股骨近端髓内钉(PFNA)和股骨近端锁定钢板(LPFP)治疗股骨粗隆间骨折

目的 探讨股骨近端髓内钉(PFNA)和股骨近端锁定钢板(LPFP)治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2013年2月～2014年6月我科对39例股骨粗隆间骨折的患者,按Evens分型,分别选择股骨近端髓内钉和股骨近端锁定钢板来进行固定治疗.结果 本组39例患者,两组患者的髋关节功能无明显的差别,但在手术时间,术中的出血量,手术的创伤等方面,股骨近端髓内钉明显优于股骨近端锁定钢板.结论 股骨近端髓内钉比股骨近端锁定钢板更适合用于治疗股骨粗隆间骨折.     

Gamma钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折

股骨粗隆间骨折是老年人常见的骨折，随着人口的老龄化，老年人粗隆间骨折发生率逐年提高。有效治疗股骨粗隆间骨折，对提高老年患者的生活质量，挽救老年人生命有积极的意义。对有手术指征的股骨粗隆间骨折进行手术是目前治疗方法的首选。我院自2003年1月至2006年7月应用Gamma钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折17例，取得较满意效果。     

伽玛型髓内钉植入治疗股骨粗隆间骨折32例临床分析

目的 探讨伽玛型髓内钉植入治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的临床效果.方法 64例股骨粗隆间骨折患者随机平分为两组,治疗组采用伽玛型髓内钉植入治疗,对照组采用空心钉固定治疗.结果 空心钉相比,伽玛钉固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的手术时间短、术中出血及输血量少.但是两组在骨折愈合时间相比无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论 伽玛髓内钉治疗复杂股骨粗隆问骨折是一种较为理想的治疗方法,值得推广,但是应根据患者情况,严格掌握手术适应症.     

股骨近端髓内钉-螺旋刀片（PFN-A）治疗老年股骨粗隆间不稳定骨折

目的：探讨应用股骨近端髓内钉-螺旋刀片（PFN-A）治疗老年股骨粗隆间不稳定骨折的临床疗效。方法：自2006年1月-2007年10月，采用PFN—A治疗老年股骨粗隆间不稳定骨折19例。结果：19例均获3—10个月随访，骨折全部临床愈合。按Harris关节评分：优9例，良8例，可2例，优良率89．5％。结论：PFN-A治疗老年股骨粗隆间不稳定骨折，具有手术操作简单，创伤小，固定可靠的特点，是治疗老年股骨粗隆间不稳定骨折的良好选择之一。     

应用DHS治疗股骨粗隆间骨折

股骨粗隆间骨折是老年人常见的骨折,自2000年1月～2005年10月,我院采用DHS(Dynamic Hip Screw加压滑动鹅头钉)治疗股骨粗隆间骨折33例,收到良好效果.……     

亚洲型髋关节髓内钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的效果分析

目的 探讨亚洲型髋关节髓内钉(Asian intramedulary hip system,ASIAN IMHS)治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的临床效果.方法 自2008年5月～2010年10月对46例股骨粗隆间骨折采用ASIAN IMHS固定治疗,并观察其疗效.结果 随访7～15个月,骨折全部愈合,其优良率为94.4％.结论 ASIAN IMHS治疗股骨粗隆间骨折具有操作简便,创伤小,出血量少,手术时间短,固定稳定可靠,术后恢复好,是治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的理想选择.     

股骨前弓角在股骨粗隆间骨折髓内钉内固定生物力学临床实践研究

目的通过对股骨前弓角在股骨粗隆间骨折(intertrochanteric fracture,IF)髓内钉内固定的生物力学分析,探讨股骨前弓角在股骨粗隆间骨折临床治疗中的意义。方法对股骨粗隆间骨折进行生物力学分析,然后对2013年1月至2019年1月民航总医院骨科收治的股骨粗隆间骨折手术患者266例进行回顾性研究。患者分为70岁以上年龄组和70岁以下年龄组,均行髓内钉内固定手术治疗,对股骨前弓角、股骨大粗隆顶点至股骨前弓角顶点的距离(顶尖距)及术后恢复Harris评分进行统计学分析。结果股骨前弓角及Harris评分两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),顶尖距两组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。70岁以上年龄组女性股骨前弓角(7.71°±1.94°)大于男性股骨前弓角(6.41°±2.05°)(P<0.05),而男性顶尖距(184.65 cm±19.31 cm)大于女性顶尖距(176.50 cm±17.83 cm)(P<0.05),术后恢复Harris评分未见明显差别(P>0.05)。结论股骨前弓角在股骨粗隆间骨折髓内钉内固定生物力学固定中具有重要意义,临床治疗中股骨前弓角和顶尖距可作为重要参考以取得最佳的临床效果。     

国产股骨近端髓内钉治疗老年粗隆间骨折

目的评价国产股骨近端髓内钉治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的临床疗效。方法 2003年2月- 2005年3月采用国产股骨近端髓内钉内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折36例,骨折按Evans分型,Ⅰ型9 例,Ⅱ型12例,Ⅲ型8例,Ⅳ型7例。结果所有患者获得随访, 随访时间6-15个月,平均8个月,按Harris髋关节评分,优28例,良5例,中3例,优良率91．7％。结论采用国产股骨近端髓内钉治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折具有创伤小、固定可靠、操作简单,术后恢复快,价格低廉等优点。     

加压滑动鹅头钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的体会

目的探讨股骨粗隆间骨折的手术方法和内固定材料.方法对75例老年患者各种类型股骨粗隆间骨用加压滑动鹅头钉内固定手术治疗,经过1-3年的随访.结果 75例无一例死亡或并发症,骨折愈合功能恢复满意.结论加压滑动鹅头钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折是一种理想的固定方法和内固定材料.     

