应用生物电阻抗分析法检测营养不良病人的人体组成

目的 :应用生物电阻抗分析法 ,检测营养不良病人人体组成的改变。　方法 :中等程度以上营养不良住院病人 6 8例 ,其中男 4 0例 ,女 2 8例 ,年龄为 5 3± 16 (37～ 6 8)岁作为研究对象。 78名健康志愿者 (男 4 4 ,女 34)为对照者 ,年龄为 5 2± 11(38～ 6 2 )岁。人体组成测定应用HYDRAECF/ICF 4 2 0 0多频率生物电阻抗分析仪。　结果 :营养不良病人实际平均体重是理想体重的 6 8.8% ,其体质指数、肱三头肌皮皱厚度、臂肌围、白蛋白、转铁蛋白、前白蛋白及淋巴细胞总数均明显低于正常值 ,属中、重度营养不良范围。营养不良病人的体脂、瘦组织群、体细胞群及细胞内液含量均明显低于健康志愿者 (P <0 .0 5 )。细胞外液含量比例高于健康志愿者 (5 8.5 %vs 4 8.5 % ) (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论 :营养不良时人体体脂、瘦组织群和体细胞群存在不同程度的消耗 ,机体细胞内液丢失 ,而细胞外液增加。     

生物电阻抗测定用于老年人体成分分析

目的了解老年人体成分含量和其构成比特点。方法采用人体成分分析仪对随机入选本院门诊因老年退行性骨关节病理疗和/或康复训练的30例老年人进行人体成分测定分析(老年组);同时测定20名本院男性中青年健康职工人体成分,作为对照(中青年组)。结果老年组和中青年组人体成分:体脂百分比老年组(28.8±5.7)%明显高于中青年组(19.8±5.7)%,差异有显著性(P<0.001);肌肉和矿物质含量老年组明显低于中青年组,差异有显著性(P<0.001);水肿指数老年组有22例高于正常值,中青年组只有1人高于正常值。上肢,下肢和躯干各阶段非脂肪物质含量和其占体重百分比老年组均明显低于中青年组,差异有显著性(P均<0.001)。体内水含量占体重百分比:细胞外液含量老年组(17.5±1.4)%,青年组(18.2±1.2)%,差异无显著性(P>0.05);而细胞内液老年组(31.9±2.8)%明显低于中青年组(37.5±2.9)%,差异有显著性(P<0.001)。结论老年人体内肌肉含量明显减少,脂肪含量明显增多,脂肪分布不均,过多地沉积于腹部。水平衡发生变化,体液量减少主要为细胞内液减少,细胞外液相对增多。     

生物电阻抗分析在临床监测中的应用进展与前景

生物电阻抗分析（BIA）作为一种人体成分测量的有效手段,由于能获得细胞内液、细胞外液等有效参数,对营养学和体液平衡控制有重要的临床指导意义,本文叙述了其在临床监测中的应用与进展。     

运动对人体生物电阻抗特性的影响

目的：研究训练过程中人体生物电阻抗信号的变化,进而通过应用生物电阻抗技术来评估和监测训练。方法：在训练过程中不断检测受试者的生物电阻抗数据,总结训练过程中生物电阻抗信号的变化规律。结果：运动可以明显地改变人体生物电阻抗频谱的某些参数。结论：运动过程中人体生物电阻抗频谱参数的改变可以用来预测人体成分的改变和水分的丢失,进而对训练过程做出评估或者监测。     

生物电阻抗技术临床应用现状及探讨

生物电阻抗技术是利用细胞外液、细胞内液的电学性质测量人体成分及其变化。因其有无创、操作简便、测量数据精确等优点,在流行病学研究和临床疾病动态检测中广泛应用。我们通过综述生物电阻抗技术在临床应用开展情况的优点和缺陷,试图探讨其可能的应用潜力。     

生物电阻抗测量技术

以人体组织的阻抗特性为基础,阐明了简化模型,血液电阻率,细胞膜容抗以及呼吸干扰等对血流图测量准确性和重复性的影响;比较了采用全身测量、分段测量和多频率方法行人体成分分析(BIA)测量时的优缺点;提出采用阻抗测量建立有效的胃动力学评价方法;展现了代表生物阻抗测量技术发展方向的电阻抗断层成像技术(EIT)的诱人应用前景.     

生物电阻抗技术在运动人体科学中的应用

生物电阻抗技术，是利用生物组织与器官的电特性及其变化提取人体生物医学信息的一种无损伤检测技术。该技术在人体成分的测量、血液及血流动力学研究领域中的应用，可作为运动人体科学研究的借鉴{电阻抗断层图像技术（EIT）为无创、实时、动态地监测运动人体器官与组织的结构和功能提供了可行性。     

