河南省豫东平原片区人群肠道寄生虫调查报告

本文报告河南省豫东平原１０个县（市）人群的肠道寄生虫感染情况。按全国人体寄生虫分布调查实施细则的要求和方法，共检查２２４２４人，查见寄生虫感染者１５５２７例，其感染率为６９．２％。查见寄生虫２０种，其中线虫７种，绦虫３种，吸虫１种和原虫９种。各种寄生虫感染率分别为：蛔虫４５．４％、鞭虫４．６％、蛲虫０．０６％（粪检结果，１５岁以下儿童肛拭结果２５．３％）、钩虫２７％（幼虫培养结果为十二指肠钩虫１９．６％，美洲钩虫１．３％）、华支睾吸虫０．３％、带绦虫０．０１％、缩小膜壳绦虫０．０４％、微小膜壳绦虫０．０２％、东方毛圆线虫０．０１％、粪类圆线虫０．０１％、溶组织内阿米巴０．６％、结肠内阿米巴３．８％、哈氏内阿米巴３．９％、贾第虫７．２％、迈氏唇鞭毛虫０．１％、肠内滴虫０．０３％和人芽囊原虫１．１％。     

河南省豫南山地丘陵片区人群肠道寄生虫调查报告

在豫南山地丘陵片区潢川、淮滨、罗山和桐柏４个县进行人群肠道寄生虫分布调查。共检查８８８２人，查见肠道寄生虫感染者６０６５例，其感染率为６８．３％。共查见寄生虫１９种，其中原虫７种、线虫７种、吸虫３种和绦虫２种。各种寄生虫感染率分别为溶组织内阿米巴１％、结肠内阿米巴２．７％、哈氏内阿米巴５．２％、微小内蜒阿米巴７．２％、布氏嗜碘阿米巴０．５％、贾第虫４．３％、人芽囊原虫１．４％、蛔虫３４．５％、鞭虫３１．６％、钩虫２８．６％、蛲虫４．８％、美洲钩虫１．７％、十二指肠钩虫１８．５％、粪类圆线虫０．０７％、结节线虫０．０１％、华支睾吸虫０．４％、姜片虫０．０１％、肝片吸虫０．０１％、带绦虫０．０２％和微小膜壳绦虫０．４％。     

陕西省人体寄生虫分布调查报告

本文报告陕西省２６县（市）１０３个调查点人群肠道寄生虫分布情况。受检率在９５％以上，人群寄生虫总感染率为４８．１％（２５６４６／５３３２４），共查见肠道寄生虫１７种，其中包括线虫６种，绦虫４种，肠道原虫７种。各种寄生虫感染率分别为：蛔虫４１．６％、鞭虫５．３％、钩虫０．０１％、蛲虫３７．０％、东方毛圆线虫０．００６％、粪类圆线虫０．００２％、猪带绦虫０．００２％、缩小膜壳绦虫０．０２％、微小膜壳绦虫０．０２％、柯氏伪裸头绦虫０．００４％、溶组织内阿米巴０．２％、结肠内阿米巴０．７％、哈氏内阿米巴０．１％、微小内蜒阿米巴０．２％、布氏嗜碘阿米巴０．０２％、贾第虫０．９％和肠内滴虫０．０５％。寄生虫感染率的高低与当地的气温、海拔高低和经济文化因素有关。     

宁夏儿童青少年人体寄生虫感染现状

本文报道宁夏抽查４２个点，１８岁以内儿童青少年人体寄生虫感染情况共检查９４６０人，其寄生虫总感染率为５３．１％，共查见寄生虫２０种。人群各种寄生虫感染率分别为：蛔虫３０．６％、蛲虫１８．３％、鞭虫０．４％、钩虫０．３％、粪类圆线虫０．０５％、带绦虫０．０１％、微小膜壳绦虫０．０１％、缩小膜壳绦虫０．０２％、旋毛虫１．９％、棘球蚴９．０％、溶组织内阿米巴０．０６％、哈氏内阿米巴０．３％、布氏嗜碘阿米巴０．５％、微小内蜒阿米巴０．７％、人芽囊原虫０．０６％和结肠小袋纤毛虫０．０２％。１人同时感染２、３和４种寄生虫者依次有６３８例、５７例和３例。以蛔虫、贾第虫为例进行统计学分析，城镇与农村的儿童青少年感染率间差别有非常显著意义（χ２蛔虫＝１０８．６９０８，χ２贾第虫＝２０．８７４６，其Ｐ值均＜０．０１）。     

