccal wall, retained with a miniscrew, and covered with a membrane. The flaps were repositioned and closed with sutures to ensure a complete coverage of the experimental sites. After 6 months of healing, the dogs were sacrificed and the experimental sites dissected. The biopsies were processed for ground sectioning. The sections were stained in toluidine blue, examined in the microscope, and a number of histo- and morphometric assessments made. RESULTS: The study demonstrated that cortical bone used as an onlay graft in the lateral aspect of the alveolar ridge, during a 6-month period of healing integrated with the host bone but underwent marked peripheral resorption. Thus, close to 30% of the height and 50% of the length of the graft was replaced with connective tissue. It was further observed that while the dimensions of a graft which contained a scaffold of cancellous bovine bone mineral remained unchanged, only moderate amounts of new bone formed at the base of this graft. CONCLUSION: Grafts of autologous cortical bone, placed on the surface of a one-wall defect, may undergo marked resorption during healing. A similar graft of Bio-Oss may retain its dimension, and limited amounts of new bone will form within the biomaterial.     

外斜线取骨自体骨移植及其他牙槽嵴骨增量法的研究进展

针对严重骨缺损且有种植修复意向的牙列缺损位点，自体骨移植是实现种植体三维方向充足骨量的“经典方案”，常用的口内供骨区有颏部和外斜线区域。相比颏部取骨，下颌骨外斜线取骨移植后神经并发症少，但跟其他牙槽嵴骨增量方式相比，术后骨吸收率大。本文重点讲述下颌骨外斜线块状取骨及其局限性，并阐述了其他临床应用广泛的牙槽骨增量方法，对比移植骨术后牙槽嵴宽度及高度变化、术后骨吸收率，为临床提供减小外斜线块状取骨局限性的其他骨增量方法。     

Effect of particulate porous hydroxyapatite on osteoinduction of demineralized bone autografts in experimental reconstruction of the rat mandible

In an experimental model in the rat, a nonhealing bone defect was created in the left ascending mandibular ramus to test the effect of particulate porous hydroxyapatite (HA) on osteoinduction of demineralized bone autografts. The bone fragment removed was demineralized in HCl and used as an autograft for mandibular reconstruction. Granules of HA were added to the lingual and vestibular surfaces of the graft. The effect of this material was evaluated by determining the number of mesenchymal cells induced in the biomaterial and the central and peripheral zones of the bone graft, at 2-and 6-week intervals. The results show that the sites containing HA showed inhibition of osteoinduction by the bone matrix. In all groups, a proliferative gradient from the peripheral zone toward the center of the bone was observed. Similarly, the HA experienced a greater cellular increase in the regions in contact with the demineralized bone matrix.     

小型猪骨膜成骨修复下颌骨节段性缺损的研究

目的:探讨原位骨膜成骨修复小型猪下颌骨节段性缺损的可行性。方法:选用13个月龄小型猪8只,雌雄不限,拔除右侧下颌前后磨牙3个月后,随机分为保留骨膜组(A组)和不保留骨膜组(B组),每组4只。再按骨缺损长度分为30 mm组和40 mm组,每组各2只。制备小型猪下颌骨体部30 mm和40 mm节段性骨缺损,利用钛板固定两侧骨断端,A组完整保留缺损区颊舌侧的骨膜并将其严密缝合形成一封套层,B组则不保留骨膜,术后4、8、12周进行影像学观察。结果:影像学观察保留骨膜组术后12周完成骨连接,新生骨形态规则,不保留骨膜组未完成骨连接,仅在骨断端有极少量新生骨,且形态不规则。结论:利用骨膜原位成骨可以修复下颌骨较大范围节段性骨缺损。     

The use of ramus autogenous block grafts for vertical alveolar ridge augmentation and implant placement: a pilot study

