彩色多普勒超声心动图对心脏肿瘤的诊断价值

目的：探讨心脏肿瘤的临床及超声心动图特点，评价超声心动图技术对心脏肿瘤的诊断价值．方法：分析经手术或病理证实的16例心脏肿瘤患者的彩色多普勒超声心动图表现。结果：原发性良性肿瘤共13例，占81％，其中粘液瘤12例，占75％(位于左房10例，位于右房2例)，横纹肌瘤1例，占6％，3例为恶性肿瘤，占19％，其中原发性恶性肿瘤有2例，1例为横纹肌肉瘤，1例为血管肉瘤，转移性心脏恶性肿瘤1例为转移性肝细胞癌．术前超声诊断粘液瘤可能性大11例，占69％，诊断心脏占位病变性质待定5例，占31％。结论：心脏肿瘤多为良性，以粘液瘤多见，且大多数位于左心房，各种心脏肿瘤具有典型的超声心动图特征，彩色多普勒超声心动图技术对心脏肿瘤尤其是心腔内肿瘤具有重要诊断价值。     

超声心动图对原发性心脏肿瘤的诊断价值

目的:探讨原发性心脏肿瘤的超声心动图特征。方法:对33例经手术病理证实的原发性心脏肿瘤患者的超声心动图结果进行回顾性分析。结果:超声心动图对30例心腔内黏液瘤全部做出正确诊断,1例横纹肌瘤和2例恶性肿瘤提出相应部位的占位病变诊断。原发性心脏良性肿瘤以黏液瘤多见,恶性肿瘤以肉瘤多见,易侵及邻近组织及心包。结论:超声心动图对原发性心脏肿瘤的诊断具有重要意义,可初步区分良恶性肿瘤     

心脏粘液瘤的临床和超声心动图诊断

分析1983年～1991年用M型及二维超声心动图诊断的13例心脏粘液瘤,其中左房粘液瘤12例,左房及左室粘液瘤1例,10例经手术及病理证实。详细描述了心脏粘液瘤的超声心动图特征以及与心腔内其它占位性病变如血栓、感染性心内膜炎赘生物形成、其它心脏肿瘤和心外恶性肿瘤心腔内转移的鉴别要点。认为超声心动图诊断本病优于其它影象检查,可作为本病的首选诊断方法。     

超声心动图对心脏肿瘤及血栓的鉴别诊断价值

目的探讨超声心动图在心脏肿瘤与心脏血栓鉴别诊断中的价值。方法回顾性总结分析了经手术和病理证实6例心脏原发性良性肿瘤,其中5例左房粘液瘤,1例左室脂肪瘤,及治疗后随访证实的13例心脏血栓超声声像图特征。将两者进行比较。结果表明超声心动图对心脏占位性病变具有较高的诊断准确性,对大多数病例均可术前作出定位性诊断或鉴别诊断,可为制定临床治疗方案提供重要信息。     

心脏肿瘤的临床分析及超声诊断价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声心动图诊断心脏肿瘤的临床价值。方法在成人及小儿心脏检查时多切面仔细观察心室腔和心包腔内有无肿块及检测肿块所致的血流梗阻和病理变化。结果超声诊断心脏肿瘤20例，经手术扣病理证实16例，其中左房粘液瘤13例、右房粘液瘤1例、右室横纹肌瘤1例、右房淋巴瘸1例。声像图特征：在心房、心室腔内可见一个边界清晰、内部回声均匀的低回声，或中强回声肿块。结论彩色多普勒超声心动图是诊断心脏肿瘤的最可靠方法，对于肿瘤定位，评估继发性病理改变具有重要价值。     

彩色多普勒超声心动图诊断心脏原发性肿瘤(附131例手术对照)

目的探讨原发性心脏肿瘤的超声心动图特征。方法总结该科自1990-2005年心脏彩超诊断原发性心脏肿瘤207例，131例经手术证实。结果心脏粘液瘤与心内膜界限明显，都有蒂与心内膜相连，瘤体以蒂为定点随心脏舒张往返摆动，其化肿瘤与正常心肌无明显界限且无蒂。结论超声心动图技术为诊断心脏肿瘤的首选方法，可提供特征性的影像，且准确、安全、可靠。     