西藏自治区人体寄生虫分布调查

本文报告１９８８年５月至１９９０年１０月，按全国人体寄生虫分布调查实施细则方法对本区１３个县３０个调查点进行人群寄生虫分布调查。实检率为７１．７％（１０３１５／１４３７９）。人群寄生虫总感染率为５１．６％（５３２５／１０３１５），共查见寄生虫２４种，其中包括原虫１０种、线虫９种和绦虫５种。各种寄生虫感染率分别为：溶组织内阿米巴８．１％、结肠内阿米巴１３．３％、哈氏内阿米巴１．５％、微小内蜒阿米巴３．３％、布氏嗜碘阿米巴８．５％、贾第虫８．２％、人毛滴虫０．０２％、结肠小袋纤毛虫０．０１％、人芽囊原虫０．３％、肉孢子虫１２．６％、蛔虫６．０％、鞭虫２．３％、钩虫０．３％、粪类圆线虫０．０１％、毛圆线虫０．０４％、蛲虫１１．５％、小杆属线虫０．０３％、旋毛虫２６．８％、带绦虫８．５％、缩小膜壳绦虫０．１％、微小膜壳绦虫１．５％、棘球蚴３４．９％和裂头蚴２１．４％。其中，小杆属线虫和毛圆线虫、哈氏内阿米巴，人毛滴虫、人芽囊原虫为我区首次报道。作者认为寄生虫感染率的高低与当地地理类型、经济、文化及生活习惯有关。     

黑龙江人体寄生虫分布调查结果的分析

根据卫生部１９８６年《关于全国人体寄生虫分布调查的通知》要求，于１９８８－１９９１年，按全国人体寄生虫分布调查实施细则方法，对黑龙江省６个片区２６个县（市）１０１个调查点５２１３１人进行了人体寄生虫分布调查。共查见人体寄生虫１７种，其中原虫１０种，蠕虫７种。寄生虫总感染率为１７．５％。各种寄生虫的感染率分别为溶组织内阿米巴０．２％、结肠内阿米巴１％、哈氏内阿米巴０．０２％、微小内蜒阿米巴０．４％、布氏嗜碘阿米巴０．０７％、贾第虫０．３％、结肠小袋纤毛虫０．０１％、人芽囊原虫０．２％、人毛滴虫１例、等孢球虫２例、蛔虫１０．３％、鞭虫０．６％、粪类圆线虫０．０２％、华支睾吸虫１．２％、猪带绦虫０．１％、微小膜壳绦虫０．０３％和１５岁以下儿童蛲虫感染率的１６％。男、女感染率分别为１７．６％与１７．４％，两者间差别无显著意义（χ２＝１．０８９１，Ｐ＞０．０５）。蛔虫、蛲虫以学龄前儿童和中、小学生感染率最高，分别为２４．９％和２２．３％。华支睾吸虫以渔民的感染率为最高，为２．９％。经济收入的高低与人体寄生虫感染有关。通过本次调查，为我省制定防治规划、开展寄生虫病防治工作提供了重要的科学依据。     

江苏省人群寄生虫感染情况调查

按全国人体寄生虫分布调查实施细则要求，调查全省３２个县、市１２０个点，共查６３６９９人，其寄生虫总感染率为６３．５％，多虫感染占４３．３％。查见原虫９种，蠕虫１３种。各种寄生虫感染率分别为：溶组织内阿米巴０．９％、结肠内阿米巴２．７％、哈氏内阿米巴２．２％、微小内蜒阿米巴０．５％、布氏嗜碘阿米巴０．２％、贾第虫２．４％、结肠小袋纤毛虫１例、迈氏唇鞭毛虫０．０１％、人芽囊原虫２例、蛔虫３２．５％、鞭虫２７．３％、钩虫２１．８％、蛲虫２３．１％、东方毛圆线虫０．０１％、缩小三齿线虫２例、粪类圆线虫２例、艾氏毛圆线虫２例、华支睾吸虫０．５％、姜片虫０．４％、带绦虫２例、微小膜壳绦虫０．０４％。提示我省寄生虫感染是较为严重的。蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫、溶组织内阿米巴感染率以女性为高，贾第虫以儿童为主，提示加强全民防治的同时，更要重视重点人群的防治。     

