改良Pfannenstiel切口与下腹部直切口在前列腺术中的临床比较分析

目的 探讨改良Pfannenstiel切口与下腹部直切口对前列腺摘除术的安全性及术后切口愈合的优缺点方法随机对82例前列腺肥大患者采用改良Pfannenstiel切口行耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术,和60例前列腺肥大患者采用下腹部直切口行耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术,术后对切口的愈合情况及其并发症进行回顾性对照性研究和远期疗效...     

改良Pfannenstiel切口在泌尿外科下腹部手术中的临床应用研究

目的 探讨改良Pfannenstiel切口在泌尿外科下腹部手术中的安全性及其切口愈合的优势.方法 对177例泌尿外科下腹部手术患者采用改良Pfannenstiel切口进行手术,术后观察切口愈合情况,其中耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术者86例,膀胱肿瘤、膀胱部分切除术者32例,膀胱破裂修补术者21例,骨盆骨折后尿道断裂尿道会师牵引术者19例,膀胱结石耻骨上经膀胱切开取石术者17例,膀胱憩室切除术2例,并对本组患者切口的感染、切口裂开等愈合情况及并发症进行了回顾性研究和远期疗效的观察.结果 本组1例因膀胱巨大结石,术后发生切口感染;1例出现切口皮下瘀血,其余病例无切口感染、裂开者,未发生下肢静脉血栓及坠积性肺炎等并发症;患者翌日均呈半卧位,对合并腹股沟疝者无须另取切口,可一次完成,所有患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合.结论 改良Pfamnenstiol切口具有切口张力小、位置低、暴露好、患者术后疼痛轻,肠功能恢复快,可免腹带,切口方向顺应皮纹,隐蔽,易愈合,符合美学观点,患者易接受.翌日半卧位不仅可早期预防肺部并发症,还可改善患者的呼吸,减少呼吸道并发症;同时可早期下床活动,易利于下肢静脉血栓的防止.同时从解剖学上避免了下腹部腹直肌后鞘不完整造成的弊端,降低了切口疝的发生率;值得临床推广应用.     

良性前列腺增生症合并腹股沟疝的手术治疗

目的:探讨前列腺增生症合并腹股沟疝一次性手术方法。方法:术前控制泌尿系感染。采用下腹部弧形切口,先行耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术,保护创面后行疝修补术治疗前列腺增生症合并腹股沟疝患者16例。结果:切口均Ⅰ期愈合,随访3个月～2年未见疝复发及尿失禁、尿道狭窄等并发症发生。结论:前列腺增生症合并腹股沟疝可一次性完成手术,但术前若有泌尿系感染,要控制感染。     

良性前列腺增生并发腹股沟疝同期手术的不同术式比较

目的 :探讨良性前列腺增生 (BPH)并发腹股沟疝的同期手术的最佳术式。方法 :对同期手术治疗的4 1例BPH并发腹股沟疝患者 ,经尿道前列腺电切术 (TURP)加疝修补术 2 1例 (第 1组 ) ;耻骨上V形切口行耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术 (SPP)加疝修补术 6例 (第 2组 ) ;下腹部纵行切口行SPP加腹膜前疝修补术 10例 (第 3组 ) ;下腹部纵行切口行SPP加腹股沟斜切口疝修补术 4例 (第 4组 )。结果 :随访 2个月～ 5年 ,第 3组有 3例疝复发 ,其它各组未见疝复发。手术切口感染及其它手术并发症在各组中均未发生。术后住院时间第 1组明显低于其它各组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :在BPH并发腹股沟疝的同期手术中 ,疝修补术加TURP应为首选 ,如BPH需开放手术 ,采用耻骨上V形切口行SPP加疝修补术为简单有效的术式     

良性前列腺增生开放手术同时行腹股沟无张力疝修补术26例报告

目的评价在良性前列腺增生(BPH)开放手术的同时行经腹股沟无张力疝修补术的疗效。方法26例伴有可复性腹股沟疝的BPH患者,采用补片修补,行经腹股沟无张力疝修补术,然后按常规方法行耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术。结果26例患者均获随访,随访时间为6个月~10年,1例术后14个月出现腹股沟疝复发,复发率3.8%,其他25例未出现感染和腹股沟疝复发。结论在耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术同时行经腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术的手术方法简单,效果肯定,对老年患者更有意义。     

耻骨后前列腺摘除术气囊置入前列腺窝内——附20例报告(摘要)

手术摘除前列腺如何减少出血及防止术后出血,十分重要。我院1984年1～12月行耻骨后前列腺囊直切口前列腺摘除术20例,将气囊置入腺窝压迫止血,气囊管尖端与膀胱造瘘管尖端在膀胱内端端缝合,获止血可靠的效果,现报告如下。手术方法 1.切口:耻骨上正中切口。膀胱颈郝前列腺囊纵行切开,于5和7点钟处作     