原发性心脏及心包肿瘤11例临床报告

目的探讨原发性心脏及心包肿瘤的诊断和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析近5年来我院收治的11例心脏及心包肿瘤患者的临床资料,均经ECG、胸部X线、超声心动图(UCG)、病理学检查确定诊断。原发性心脏良性肿瘤均给予手术切除治疗;原发性恶性心包间皮瘤给予化疗及常规药物治疗。结果7例原发性心脏良性肿瘤中,6例心房粘液瘤术后肿瘤扑落音消失,体位性晕厥消失,未再发生脑栓塞;左室壁海绵状淋巴管瘤1例术后至今存活已半年;4例原发性恶性心包间皮瘤,均伴心包填塞,存活1~3个月。结论UCG对原发性心脏及心包肿瘤的诊断价值较大,确诊仍需病理学检查。原发性心脏良性肿瘤早期诊断,早期手术,预后良好;原发性恶性心包间皮瘤预后差。     

心脏粘液瘤的超声心动图诊断及分析

心脏粘液瘤的超声心动图诊断及分析郑慧赵强王玲作者单位：安徽医科大学第一附属医院Ｂ超室，合肥２３００２２我科１９９４年～１９９６年经超声心动图诊断心脏粘液瘤９例，本文结合手术及病理分析超声心动图对心脏粘液瘤的诊断价值。１资料与方法９例均为我院胸外科住院...     

原发性心脏肿瘤的临床及超声心动图表现:附9例分析

报告1980～1988期间本院诊治的9例原发性心脏肿瘤(左房粘液瘤8例,恶性间皮肉瘤一例,占同期超声心动图受检者10,256人的0.87‰)。分析探讨了原发性心脏肿瘤的临床及超声心动图表现。由于该肿瘤的部位、性质、大小、蒂的有无、蒂的长短不同,其临床表现差异甚大.易于误诊;超声心动图则每有特征性的影象,可提供重要的诊断线索。作者等强调,应提高对心脏肿瘤的警惕性,充分利用超声心动图这一简便有效手段,提高检出率,求得及时诊断和有效治疗以防猝死。     

经胸超声心动图在诊断心脏黏液瘤的应用

目的探讨超声心动图在诊断心脏黏液瘤的临床价值。方法回顾性分析我院2011年1月-2018年4月72例经病理证实为心脏黏液瘤患者的超声图像,总结其声像图特征。结果术前超声根据瘤体的位置、大小、形态、实质回声、瘤蒂及附着部位、活动度、对心脏腔室大小的影响、对瓣膜及血流动力学改变。诊断心脏黏液瘤62例,难以确定肿瘤性质10例,与病理结果对照,诊断率符合率86.1%。结论超声心动图对心脏黏液瘤有较高的临床诊断价值。     

Tumors of the heart. An analysis of 79 cases.

There were 79 cases of cardiac tumors seen from 1957 to July 1988. 49 (62.0%) of them were benign and 30 (38.0%) malignant. All the 49 benign tumors except 2 were surgically excised and found to be myxoma. Of them, 18 patients were male and 31 female. 85.7% of the tumors were located in the left atrium, 12.2% in the right atrium and 2.0% in the left ventricle. Palpitation, dyspnea, chest oppression, fever, episodes of syncope and hemiplegia, cough, diastolic and systolic murmurs at the apical or tricuspid area were the common symptoms and signs. Atrial fibrillation was found only in 2 cases. Echocardiographic findings were diagnostic while ECG and X-ray findings were nonspecific. Four patients died after operation. Of the 30 cases of malignant tumors, 15 were secondary tumors metastasized mainly from the lung or mediastinal malignancies. Of 11 primary tumor cases (7 males and 4 females), 3 were malignant lymphoma, 2 mesothelioma of pericardium, 2 malignant myxoma, 1 angiosarcoma, 1 leiomyosarcoma, 1 fibrosarcoma and 1 rhabdomyosarcoma. Another 4 cases were not studied histopathologically. The clinical manifestations, ECG and X-ray findings of the 11 primary tumors were nonspecific but echocardiography was helpful to the diagnosis. Six patients were operated on and 1 died during hospitalization.

     

外科治疗心脏肿瘤40例临床分析

目的：总结40例心脏肿瘤的临床特征和外科治疗经验。方法回顾性分析我院2010年4月至2014年4月间经超声心动图确诊、外科手术治疗的40例心脏肿瘤患者的临床资料,着重分析肿瘤的性质、分布、临床表现和治疗方法及转归。结果本组良性粘液瘤39例（97．5％）,恶性肿瘤1例（2．5％）;男性12例（30．0％）,女性28例（70．0％）;肿瘤位于左心房38例（95．0％）,右心房2例（5．0％）。正中开胸手术切除肿瘤37例,电视胸腔镜下切除肿瘤2例,恶性肿瘤未能切除1例,手术切除率97．5％。围手术期死亡患者1例（2．5％）,死于肺栓塞;1例原发性恶性肿瘤患者术后6个月死亡;其余患者临床症状消失,心功能恢复至Ⅰ级,随访2个月～4年,均无复发。结论本组心脏肿瘤中多为左心房良性黏液瘤,女性多见;外科手术彻底摘除瘤体是治疗心脏肿瘤的主要手段,电视胸腔镜手术可作为治疗左房粘液瘤安全有效的微创术式。     