天津市人体寄生虫分布调查

１９８７－１９９０年，天津市按照全国人体寄生虫分布调查实施细则的方法，对市辖５个县进行了抽样调查，共查见寄生虫１３种，其中原虫６种，蠕虫７种。总感染率为３８．６％。各种寄生虫感染分别为：蛔虫２８．３％、鞭虫６．９％、蛲虫１５．３％、钩虫０．４％、华支睾吸虫０．２％、溶组织内阿米巴１．７％、结肠内阿米巴２．３％、哈氏内阿米巴０．２％、微小内蜒阿米巴０．９％、布氏嗜碘阿米巴０．３％和贾第虫１．７％。除蛔虫感染率女性高于男性（χ２＝１０．８５，Ｐ＜０．００１）、贾第虫男性高于女性（χ２＝６．０４，Ｐ＜０．０１）外，其他虫种性别间的差别无显著意义。     

内蒙古自治区人体肠道寄生虫分布情况的调查

１９８９－１９９１年内蒙古自治区完成６０个点３０７１３人的人体肠道寄生虫分布调查，受检率９４．２％，查见肠道寄生虫感染者７２９８例，其感染率为２３．８％。其中，查见蠕虫５种，原虫６种，其感染率分别为：蛔虫１６．６％、蛲虫５．２％、溶组织内阿米巴１．８％、结肠内阿米巴１．７％、布氏嗜碘阿米巴０．２％、贾第虫０．２％、绦虫０．２％、微小内蜒阿米巴０．２％、鞭虫０．２％、十二指肠钩虫０．０７％、哈氏内阿米巴０．０４％。感染率分布似与景观带和经济等级有关。本调查首次报道内蒙古地区存有十二指肠钩虫和布氏嗜碘阿米巴。这为全区寄生虫防治工作提供了依据。     

青海省牧业区人体寄生虫分布及分析

按全国人体寄生虫分布调查实施细则的要求，于１９８９－１９９１年间对青海省牧业区１０个调查点的４８３８人进行了调查，结果其寄生虫总感染率为３２．１％，共查见人体寄生虫１３种，其中蠕虫５种，原虫８种。各种寄生虫的感染率分别为：蛔虫１２．８％、鞭虫０．７％、溶组织内阿米巴０．５％、结肠内阿米巴７．６％、哈氏内阿米巴０．３％、微小内蜒阿米巴４．６％、布氏嗜碘阿米巴０．７％、贾第虫７．１％、结肠小袋纤毛虫０．０２％、人芽囊原虫２．２％、牛带绦虫１．２％；１２岁以下儿童蛲虫感染率为１５．５％（２１６／１３９７）；包虫病平均患病率为３．０％。蛔虫感染者中９９．８％为轻、中度感染者。多虫感染占１８．２％。结果提示，青海省牧业区蛔虫、蛲虫分布较广，感染水平亦属本区最高，尤以集体生活的少年儿童感染为重。但同我国其它部分地区相比，尚属低感染程度，这同高原大陆性气候相关密切。而流行分布最广、危害最重的乃属绦虫类疾病中的包虫病，这是我省寄生虫病防治工作的重点。     

山西省晋中地区人群寄生虫感染情况的调查

本文报道山西省晋中地区人群寄生虫分布调查结果。从榆次、平遥、左权和昔阳4个县(市),11个点,调查5750人,其中寄生虫感染者2778例,感染率为48.3％。经标准化人口处理后的感染率为47.2％。男、女感染率分别为48.5％(1375/2835)和48.1％(1403/2915)。15岁以下和16岁以上年龄组的感染率分别为59.4％(1155/1946)和42.7％(1623/3804)。本次共查出原虫10种,蠕虫6种,未查见吸虫。蛔虫、鞭虫、蛲虫、钩虫、猪肉绦虫、微小膜壳绦虫、结肠内阿米巴、哈氏内阿米巴、微小内蜒阿米巴、溶组织内阿米巴、布氏嗜碘阿米巴、贾第虫、人毛滴虫、人酵母菌、迈氏唇鞭毛虫和等孢子球虫的感染率依次为25％、2.2％、5.6％、0.02％、0.02％、0.05％、4.5％、4.6％、6.4％、0.3％、1.1％、3.8％、5.8％、1.6％、0.04％和0.02％。     

Co-occurrence of parasites sensu lato in alimentary tract of patients hospitalised in lower Silesia