PURPOSE: This study presents a clinical, radiographic, laboratory, and histologic/histomorphometric analysis of the use of mandibular ramus block autografts for vertical alveolar ridge augmentation and implant placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Autogenous block autografts were fixed at the recipient site with fixation screws while a mixture of autogenous bone marrow and inorganic bovine material (Bio-Oss) was used at the periphery. All grafts appeared well incorporated at the recipient site during reentry surgery. RESULTS: Radiographic measurements revealed an average of 6.12 mm vertical ridge augmentation 1 month after surgery and 5.12 mm 4 to 6 months after surgery. Laboratory volumetric measurements revealed an average of 0.91 mL alveolar ridge augmentation 1 month after surgery and 0.75 mL 6 months postoperatively. Linear laboratory measurements revealed 6.12 mm of vertical ridge augmentation 1 month postoperatively and 4.37 mm 4 to 6 months after surgery. Histologic evaluation indicated signs of active remodeling in all the specimens. Histomorphometric analysis of the peripheral particulate bone indicated bone present at 34.33% of the grafted area, while 42.17% of the area was occupied by fibrous tissue and 23.50% by residual Bio-Oss particles. DISCUSSION: The results demonstrated the potential of mandibular block autografts harvested from the ascending ramus to maintain their vitality. Volumetric resorption rate of 17.58% and radiographic resorption rate of 16.34% were in accordance with previously published literature. Early exposure appeared to compromise the results, while late exposures did not affect the vitality of the block autografts. CONCLUSION: Mandibular block autografts can maintain their vitality when used for vertical alveolar ridge augmentation. Inorganic bovine mineral (Bio-Oss) can be used at the periphery of the block graft when mixed with autogenous bone marrow.     

载辛伐他汀纳米羟基磷灰石支架材料对兔下颌骨缺损修复的影响

目的:采用骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)复合辛伐他汀支架材料修复兔下颌骨局部缺损,观察辛伐他汀对BMSCs复合支架材料修复兔骨缺损的影响。方法:24只新西兰大白兔随机分为2组,每组12只,制备下颌骨缺损模型。A组为实验组,在缺损区植入复合BMSCs的载辛伐他汀纳米羟基磷灰石支架材料;B组为对照组,植入BMSCs复合羟基磷灰石材料。分别于术后2、4、8、12周处死各组动物,行影像学分析、HE染色、扫描电镜观察等检查。结果:影像学检查及组织学染色结果显示,A组骨缺损处愈合程度、成骨速度及骨质量明显优于B组。扫描电镜显示,A组复合材料与组织相容性好,材料吸收优于B组。统计各组各期牙CT分析数据的骨密度值,结果表明A组的骨密度值明显高于B组(P<0.05)。结论:实验表明经BMSCs复合的辛伐他汀支架材料具有明显的促进成骨能力,可加速骨缺损的修复效果,提高修复质量。     

重组人骨保护素抑制破骨细胞及促进羟磷灰石修复去势大鼠下颌骨缺损的研究

目的 探讨转染人骨保护素（hOPG）基因的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞（rBMSCs）复合羟磷灰石（HA）支架对去势大鼠下颌骨缺损的修复作用。方法 将重组腺病毒pDC316-hOPG-EGFP转染rBMSCs,蛋白质印迹法和骨磨片试验分别检测hOPG的表达水平和抑制破骨细胞功能;构建骨质疏松大鼠模型,分别将HA支架、未转染rBMSCs复合HA支架、转染rBMSCs复合HA支架植入大鼠下颌骨骨缺损,6周后通过抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶、苏木精-伊红染色检测骨缺损区破骨细胞及骨修复情况。结果 体外携载有hOPG基因的腺病毒成功转染rBMSCs,转染后的rBMSCs表达具有抑制破骨细胞活性功能的hOPG;表达hOPG的rBMSCs复合HA支架后骨缺损处破骨细胞明显减少,成骨增多。结论 转染hOPG基因的rBMSCs在体内外均具有抑制破骨细胞功能的作用,且转染rBMSCs复合HA支架可促进骨质疏松大鼠的下颌骨缺损修复。     