原发性心脏肿瘤34例的临床病理分析

目的 分析原发性心脏肿瘤的组织病理学特点和治疗结果。方法 回顾性分析清华大学第一附属医院12年间经手术切除的34例原发性心脏肿瘤患者的临床和病理资料。结果 34例原发性心脏肿瘤的患者平均年龄37岁（4个月~83岁）。男女比例1∶1。良、恶性肿瘤比例29∶5。良性者有黏液瘤（20例）、横纹肌瘤（5例）、心脏纤维瘤（3例）、乳头状弹力纤维瘤（1例）;恶性者有横纹肌肉瘤（1例）、纤维肉瘤（3例）、血管肉瘤（1例）。所有患者均接受了手术切除。随访半年,31例生存,3例死亡（均为恶性肿瘤）。结论 原发性心脏肿瘤罕见,好发于青壮年。类型较多,形态结构复杂,以良性黏液瘤多见。有效的治疗方式是心脏外科手术切除肿瘤。预后取决于肿瘤的病理类型、生长特点和发病部位。     

心脏肿瘤患者的流行病学特点分析

目的调查分析心脏肿瘤住院患者的流行病学特点,提高对心脏肿瘤的认识和防治水平。方法回顾分析35例心脏肿瘤患者的资料,包括一般情况、临床表现、病理类型、诊治方法、预后及转归等,进行描述性统计分析。结果良性心脏肿瘤患者占65.71%,其中黏液瘤占62.86%;各年龄段发病构成比显示61～80岁年龄段比例较高,不同性别组间无显著统计学差异;良性黏液瘤多起源于房间隔左侧(18例),其次为右侧(4例),而恶性心脏肿瘤常生长于右心系统,继发性肿瘤多为恶性;接受手术治疗的10例原发性心脏黏液瘤患者存活率较高。结论心脏肿瘤良性居多,好发于中老年人群,肿瘤多见于心房,尤以左心房为主。外科治疗心脏肿瘤的预后取决于肿瘤的病理类型及侵及范围。     

Risk factors for postoperative recurrence of cardiac myxoma and the clinical managements: a report of 5 cases in one center and review of literature

Background  Recurrence or metastasis of myxomas is not rare and can lead to malignancy. We aimed to analyze the risk factors for postoperative cardiac myxoma recurrence and to summarize its clinical characteristics, treatments and classification.

Methods  The clinical data of 5 patients with recurrent cardiac myxoma were retrospectively analyzed and our clinical experience was summarized. Moreover, the relevant literatures were reviewed.

Results  All the five cases of primary myxomas were derived from atypical positions. One patient had early distant metastasis, one had family history, and two suffered malignant recurrence. The recurrence interval was (2.30±2.16) years and the recurrent tumors were all found in different chambers from those of the corresponding primary tumors. Re-operation was performed after recurrence. One patient died of heart failure after malignant recurrence, and the other 4 cases had satisfactory therapeutic outcomes after re-operations. Our experience advocated a clinical classification of “typical” and “atypical” cardiac myxoma, the typical myxomas referred to the tumors locating at the left atria, with single pedicle, rooted at or around the fossa ovalis, involving no genetic causes, and the atypical myxomas included the familial tumors, tumors stemming from multiple chambers, rooted in abnormal positions of the left atrium, with evident genetic mutation, or with malignant tendency.

Conclusions  Postoperative follow-up is of vital importance for patients with myxomas characterized by multi-chamber distribution, early distant metastasis, atypical origin, and family history. Once recurs, re-operation is necessary and should be performed immediately.