Up to now, the co-occurrence of parasites sensu stricto and fungi were confirmed mostly in the oral cavity. The aim of the present parallel parasitological and mycological investigations was to determine co-occurrence of protozoa, helminths and fungi (parasites sensu lato) both in smears from cavity and in stool samples of 93 patients undergoing the non-parasitological treatment in two hospitals of Lower Silesia (Poland). Among the examined patients parasites sensu lato (13 species) were found in 62 cases (63%). Trofozoites of Trichomonas tenax and/or Entamoeba gingivalis as well as fungi (Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis and C. pseudotropicalis) occurred in 10% of the examined patients. Almost all infected cases (90%) were joined with infection of common invasion of protozoa and fungi. In stool common invasion of parasites sensu lato (Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba coli, Ascaris lumbricoides, Taenia sp., Enterobius vermicularis as well as Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. pseudotropicalis, C. guilliermondii and Rhodotorula sp.) were found in 12% of the patiens. The co-occurrence of parasites and fungi was stated in the half of invasions. C. albicans was the most often co-occurring species in alimentary tract.     

The present situation of paragonimiasis in endemic area in Phitsanulok Province

A cross-sectional survey and evaluation of paragonimiasis situation from endemic area in Phitsanulok Province was studied. Studies on the species and prevalence of parasites which infected people in Noen Maprang, Phitsanulok Province were also conducted during October 1999-March 2000. The sputum specimens were collected and examined to identify Paragonimus heterotremus eggs. In addition fecal samples were collected and examined for parasites by the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique. P. heterotremus eggs were detected in 2 out of 391 sputum specimens; a prevalence of 0.51%. A total of 584 stool specimens were obtained and examined. It was found that the prevalence of parasitic infection was 36.30%. Opisthorchis viverrini infection was the most prevalent (10.78%), followed by Strongyloides stercoralis (9.59%), hookworm (8.22%), Echinostoma spp (2.23%), minute intestinal flukes (1.54%), Taenia species (1.37%), Enterobius vermicularis (0.68%), Entamoeba coli (1.03%) and Giardia lamblia (0.86%). The prevalent rate of paragonimiasis in this endemic area in Phitsanulok Province has decreased during the past decade. However, there were other important parasite infections, especially opisthorchiasis and strongylodiasis and these should be studied further.     

Occurrence of human intestinal parasites in selected populations of Cracow region in the years 2000-2006 on the basis of parasitological stool examinations performed in the Laboratory of Parasitology of the District Sanitary-Epidemiological Center

BACKGROUND: Infections with intestinal parasites are the most frequent parasitic diseases in all human populations. According to available epidemiological data enterobiosis, giardiosis and ascariosis are the most prevalent in Poland. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of human intestinal parasites in three selected populations in Cracow between 2000-2006. MATERIAL AND METHODS: As many as 5383 stool samples were tested with the use of coproscopic methods and ELISA for the presence of Giardia intestinalis coproantigen. RESULTS: In 283 stool samples different species of intestinal parasites were detected. The prevalence of human intestinal parasites was minimal in 2002, with the ratio of 3.30%, while the maximal prevalence was noted in 2005 (8.86%). The mean prevalence of intestinal parasites in 2000-2006 was 5.26%. In this period of time the most prevalent intestinal parasite among children and adults was Enterobius vermicularis (2.35% and 1.84% respectively), and in the population of citizens returning from the tropics were Entamoeba coli (6.98%). Besides, a gradual trend of decrease in the number of patients referred directly to our laboratory for parasitic examination of stool samples was noted over the last years.     

Human parasitoses of the Malili area, South Sulawesi (Celebes) province, Indonesia.

A biomedical survey was conducted in 9 villages in the Malili area of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Blood specimens were examined for malaria and microfilariae; stool specimens were examined for intestinal parasites. Malaria parasitemias were rare; Plasmodium falciparum was detected in 10 and P. vivax in 11 of 985 blood smears. Malayan filariasis was endemic to all villages surveyed. The overall prevalence of detectable microfilaremias was 15%, varying from 34% in Kawata to 1% in Nuha. Microfilarial densities, expressed as MfD50 averaged 8.0 and varied from 1.1 in Timampu to 16.0 in Karabbe. Intestinal parasites were common. Although Schistosoma japonicum was not found, 97% of the examined had one or more intestinal parasites as follows: Ascaris lumbricoides (74%), Trichuris trichiura (65%), hookworm (62%), Entamoeba coli (38%), Endolimax nana (10%), Entamoeba histolytica (6%), Iodamoeba bütschlii (4%), Entamoeba hartmanni (3%), Giardia lamblia (2%) Chilomastix mesnili (1%) and Enterobius vermicularis (1%). Strongyloides stercoralis larvae and Hymenolepis nana eggs were detected once each and heterophyid-like eggs were detected twice.     