经下腹部微笑切口的耻骨后前列腺癌根治术

目的：探讨经下腹部弧形微笑切口进行耻骨后前列腺癌根治术的方法和效果。方法：采用中心定位于前列腺的弧形微笑切口，进行耻骨后前列腺癌根治术14例，观察手术时间、输血量，并进行长期随访。结果：该切口暴露良好，易于手术操作。患者随访1～40个月．无切口相关并发症。结论：下腹部弧形微笑切口进行耻骨后前列腺癌根治术，有利于暴露、减少出血，切口愈合好符合美学观点，值得临床推广应用。     

耻骨后前列腺摘除术

对1984年前146例前列腺增生症施行耻骨后前列腺摘除术进行总结,介绍其手术步骤,认为此术式可在直视下进行腺窝内止血,辅以前列腺动脉结扎,包囊可做横切口、直切口及与膀胱颈联合切口,有较大的灵活性;止血准确,术后出血少。对于因条件所限未能开展TURP手术的医院,仍不失为较好的手术方法。     

耻骨上单一小切口手术治疗小儿双侧腹股沟斜疝

目的总结耻骨上单一小横切口手术治疗小儿双侧腹股沟斜疝的疗效。方法对35例双侧腹股沟斜疝(双侧鞘膜积液)的患儿采用耻骨上单一小横切口行疝囊高位结扎术,观察手术时间、切口愈合情况、复发率、近期及远期并发症。结果手术时间平均24.5(15~45)min,切口均为甲级愈合。6例术后阴囊出现不同程度的血肿,经对症处理治愈。35例均获随访,时间3月~3年,无一例复发。结论耻骨上单一小横切口治疗小儿双侧腹股沟斜疝,可简化手术步骤,创伤小,并发症少,外观疤痕小、美观,符合美容、微创理念。     

两种术式治疗耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术后膀胱颈挛缩的疗效比较

目的比较治疗耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术后膀胱颈挛缩的两种手术方法的效果。方法采用病例对照研究,开放手术组26例,行开放膀胱颈后唇楔形切除术或后楔形切除加Y-V成形术,经尿道电切组18例,行经尿道膀胱颈电切术。结果开放手术组平均手术时间为(119.8±20.5)m in,术中出血量平均(91.2±30.8)m l,治愈率为80.8%,并发症发生率为26.9%,术后IPSS评分为(11.5±5.2)分;经尿道膀胱电切组平均手术时间为(20.1±3.7)m in,术中出血量平均(5.5±4.0)m l,有效率100%,并发症发生率5.6%,术后IPSS评分为(7.5±1.5)分,明显优于开放手术组(P<0.05)。结论经尿道膀胱颈电切术治疗耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术后膀胱颈挛缩,其梗阻解除彻底,创伤小,出血少,并发症少,恢复快,是一种较好的治疗方法。     

Modified Pfannenstiel approach for radical retropubic prostatectomy

Radical retropubic prostatectomy is traditionally performed using a vertical midline incision and occasionally using a transverse Pfannenstiel incision. We describe a technique for performing radical retropubic prostatectomy using a modified Pfannenstiel approach. This involves a Y incision of the rectus sheath, instead of a pure transverse incision, and provides both excellent exposure and better cosmetic results.     

Radical retropubic prostatectomy through a minimal incision with portless endoscopy: Our initial experience

Twenty-one patients with clinically localized prostate cancer underwent minilaparotomy radical retropubic prostatectomy through a single 5-cm midline or Pfannenstiel incision. A 30 degrees laparoscope was usually positioned around the edge of the incision to facilitate the procedure. The mean operating time was 255 min. The mean blood loss was 859 mL, and no patient required an allogenic blood transfusion. Postoperative pain was noticeably reduced, especially in the Pfannenstiel incision group. Endoscope-assisted minilaparotomy did not involve a learning curve, and could be useful for most urologic surgeons as minimally invasive surgery.     

改良胸骨前入路在腔镜甲状腺手术中的应用体会

目的:探讨腔镜甲状腺切除术中改良手术入路的操作方法。方法:将28例甲状腺手术患者随机分为两组,分别采用改良胸骨前入路与传统胸乳入路。结果:改良组中1例快速病理提示乳头状癌,中转开放手术;传统组中1例于穿刺过程中出血120 ml,中转开放手术;余者均顺利完成腔镜手术。改良入路在入路游离时间、出血量、术后疼痛及并发症方面均具有明显优势。术区皮瓣术后无明显手术痕迹,除1例术后胸前出现瘀斑,余均较满意。结论:改良胸骨前入路优于胸乳入路,术中可减少游离出血及游离中的副损伤,缩短手术时间,减少手术并发症,且不影响美容效果;手术安全有效,值得推广应用。     

Concurrent radical retropubic prostatectomy and inguinal hernia repair through a modified Pfannenstiel incision