     

左心室肿瘤的诊断与手术治疗(附5例报告)

目的 探讨左心室肿瘤的临床特点、诊断和治疗方法.方法和结果 回顾性分析1999年1月至2012年5月在第二军医大学长海医院手术治疗的左心室肿瘤患者的临床资料.共收治5例患者,占同期手术治疗的心脏肿瘤患者的3.55％(5/141).术前均经超声心动图明确诊断.3例采用胸部正中切口,2例采用左胸前外侧切口.3例完整切除,1例部分切除,1例仅取活检.病理结果显示黏液瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、海绵状淋巴管瘤、乳头状弹力纤维瘤、肌间血管瘤各1例.无手术死亡,术后恢复良好.随访4～80个月(平均30个月),无死亡.黏液瘤患者完整切除后38个月后复发,再次手术切除后未见复发;横纹肌肉瘤患者仍存活,无明显不适;余患者复查无复发和转移.结论 左心室肿瘤多为良性,心脏超声是最重要的诊断工具,恶性肿瘤预后差,良性肿瘤手术效果良好.     

Diagnosis of intravenous leiomyomatosis extending to heart with emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging

Background  Intravenous leiomyomatosis is a rare neoplasm, and its cardiac extension is often overlooked or misdiagnosed. The purpose of this study was to explore the imaging features of intravenous leiomyomatosis with cardiac extension, especially the value of magnetic resonance imaging in differential diagnosis.

Methods  Between July 2005 and August 2008, 4 cases of intravenous leiomyomatosis with cardiac extension were resected in Cangzhou Central Hospital. Three cases had echocardiography performed, two had post contrast scans of CT performed, and two had MRI performed. Between July 2005 and May 2010, 25 cases of histopathologically proven other kinds of tumors involving the inferior vena cava and right atrium were compared for discussion of differential diagnosis.

Results  Intravenous leiomyomatosis with cardiac extension demonstrated a hyperechoic elongated mobile mass extending from the inferior vena cava to the right atrium with or without evidence of protruding into the right ventricle on echocardiography. The lesion was enhanced heterogeneously on post contrast scans of CT and was of relatively lower density compared to the enhanced blood in the inferior vena cava and right atrium, with common iliac vein and the ipsilateral internal iliac and ovarian veins involved in some cases. The untreated uterus myoma demonstrated enlargement of the uterus with heterogeneous contrast enhancement. On MRI, the lesion looked like a luffa vegetable sponge on FIESTA coronal images and a sieve pore on T2-weighted axial images. All four tumors were removed successfully, and follow up of one to four years revealed no recurrence. The 25 cases of histopathologically proven other kinds of tumors involving inferior vena cava and right atrium had their own imaging features different from those seen on intravenous leiomyomatosis with cardiac extension. With reference to their medical history, differential diagnosis can often be made.

Conclusion  The imaging appearance of intravenous leiomyomatosis has some unique features, and the luffa vegetable sponge and sieve pore like appearance on MRI may be helpful for differential diagnosis.

     

超声心动图诊断肝癌右心腔转移两例报告

肝癌合并右心房及/或右心室转移是一种少见的疾病,生前诊断困难,超声心动图诊断此病的报道甚少,文献中仅见三例右心房转移经超声心动图诊断。本文报告两例二维超声心动图诊断肝癌右心腔转移。其中一例为右房转移,肿瘤可移动,舒张期经三尖瓣口脱入右心室,与右心房粘液瘤超声表现相似;另一例肿瘤无活动性,充满下腔静脉及右心房,并转移至右心室。认为在肝癌病人,有心脏症状、杂音及/或下腔静脉综合征时,应及时作超声心动图检查。     

心腔内肿瘤及血栓的诊断和治疗（附20例报告）

１９８２年８月至１９９２年１２月经超声心动图诊断心腔内粘液瘤２０例，其中１例右房粘液瘤入院第３天猝死。１９例经手术切除，术后死亡１例，死亡率５．２％。病理检查：左房粘液瘤１３例，左室粘液瘤１例，右房粘液瘤２例，右房横纹肌瘤１例，右房恶性上皮瘤１例，右房血栓１例。超声诊断与病理诊断符合率为８４．２％。文中对心腔内粘液瘤、恶性肿瘤、血栓的诊断与治疗进行了讨论。     

原发性心脏肿瘤的诊断和外科治疗

目的 探讨原发性心脏肿瘤的临床特征及诊疗方法。方法 回顾分析126例原发性心脏肿瘤的临床特点及诊治结果。结果 121例良性肿瘤均行手术治疗，其中6例在第一次术后1—7年复发，再次手术后治愈，均长期存活；另5例恶性肿瘤中1例围术期内死亡，其余在10个月内死于进行性心力衰竭、心脏压塞和心脏破裂。结论 原发性心脏肿瘤临床表现复杂多样，超声心动图、CT、MRI等检查是早期明确诊断的重要手段。良性肿瘤手术治疗效果良好；恶性肿瘤进展较快，应早期手术结合综合性治疗以改善预后。