浙江台州地区人群寄生虫感染情况的调查

1988—1989年在黄岩、天台、仙居、临海4县(市)共调查15个点7840人,查明当地有19种人体寄生虫,感染率达76.1％。蛔虫、鞭虫、蛲虫、钩虫(十二指肠钩虫和美洲钩虫)、粪类圆线虫、小杆属线虫、缩小三齿线虫、结节线虫、后睾科吸虫、横川后殖吸虫、姜片虫、溶组织内阿米巴、结肠内阿米巴、布氏嗜碘阿米巴、微小内蜒阿米巴、哈氏内阿米巴、贾第虫和贝氏等孢球虫的感染率依次为49.6％、25.1％、9.0％、32.4％、0.04％、0.1％、0.1％、0.1％、0.04％、0.01％、0.01％、4.4％、5.6％、2.2％、1.2％、1.5％、7.5％和0.03％。男、女性感染率分别为76.7％和75.4％。多重感染者为56.3％,人体寄生虫感染与经济状况、地理条件、饮用水源有关。     

Extensive multiparasitism in a village of Yunnan province, People's Republic of China, revealed by a suite of diagnostic methods

Intestinal multiparasitism, the accuracy of different diagnostic techniques, and the influence of sampling effort were studied among 215 individuals in a Bulang village, Yunnan province, People's Republic of China. Behavioral, demographic, and socioeconomic data were obtained by questionnaire. Multiple stool specimens were examined by the Kato-Katz, Koga agar plate, Baermann, and ether-concentration methods. Eight helminth and 7 protozoa species were diagnosed. The prevalence of each of the 3 main soil-transmitted helminths (Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, and Trichuris trichiura) exceeded 85%. Blastocystis hominis was the most prevalent intestinal protozoan (20.0%). Over 80% of the individuals harbored 3 or more intestinal parasites concurrently. The infection intensities were predominantly light for hookworm and T. trichiura but moderate for A. lumbricoides. Examination of 3 instead of 1 stool specimen increased the sensitivity of helminth diagnosis, most notably for hookworm. Intestinal multiparasitism is rampant in this rural part of Yunnan province and calls for control measures.     

江苏省苏南地区人体重要寄生虫感染现状调查

目的 了解江苏省苏南地区农村人体寄生虫感染的现状和特点，以制订切实可行的防治措施。方法 按全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查实施细则的要求和方法，在江苏省苏南地区中签的8个点中的4082人进行粪检。结果 寄生虫平均感染率为6．71％，男、女感染率分别为4．77％和8．42％，两者差异非常显著(P＜0．01)。共查见寄生虫5种，感染率分别为蛔虫0．44％(18／4082)、钩虫5．46％(223／4082)、鞭虫0．78％(32／4082)、姜片虫0．02％(1／4082)、蛲虫2．19％(9／411)。有2种虫感染者占感染人数的3．30％。蛔虫、鞭虫、蛲虫感染率15岁以下年龄组最高，钩虫感染率最高的是50岁以上年龄组，女性高于男性。结论 江苏省苏南地区人体寄生虫感染率较10年前已有大幅度下降，感染虫种以钩虫为主，而且以美洲钩虫为优势虫种，少数未系统防治的乡、村，中、老年女性和儿童为今后防治寄生虫病重点地区和人群。     

Prevalence and seasonal fluctuations of intestinal parasitic infections in the Nablus area, West Bank of Jordan

A total of 22,970 stool specimens collected from patients attending the Central Medical Laboratory in the city of Nablus in the period of 1981-1986 were examined for intestinal parasites. Of these 7412 (32.3%) were positive. Entamoeba histolytica (22.9%), Giardia lamblia (7.3%), and Ascaris lumbricoides (5.7%) were the most prevalent intestinal parasites found. Other intestinal parasites present included Hymenolepis nana, Trichomonas hominis, Trichuris trichiura, Taenia saginata, Enterobius vermicularis and Strongyloides stercoralis. Seasonal occurrence of intestinal parasites in the West Bank of Jordan was also studied in the period January 1981-August 1987. Lower prevalence rates of intestinal parasites generally occurred during winter and early spring. Peak incidence occurred during summer and early autumn. The reasons for these seasonal variations are discussed.