急性白血病患儿治疗期人体组成成分的变化

目的 探讨不同治疗阶段的急性白血病患儿人体组成成分变化的特点,为其营养支持提供依据.方法 前瞻性观察2009年1月至2010年4月在上海儿童医学中心住院接受化疗的急性白血病患儿56例,同时选择同年龄同性别健康儿童56名作为正常对照组.使用节段多频生物电阻抗分析法对正常对照组儿童及在各个治疗期的第1个疗程结束时的白血病患儿进行人体组成成分测定.人体各组成成分的分布情况使用各成分占体重的百分比表示.结果 56例急性白血病患儿中,急性淋巴细胞性白血病41例,急性非淋巴细胞性白血病15例;处于诱导缓解期23例,巩固强化期15例,维持治疗期18例.56例白血病患儿与正常对照组儿童人体组成成分比较后发现,白血病患儿细胞内液(P=0.000)、细胞外液(P=0.005)、蛋白质(P=0.000)、无机盐(P=0.001)、骨骼肌(P=0.000)、体细胞群(P=0.000)和活动细胞群(P=0.000)占体重的百分比均明显低于正常对照组儿童,而体脂肪含量高于对照组[(26.2±8.3)%比(20.3 ±3.8)%,P=0.000].诱导缓解期患儿的人体组成与正常对照组儿童相比,表现为体重下降(P=0.001),细胞内液(P=0.005)、蛋白质(P=0.004)、体细胞群(P=0.001)和活动细胞群(P=0.020)明显减少.进入巩固强化期的患儿,细胞内液(P=0.000)、细胞外液(P=0.000)、蛋白质(P=0.000)、无机盐(P=0.001)、体脂肪(P=0.000)、去脂体重(P=0.000)、骨骼肌(P=0.000)、体细胞群(P=0.000)和活动细胞群(P=0.000)占体重的百分比均明显低于正常对照组儿童.而维持治疗期的患儿与正常对照组儿童相比,除体重指数(P=0.127)和细胞外液占体重的百分比(P=0.097)差异无统计学意义外,其余各项指标差异仍具有统计学意义(P均<0.05).结论 急性白血病患儿经化疗后人体组成成分发生明显改变.应尽早监测白血病患儿营养状况变化,及时予以营养支持,以改善患儿预后.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the changes of body composition in the children with acute leukemia during different treatment stages.Methods From January 2009 to April 2010,56 children with acute leukemia hospitalized in Shanghai Children's Medical Center for chemotherapy were enrolled.Meanwhile,56 healthy children with matched age and sex were enrolled as the control group.The body compositions of children in the control group and the children with acute leukemia at the end of the first course of each treatment stages ware detected by segmental multiple-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis.The distribution of body compositions was recorded asthe percentage of each body composition to the body weighL Results Among 56 children with acute leukemia,41were with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 15 with acute nonlymphoblasdc leukemia.Twenty-three cases were in remission-induction chemotherapy stage,15 in consolidation chemotherapy stage,and 18 in maintenance chemotherapy stage.Compared with children in the control group,children with acute leukemia showed a reduction in the percentage of intracellular fluid (P = 0.000), extracellular fluid (P - 0.005), protein (P = 0.000), mineral (P = 0.001), skeletal muscle mass (P = 0.000), body cell mass (P = 0.000), and active cell mass (P = 0.000), while an increase in body fat mass [(26.2 ± 8.3)% vs.(20.3±3.8)%, P=0.000].The body weight (P = 0.001), the percentage of intracellular fluid (P = 0.005), protein (P = 0.004), body cell mass (P = 0.001), and active cell mass ( P = 0.020 ) in the children during remission-induction chemotherapy stage were significantly lower than those of the healthy children.However, the parameters of the consolidation chemotherapy stage were significantly lower than those of the control group, including the percentage of intracellular fluid (P = 0.000), extracellular fluid (P =0.000), protein (P = 0.000), mineral (P =0.001), body fat mass (P =0.000), non-fat mass (P = 0.000), skeletal muscle mass (P = 0.000), body cell mass (P = 0.000), and active cell mass (P = 0.000).Most body compositions in the maintenance chemotherapy stage were lower than those of the healthy children ( P < 0.05) except for body mass index (P = 0.127) and the percentage of extracellular fluid (P = 0.097).Conclusions Body compositions remarkably change in children with acute leukemia after chemotherapy.Therefore, the nutritional status of children with acute leukemia should be closely monitored, and proper nutritional support should be provided when necessary to improve the prognosis.     

应用生物电阻抗法分析人体组成

目的：通过应用生物电阻抗法测定人体组成,探讨其对营养评价的临床意义。方法：利用生物电阻抗法测定７６例健康志愿者的人体组成。结果：男性体脂占体重的（１４．８１±４．８９）％,女性体脂则占体重的（２２．３３±５．５８）％,女性体脂含量明显大于男性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。随年龄增长,可出现体脂增加而瘦组织群减少的趋势。应用生物电阻抗法测定体脂含量,其肥胖检出率明显低于按理想体重法和体质指数（ＢＭＩ）法的检出率。结论：生物电阻抗法测定人体组成简便、准确,有助于临床客观地评价机体营养状况。     

人体成分分析及其应用

传统上使用体重指数(BMI)判断体型和营养状况具有其局限性.利用生物电阻抗法(BIA)人体成分分析技术可获得脂肪率、去脂体重指数等数据.我们认为,合适的脂肪率是男性12％ ～22％、女性20％ ～ 30％,中等的去脂体重指数是男性17.0～21.0、女性14.5 ～18.0.人体成分分析较BMI能更好地用于体型判断、营养评估、某些疾病的预后判断和调整用药剂量等.     

Body composition in underweight elderly subjects: reliability of bioelectrical impedance analysis

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In underweight elderly subjects it is important to estimate body composition and particularly fat-free mass (FFM). Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive method in determining FFM, but its usefulness in these frail subjects should be verified. The aim of this study is to verify in underweight elderly people the reliability of previously published BIA formulas in detecting FFM. METHODS: Fifty-seven hospitalized elderly subjects (27 males and 30 females) with body mass index <20 kg/m(2) were selected. In all subjects, FFM was detected by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Moreover, BIA measurements were performed at standard frequency (50 kHz and 800 microA) and FFM was derived using the main previous published BIA equations. Results: In men, Kyle and Rising equations gave acceptable estimates of FFM with a mean error, respectively, of 1+/-1.9 and 1.4+/-1.7 kg. Also RJL formula could be used after adjusting for a correction factor. In women, no equation seemed sufficiently reliable to estimate FFM. CONCLUSIONS: BIA method seems useful to evaluate body composition in underweight elderly men but it seems to have intrinsic limits in women. Nevertheless, the variability in behavior of the different equations suggests to be careful in adopting BIA equations.