布托啡诺联合丙泊酚、戊乙奎醚在胃镜检查中的应用

目的:研究布托啡诺联合丙泊酚、戊乙奎醚在胃镜检查的麻醉效果及安全性.方法:90例患者随机分为3组(n=30):布托啡诺组(B组)、丙泊酚组(P组)和对照组(C组).B组使用布托啡诺1 mg、戊乙奎醚0.5 mg和丙泊酚静脉缓慢推注行胃镜检查术;P组使用丙泊酚、戊乙奎醚0.5 mg行胃镜检查术;C组只使用咽喉表面麻醉.记...     

依托咪酯与咪唑安定在胃境检查中的临床观察

目的 观察依托咪酯用于无痛胃镜检查中的可行性和安全性,并与丙泊酚无痛胃境检查比较.方法 选择胃镜检查患者240例,随机分为二组,依托咪酯 咪唑安定组(A组)和丙泊酚 咪唑安定组(B组),每组120例.A组:依托咪酯0.25mg/kg 咪唑安定0.04mg/kg;B组:丙泊酚1.2mg/kg 咪唑安定0.04mg/kg.观察术中镇静程度及记忆缺失.苏醒时间、HR、SBP、DBP和脉搏血氧饱和度(SPO2)的变化.结果 A组、B组两组BP,SPO2下降和镇静程度和苏醒时间相仿.结论 依托咪酯0.25mg/kg 咪唑安定0.04mg/kg用于无痛胃镜检查是安全有效的.     

氟比洛芬酯丙泊酚混合液预防丙泊酚注射痛的临床观察

目的 观察氟比洛芬酯丙泊酚混合液预防丙泊酚注射痛的临床效果.方法 全身麻醉患者200例,随机分为4组,每组50例.A组静脉注射丙泊酚氟比洛芬酯混合液(丙泊酚2 mg/kg+氟比洛芬酯1 mg/kg)诱导麻醉;B组静脉注射氟比洛芬酯1 mg/kg后即刻静脉注射丙泊酚注射液(丙泊酚2 mg/kg+0.9%氯化钠溶液0.1 mL/kg)诱导麻醉;C组静脉注射丙泊酚利多卡因混合液(丙泊酚2 mg/kg+0.5%利多卡因0.1 mL/kg)诱导麻醉;D组静脉注射丙泊酚注射液(丙泊酚2 mg/kg+0.9%氯化钠溶液0.1 mL/kg)诱导麻醉.各组的药物注射速度均保持在0.5 mL/s,观察各组注射痛的发生率.结果 A、B、C组的无痛率显著高于D组(P值均＜0.01),轻度和中重度疼痛发生率显著低于D组(P值均＜0.01).B、C组的无痛率显著低于A组(P值分别＜0.01、0.05),轻度疼痛发生率显著高于A组(P值分别＜0.01、0.05).B组与C组间疼痛发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).结论 氟比洛芬酯能有效缓解丙泊酚注射痛,与丙泊酚混用效果更好.     

依托咪酯与咪唑安定在胃境检查巾的临床观察

目的 观察依托咪酯用于无痛胃镜检查中的可行性和安全性,并与丙泊酚无痛胃境检查比较.方法 选择胃镜检查患者240例,随机分为二组,依托咪酯 咪唑安定组(A组)和丙泊酚 咪唑安定组(B组),每组120例.A组:依托咪酯0.25mg/kg 咪唑安定0.04mg/kg;B组:丙泊酚1.2mg/kg 咪唑安定0.04mg/kg.观察术中镇静程度及记忆缺失、苏醒时间、HR、SBP、DBP和脉搏血氧饱和度(SPO2)的变化.结果 A组、B组两组BP、SPO2下降和镇静程度和苏醒时间相仿.结论 依托咪酯0.25mg/kg 咪唑安定0.04mg/kg用于无痛胃镜检查是安全有效的.     

依托咪酯与咪唑安定在胃境检查中的临床观察

目的 观察依托咪酯用于无痛胃镜检查中的可行性和安全性,并与丙泊酚无痛胃境检查比较.方法 选择胃镜检查患者240例,随机分为二组,依托咪酯+咪唑安定组(A组)和丙泊酚+咪唑安定组(B组),每组120例.A组:依托咪酯0.25mg/kg+咪唑安定0.04mg/kg;B组:丙泊酚1.2mg/kg+咪唑安定0.04mg/kg.观察术中镇静程度及记忆缺失.苏醒时间、HR、SBP、DBP和脉搏血氧饱和度(SPO2)的变化.结果 A组、B组两组BP,SPO2下降和镇静程度和苏醒时间相仿.结论 依托咪酯0.25mg/kg+咪唑安定0.04mg/kg用于无痛胃镜检查是安全有效的.     