P物质促进磷酸钙-明胶复合材料支架修复颌骨缺损的研究

目的 构建自固化磷酸钙（CPC）-明胶复合组织工程材料支架,观察人工合成神经多肽P物质（SP）对其修复兔下颌骨缺损的作用 方法 鼠尾Ⅰ型胶原酸解冻干制备明胶海绵;模具制备8 mm×2 mm圆柱型材料支架,分为单纯CPC固化制成、CPC-明胶混合固化制成、CPC-明胶-SP混合固化制成三组;制备兔下颌骨直径8 mm圆柱状缺损动物模型,分别植入三种材料支架,术后12周X线和Micro CT检查支架形态与骨愈合情况。结果 扫描电镜显示CPC-明胶支架具有类似松质骨的超微结构;动物实验12周时CPC-明胶-SP支架与周围骨质基本融合,Micro CT显示材料内部成骨转化显著优于其他两组。结论 Ⅰ型胶原明胶与CPC混合调拌,操作简便,可随意塑形,并自行固化,具有类似松质骨的内部结构,人工合成神经多肽P物质可促进其在体内成骨转化。     

组织工程化骨修复兔下颌骨缺损同期种植体植入的实验研究

目的　观察组织工程化骨修复兔下颌骨缺损同期进行HA/SLA Ti或SLA Ti种植体植入后,种植体与骨床发生骨结合的情况。方法　兔BMSCs复合nHAC及PRP用于修复兔下颌骨颊侧范围为15 mm×15 mm的全层骨缺损,同期分别植入HA/SLA Ti种植体（A组）和SLA Ti种植体（B组）。术后1、3、6个月取材,进行大体标本观察、扫描电镜观察、组织学检查及种植体的推入实验和拉出实验。结果　大体标本观察显示,A组术区逐渐由新生骨组织修复,种植体周围形成较完善的骨结合界面,界面骨成熟;B组术区骨愈合状态佳,但种植体周围仍存在少量纤维组织。扫描电镜结果显示：A组种植体较B组种植体与周围新生骨结合的更紧密。组织学检查的结果显示,A组新生骨与种植体表面直接结合,骨形成较B组种植体表面骨形成提前,B组种植体与新生骨之间存在纤维组织。推入实验和拉出实验结果显示,术后1个月时A、B两组种植体的推入应力和拉出负荷无明显差异,术后3个月后A组种植体的推入应力和拉出负荷明显较B组提高,差异具有统计学意义。结论　修复兔下颌骨缺损的组织工程化骨内同期植入的种植体,可与新生的骨组织形成良好的骨结合,其中HA/SLA Ti种植体的骨结合能力较SLA Ti种植体强,且骨愈合时间也较后者提前。     

hBMP-7基因修饰犬骨髓基质干细胞复合珊瑚羟基磷灰石修复下颌骨缺损

目的:构建携带人骨形态发生蛋白7(hBMP-7)基因的重组腺病毒载体,体外转染犬骨髓基质干细胞(dMSCs)复合珊瑚羟基磷灰石(coral hydroxyapatite, CHA),观察其修复下颌骨缺损的效果。方法:利用AdEasy腺病毒表达系统,体外构建高效表达hBMP-7重组腺病毒载体,转染dMSCs 与珊瑚羟基磷灰石支架材料复合,再分别植入取材动物的自体下颌骨缺损区,分别于4周和8周取材观察成骨情况。结果:大体观察、X线检查及组织学观察均发现构建组织工程骨在祼鼠皮下及骨缺损处均有明显新骨组织形成。结论:构建携带人骨形态发生蛋白7(hBMP-7)基因的重组腺病毒载体,体外转染dMSCs后复合珊瑚羟基磷灰石有较多量骨组织形成,可有效修复下颌骨缺损。[关键词] 人骨形态发生蛋白7 骨髓基质干细胞 腺病毒 组织工程     

The effect of a fibrin glue on the integration of Bio-Oss with bone tissue. A experimental study in labrador dogs