羟基磷灰石涂层Schanz钉治疗老年性股骨粗隆间骨折

目的探讨应用羟基磷灰石涂层Schanz钉结合外固定架治疗老年性股骨粗隆间骨折的优越性。方法总结2008年2月~2010年9月股骨粗隆间骨折患者17例,平均年龄71.7岁,应用羟基磷灰石涂层Schanz钉和外固定架﹙Orthofix﹚治疗。结果 17例患者术后均达到骨折愈合,愈合过程中无螺钉及外固定支架的松动。结论羟基磷灰石涂层Schanz钉和外固定架治疗老年性股骨粗隆间骨折具有固定稳定,操作简便,创伤小的优势。     

Secular change in menarche in women in Madrid

The age at menarche was estimated by recollection in 1617 women between the ages of 18 and 60 in Madrid and a nearby suburb, Pinto. The population of Pinto is working-class and the Madrid group, taken from residential neighbourhoods , belongs to the upper middle class. In both groups we found a diminution in average age at menarche, from 14.04 to 13.02 years in Madrid and from 14.55 to 13.16 years from about 1935 to about 1965 in Pinto. These changes have been more intense in the group which is less well-off economically, where living conditions have varied much more drastically.     

Intestinal helminthiasis in school children in Haiti in 2002

A survey on intestinal helminths in school children was conducted in Haiti in 2002. This first nationwide study involving the entire country was stratified by department according to urban and rural zones using the cluster method. Focusing on elementary school children (n=5792; age range 3 to 20 years), it involved 26 urban and 49 rural schools randomly selected. Stools were preserved in formalin and examined by the Ritchie technique. Thirty-four per cent of stools (1981/5792) tested positive for intestinal helminths with the following parasites identified: Ascaris lumbricoides (27.3%), Trichuris trichiura (7.3%), Necator americanus (3.8%), Hymenolepsis nana (2%), Taenia sp. (0.3%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (0.2%). The helminth prevalence was higher in rural (38.4%) compared to urban areas (30%). There was no significant difference in prevalence by sex and age. The importance of geohelminths changed from one department to another with the highest prevalence found in the Southern department of Grande Anse (73.7%) and the lowest prevalence in the Center department (20.6%). Five out of the country's nine departments had a similar prevalence varying from 25.5% to 28.2%. Intestinal helminthic polyparasitism was observed in a percentage of infested school children comprise between 3.4% and 28.6% according in relation to the geographical area. A program to fight against geohelminths in school children should be initiated as a public health priority. Albendazole is the drug of choice. Frequency of drug distribution should be based on the prevalence of geohelminths in each department.     

Experience in adult population in dengue outbreak in Delhi

A dengue outbreak has recently hit the Indian capital. We studied the clinical profile of adult patients. Five hundred and sixty patients of dengue infection were admitted in a specially created ward according to the criteria laid down by WHO. Haematemesis (28.28%), epistaxis (26.78%) and malena (14.28%) were some of the common presentations. Similarly lymphadenopathy, especially cervical (30.89%), palatal rashes (26.96%) and hepatomegaly (23.75%) were the most commonly encountered findings on physical examination. Most of the cases were of dengue fever with haemorrhage and only 2.5% cases were classified under dengue haemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. The average hospital stay was 3.4 days but only 9.8 hours in the eleven patients who died, suggesting their late arrival in preterminal situation giving little time for resuscitation. Thrombocytopenia was not a feature and only 12.85% patients had platelet count less than 70,000/cmm. Most of the patients who were admitted with thrombocytopenia, showed normalization in their platelet counts in next few days. Serological examination demonstrated evidence of recent dengue infection in 41.17% patients. Few patients required blood or platelet concentrate transfusion. Eleven patients died, three due to DIC, one of intracranial haemorrhage and seven due to massive gastric haemorrhage. Rest of the patients recovered completely. Thus we can conclude that recent outbreak in Delhi was of dengue fever with haemorrhage and mortality was very low in patients who came early to the hospital.     

Changes in the hypothalamic nuclei in in experimental allergy

Summary In rabbits subjected to prolonged sensitization and in which the Arthus phenomenon was induced there was a marked reaction of the hypothalamic nuclei. Staining by Gomori's method indicated a cellular swelling, loss of granules, and protoplasmic vacuolization in the supraoptic nucleus. There was a considerable increase in the size of the cross-sectional area of the cells. The same effects were much less well shown in the paraventricular nucleus. These results show that marked signs of increased neurosecretion developed in the animals at the height of the Arthus phenomenon.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten Éksperimental'noi biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 110–113, April, 1963.     

Development in in vitro toxicology

There are three principal pressures driving the development of in vitro toxicology: (1) the need for more efficient testing systems to cope with the large number of xenobiotics currently being developed; (2) public pressure to reduce animal experimentation; and (3) a need for a better understanding of the mechanisms of toxicity. Within this, in vitro toxicology is focused on local, systemic, and target-organ toxicity. It is becoming increasingly apparent that a step or decision-tree approach using input of a variety of experimental data (physicochemical properties, biokinetics, cytotoxicity) provides the most efficient system for predicting toxicity. Examples of the use of in vitro toxicity systems for prediction of systemic toxicity and target-organ (liver) toxicity are presented.Originally presented at ECCP 93.