不同药物在老年食管癌患者全麻诱导插管中的应用

目的比较异丙酚、依托咪酯用于老年食管癌患者全麻诱导插管时的效果及对循环系统的影响.方法65岁以上择期行食管癌根治术患者150例,ASAⅠ～Ⅲ级,随机平均分为异丙酚组(A组)、依托咪酯组(B组)、异丙酚合用依托咪酯组(C组).麻醉诱导静脉全麻药A组异丙酚2 mg/kg、B组依托咪酯0.2 mg/kg、C组依托咪酯0.1 mg/kg和异丙酚1.0 mg/kg,合用诱导药物均为阿曲库铵0.6 mg/kg、芬太尼4 μg/kg,诱导后5min进行气管插管.监测和记录麻醉诱导显效时间及循环系统的变化.观察患者有无不良反应及气管插管应激反应等.结果A组、C组麻醉诱导意识消失时间明显短于B组,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);A组与C组比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05).在循环系统方面与诱导前比较,B组在插管即刻血压和心率(HR)明显上升(P＜0.05),A组在诱导后血压和HR明显下降(P＜0.05),C组循环变化不明显(P＞0.05).血氧饱和度(SPO2)均保持在99%～100%.结论依托咪酯和异丙酚伍用是老年人食管癌麻醉诱导较为理想的方法.     

依托咪酯复合丙泊酚在老年患者无痛胃镜检查的应用

目的:观察依托咪酯复合丙泊酚在老年患者无痛胃镜中应用的安全性和有效性。方法:将200例要求行无痛胃镜检查的老年患者随机分成A、B组,各100例。诱导期A组给予芬太尼0.04 mg、丙泊酚1.5 mg/kg静脉分次注射,B组给予芬太尼0.04 mg、丙泊酚0.8 mg/kg静脉注射,数秒后再注射依托咪酯0.2 mg/kg。如检查过程中需追加药物,以丙泊酚0.5 mg/kg追加维持。观察麻醉前后2组患者血压、心率、动脉血氧饱和度(SpO2)、呼吸幅度和频率、胃壁蠕动、反流恶心和肌颤发生情况。结果:2组均顺利完成胃镜检查。麻醉后A组的平均动脉压、SpO2均较注射药物前和麻醉后B组显著下降(P0.01)。2组肌颤、反流呕吐发生差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论:在老年患者无痛胃镜中,依托咪酯复合丙泊酚可明显降低术中呼吸、循环抑制的发生率;反流、呕吐和肌颤发生率低,安全性高,具有一定的临床价值。     

丙泊酚减少无痛人工流产术中依托咪酯脂肪乳剂致肌震颤的效果观察

目的 观察丙泊酚预处理对减少无痛人工流产术中依托咪酯脂肪乳剂致肌震颤的作用.方法 将200例择期行无痛人工流产患者随机分为A组和B组,各100例.B组依次静脉注射舒芬太尼0.1μg/kg和依托咪酯脂肪乳剂0.2～0.3 mg/kg,A组在上述基础上加用丙泊酚1 mg/kg,观察两组疗效.结果 A组肌阵挛6例,中度肌震颤1例,无重度肌震颤;B组轻度21例,中度11例,重度5例,两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 丙泊酚预处理能在不影响麻醉效果前提下减少无痛人工流产术中依托咪酯脂肪乳剂导致的肌震颤,提高麻醉舒适度.     

预注小剂量丙泊酚对依托咪酯引起的肌阵挛和血流动力学的影响

目的：研究预注小剂量丙泊酚对依托咪酯引起的肌阵挛和血流动力学的影响。方法：选择全麻下行腹腔镜胆囊切除术90例,随机分为3组,每组30例。 A组：丙泊酚0.6 mg/kg,咪达唑仑0.05 mg/kg,依托咪酯0.3 mg/kg,顺式阿曲库铵0.3 mg/kg,芬太尼2μg/kg;B组：丙泊酚1.2 mg/kg,余同A组;C组：未使用丙泊酚,余同A组。观察3组诱导前(T0)、诱导后1 min(T1)、插管后即刻(T2)、插管后3 min(T3)血压、心率和肌阵挛的发生率。结果：和C组比较,A组和B组肌阵挛阳性率明显减少(P＜0.05);A组在各时间点血压、心率平稳,B组在T1、T3血压明显下降(P＜0.05),C组在T2时血压和心率明显升高(P＜0.05)。结论：预注小剂量丙泊酚可很好地预防依托咪酯引起的肌阵挛,且血流动力学稳定。     

依托咪酯配伍昂丹司琼用于无痛胃肠镜的临床观察

目的观察依托咪酯配伍昂丹司琼用于无痛胃肠的麻醉效果。方法60例无痛胃肠镜检查患者随机分为A、B两组各30例。术前A组给予依托咪酯(0.2～0.3)mg/kg,iv;B组给予1%依托咪酯(0.2～0.3)mg/kg+昂丹司琼4mg,iv。记录用药前、术中、术后1min和3min的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(SpO2),同时观察不良反应、唤醒时间和离院时间。结果A、B两组患者用药后MAP、HR无明显降低,与用药前差异无显著性(P0.05)。两组患者术中SpO2、唤醒时间和离院时间差异无显著性。A组中4例(13.33%)患者术后发生恶心呕吐。结论依托咪酯联合昂丹司琼用于无痛胃肠镜术的麻醉安全有效,循环平稳,可降低术后恶心、呕吐的发生率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.