OBJECTIVE: To describe a technique for concurrent radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) and inguinal hernioplasty, using a modified Pfannenstiel incision. PATIENTS AND METHODS: RRP is usually done through a midline lower abdominal incision but some patients with localized prostate cancer have an inguinal hernia. Concurrent inguinal hernia repair at the time of RRP with the usual method is only possible by either a preperitoneal mesh repair or formal hernioplasty, requiring an additional incision(s). A 10-12 cm Pfannenstiel incision is made along the pubic hairline centred over the pubic symphysis, and a 'Y'-shaped incision in the rectus sheath. The rectus muscle is split vertically along the midline, followed by RRP. After removing the prostate and completing the anastomosis, the surgeon identifies the inguinal canal along the inferior and lateral aspect of the transverse incision and uses a formal tension-free hernioplasty with a 3 x 5 cm polypropylene mesh. We used this technique in fifteen concurrent inguinal hernioplasties (two bilateral hernias and thirteen unilateral) at the time of RRP, with no additional incisions, using the formal tension-free Lichtenstein technique. One patient with bilateral hernias had a right indirect inguinal hernia, and all the remaining men had a direct inguinal hernia. RESULTS: All patients were discharged 2 days after surgery, with no complications associated with the procedure and no recurrences; however, the follow-up was short (mean 5.5 months). CONCLUSION: A modified Pfannenstiel incision is ideal for concurrent RRP and inguinal hernioplasty, providing excellent exposure of the pelvic structures and allowing the surgeon to use a formal tension-free mesh hernioplasty through the same incision. Wound healing and cosmetic results are excellent.     

经皮微创加压钢板治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床研究

目的探讨经皮微创加压钢板（PCCP）用于治疗股骨转子间骨折的方法和疗效。方法2011年5月至2011年12月,应用经皮加压钢板行内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折26例,对手术时间、受辐射的时间、失血量、手术切口、骨性愈合时间、术后并发症、髋关节功能等指标进行评估。结果手术时间48—120min,平均68min;术中C臂X线机透视平均使用时问为105s（90～140S）;术中失血40～80ml,平均60ml;骨折骨性愈合时间11～13个月,平均12．2个月;术后1例因心肌梗塞死亡,其余25例恢复良好,无手术相关并发症;髋关节功能根据积水潭医院的疗效标准优良率达92％。结论应用PCCP钢板经皮微创内固定手术治疗股骨转子间骨折具有操作方便、创伤小、手术时间短、术中出血少、术中X线曝光时间短、愈合快及并发症少等优点,是治疗股骨转子间骨折的一种可靠方法。     

Laparoscopic prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia--a six-year experience

PURPOSE: The Authors present their results using laparoscopic prostatectomy in the treatment of large benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between March 1999 and March 2005, 60 patients were submitted to laparoscopic prostatectomy with vascular control for large BPH. The demographic, operative period and outcome data were recorded. RESULTS: The average prostate weight was 144.50+/-41.74 gm. Mean operative time was 138.48+/-23.38 minutes and estimated blood loss of 330.98+/-149.52 ml. No patient required transfusions or conversion to open surgery. Post operative complications included one case of septicemia and three cases of prolonged ileum. The most frequent long-term complication was retrograde ejaculation, presented in all patients after 6 months of follow-up. The erectile function was preserved in all those patients who were potent before surgery. No urinary incontinence was reported by patients. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that resection of large prostatic adenomas can be performed with a laparoscopic approach. The patients had a shorter hospital stay and early return to normal activity.     

Hip disarticulation using the lateral approach: a new technique.

A new approach to hip disarticulation is described. This technique uses a laterally based racquet incision. The advantage of this incision is that it uses a lateral approach to the hip, which is familiar to orthopaedic surgeons. This approach is combined with a circumferential incision to facilitate exposure of neurovascular structures. By basing the incision on the lateral approach to the hip, dissection of large blood vessels is minimized, which helps to decrease operative blood loss. Viability of the soft tissue flaps is excellent, with only two minor wound complications occurring. Phantom limb pain was minimal, and no patient required pain medication beyond the 3-month postoperative routine. The three patients who chose to use prostheses had no difficulty from the incisions. The clinical significance of this study is to enable orthopaedic surgeons to do hip disarticulation using the familiar anatomy of the lateral approach to the hip.     

经尿道前列腺选择性绿激光手术与经尿道前列腺电切术的疗效比较

目的评价经尿道前列腺选择性绿激光手术（greenlight photoselective vaporization of prostate,PVP）与经尿道前列腺电切术（transurethral prostatectomy,TURP）的临床疗效。方法将178例良性前列腺增生（benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH）患者随机分为两组,95例行PVP术（PVP组）,83例行TURP术（TURP组）,比较两种术式的平均手术时间、术中出血量、输血量、近期疗效及并发症等情况。结果 PVP组和TURP组平均手术时间分别为（47.4±5.1）min和（61.7±6.2）min,前者显著低于后者,PVP组术中出血量、输血量、术后膀胱冲洗时间、留置尿管时间及住院时间均显著少于TURP组,PVP组近期并发症发生率明显小于TURP组,两组术后前列腺国际症状评分（IPSS）、生活质量评分（QOL）、最大尿流率、剩余尿量较术前均有显著改善。结论 PVP是一种安全有效的治疗BPH的理想微创术式,具有手术时间短、创伤小、出血少、恢复快、并发症发生率低等特点。