BACKGROUND: Bio-Oss is a deproteinized bovine mineral used in bone augmentation procedures. The particles are often mixed with a protein product (Tisseel) to form a mouldable graft material. AIM: The aim of the present experiment was to study the healing of self-contained bone defects after the placement of Bio-Oss particles alone or mixed with Tisseel in cylindrical defects in the edentulous mandibular ridge of dogs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 4 labrador dogs, the 2nd, 3rd and 4th mandibular premolars were extracted bilaterally. 3 months later, 3 cylindrical bone defects, 4 mm in diameter and 8 mm in depth, were produced in the right side of the mandible. Following a crestal incision, full thickness flaps were raised and the bone defects were prepared with a trephine drill. The defects were filled with Bio-Oss (Geistlich Biomaterials, Wolhuser, Switzerland) particles alone or mixed with Tisseel (Immuno AG, Vienna, Austria), or left "untreated". A collagen membrane (Bio-Gide, Geistlich Biomaterials, Wolhuser, Switzerland) was placed to cover all defects and the flaps were sutured. 2 months later, the defect preparation and grafting procedures were repeated in the left side of the mandible. After another month, the animals were sacrificed and biopsies obtained from the defect sites. RESULTS: Bio-Oss-treated defects revealed a higher percentage of contact between graft particles and bone tissue than defects treated with Bio-Oss+ Tisseel (15% and 30% at 1 and 3 months versus 0.4% and 8%, respectively). Further, the volume of connective tissue in the Bio-Oss treated defects decreased from the 1 to the 3 month interval (from 44% to 30%). This soft tissue was replaced with newly formed bone. In the Bio-Oss+ Tisseel treated defects, however, the proportion of connective tissue remained unchanged between 1 and 3 months. CONCLUSION: The adjunct of Tisseel may jeopardize the integration of Bio-Oss particles with bone tissue.     

新型骨组织工程支架材料生物相容性的体内研究

目的通过比较2种新型骨组织工程支架材料即聚消旋乳酸/聚乳酸－聚乙二醇－聚乳酸/磷酸三钙（A）、聚消旋乳酸/聚乳酸－聚乙二醇－聚乳酸（B）与对照组聚消旋乳酸（C）修复兔下颌骨缺损的效果,探讨新型可吸收性生物支架材料体内埋植的生物相容性。方法24只成年新西兰大白兔按取材时间随机分为4组。双侧下颌骨下缘形成15 mm×6 mm全层骨质缺损, 每一缺损作为一个实验单位。每组内按完全随机化设计植入实验材料和对照材料。术后2、4、8、12周取材行大体标本、X线、组织学观察及计算机图像分析。结果复合支架材料A、B与聚消旋乳酸相比,复合支架B生物相容性好,同期成骨量最大;复合支架A出现明显的异物肉芽肿反应。结论新型复合支架材料B生物相容性好,效果优于聚消旋乳酸,有可能成为一种较理想的支架材料。复合支架A不适宜作为骨组织工程生物支架材料。     

BMSCs／PLGA复合物修复山羊下颌髁突骨软骨缺损的实验研究

目的：观察利用BMSCs／PLGA复合物修复山羊下颌髁突骨软骨缺损的可行性及效果。方法：选取36只成年健康山羊，一侧关节制备3mm直径、5mm深的髁突表面骨软骨缺损，根据植入物不同分为BMSCs／PLGA复合物组、PLGA组及空白组，另一侧关节作为正常对照组。分别在术后6周和24周后处死每组6只动物，标本进行大体及组织学检查比较。结果：术后24周时空白组下颌髁突骨软骨缺损未能自发修复；植入PI。GA组的缺损表面虽有软骨形成，但连续性有中断；植入BMSCs／PLGA组的修复效果最佳，表面软骨接近正常纤维软骨。组织学评分结果也显示BMscs／PLGA组明显优于材料组和空白组。结论：BMSCs／PLGA复合物可以作为一种修复下颌髁突骨软骨缺损的新的有效方法。