两家工厂工人吸烟行为与烟瘾的调查

目的 调查工人的吸烟行为和烟瘾及戒烟意向,为开展控烟工作提供科学依据.方法 通过问卷调查,应用横断面调查方法对江苏省2家工厂的336名工人进行调查;烟瘾调查与评价采用国际问卷(Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence,FIND);吸烟、烟瘾与某些影响因素的相关性分析采用logistic回归分析.结果 男性260人,吸烟率为69.2%,目前吸烟率为64.6%(168人),戒烟者占总吸烟者的6.7%;女性均为从不吸烟.年龄较大、文化程度较低或一线生产工人的吸烟率较高,与朋友或吸烟者在一起、在家或休闲时吸烟较常见,63.0%的吸烟者觉得戒烟不难(自评戒烟难度30分以下),目前想过戒烟的占44.4%.吸烟者认为吸烟可引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别为92.9%和86.1%,认为吸二手烟能引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别占89.9%和83.3%.自我评价戒烟的难度与尼古丁依赖性明显相关,与自评＜30分比,自评30～60分和＞60分的吸烟者尼古丁依赖性的OR值(95%CI)分别为2.03(0.47～8.68)和9.90(3.09～31.75).结论 男性工人的吸烟率仍然很高,但轻度烟瘾的占大部分,且自评戒烟难度不大,现时是开展并推动工人戒烟的良好时机.     

两家工厂工人吸烟行为与烟瘾的调查

目的 调查工人的吸烟行为和烟瘾及戒烟意向,为开展控烟工作提供科学依据.方法 通过问卷调查,应用横断面调查方法对江苏省2家工厂的336名工人进行调查;烟瘾调查与评价采用国际问卷(Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence,FIND);吸烟、烟瘾与某些影响因素的相关性分析采用logistic回归分析.结果 男性260人,吸烟率为69.2%,目前吸烟率为64.6%(168人),戒烟者占总吸烟者的6.7%;女性均为从不吸烟.年龄较大、文化程度较低或一线生产工人的吸烟率较高,与朋友或吸烟者在一起、在家或休闲时吸烟较常见,63.0%的吸烟者觉得戒烟不难(自评戒烟难度30分以下),目前想过戒烟的占44.4%.吸烟者认为吸烟可引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别为92.9%和86.1%,认为吸二手烟能引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别占89.9%和83.3%.自我评价戒烟的难度与尼古丁依赖性明显相关,与自评＜30分比,自评30～60分和＞60分的吸烟者尼古丁依赖性的OR值(95%CI)分别为2.03(0.47～8.68)和9.90(3.09～31.75).结论 男性工人的吸烟率仍然很高,但轻度烟瘾的占大部分,且自评戒烟难度不大,现时是开展并推动工人戒烟的良好时机.     

两家工厂工人吸烟行为与烟瘾的调查

目的 调查工人的吸烟行为和烟瘾及戒烟意向,为开展控烟工作提供科学依据.方法 通过问卷调查,应用横断面调查方法对江苏省2家工厂的336名工人进行调查;烟瘾调查与评价采用国际问卷(Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence,FIND);吸烟、烟瘾与某些影响因素的相关性分析采用logistic回归分析.结果 男性260人,吸烟率为69.2%,目前吸烟率为64.6%(168人),戒烟者占总吸烟者的6.7%;女性均为从不吸烟.年龄较大、文化程度较低或一线生产工人的吸烟率较高,与朋友或吸烟者在一起、在家或休闲时吸烟较常见,63.0%的吸烟者觉得戒烟不难(自评戒烟难度30分以下),目前想过戒烟的占44.4%.吸烟者认为吸烟可引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别为92.9%和86.1%,认为吸二手烟能引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别占89.9%和83.3%.自我评价戒烟的难度与尼古丁依赖性明显相关,与自评＜30分比,自评30～60分和＞60分的吸烟者尼古丁依赖性的OR值(95%CI)分别为2.03(0.47～8.68)和9.90(3.09～31.75).结论 男性工人的吸烟率仍然很高,但轻度烟瘾的占大部分,且自评戒烟难度不大,现时是开展并推动工人戒烟的良好时机.     

两家工厂工人吸烟行为与烟瘾的调查

目的 调查工人的吸烟行为和烟瘾及戒烟意向,为开展控烟工作提供科学依据.方法 通过问卷调查,应用横断面调查方法对江苏省2家工厂的336名工人进行调查;烟瘾调查与评价采用国际问卷(Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence,FIND);吸烟、烟瘾与某些影响因素的相关性分析采用logistic回归分析.结果 男性260人,吸烟率为69.2%,目前吸烟率为64.6%(168人),戒烟者占总吸烟者的6.7%;女性均为从不吸烟.年龄较大、文化程度较低或一线生产工人的吸烟率较高,与朋友或吸烟者在一起、在家或休闲时吸烟较常见,63.0%的吸烟者觉得戒烟不难(自评戒烟难度30分以下),目前想过戒烟的占44.4%.吸烟者认为吸烟可引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别为92.9%和86.1%,认为吸二手烟能引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别占89.9%和83.3%.自我评价戒烟的难度与尼古丁依赖性明显相关,与自评＜30分比,自评30～60分和＞60分的吸烟者尼古丁依赖性的OR值(95%CI)分别为2.03(0.47～8.68)和9.90(3.09～31.75).结论 男性工人的吸烟率仍然很高,但轻度烟瘾的占大部分,且自评戒烟难度不大,现时是开展并推动工人戒烟的良好时机.     

两家工厂工人吸烟行为与烟瘾的调查

目的 调查工人的吸烟行为和烟瘾及戒烟意向,为开展控烟工作提供科学依据.方法 通过问卷调查,应用横断面调查方法对江苏省2家工厂的336名工人进行调查;烟瘾调查与评价采用国际问卷(Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence,FIND);吸烟、烟瘾与某些影响因素的相关性分析采用logistic回归分析.结果 男性260人,吸烟率为69.2%,目前吸烟率为64.6%(168人),戒烟者占总吸烟者的6.7%;女性均为从不吸烟.年龄较大、文化程度较低或一线生产工人的吸烟率较高,与朋友或吸烟者在一起、在家或休闲时吸烟较常见,63.0%的吸烟者觉得戒烟不难(自评戒烟难度30分以下),目前想过戒烟的占44.4%.吸烟者认为吸烟可引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别为92.9%和86.1%,认为吸二手烟能引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别占89.9%和83.3%.自我评价戒烟的难度与尼古丁依赖性明显相关,与自评＜30分比,自评30～60分和＞60分的吸烟者尼古丁依赖性的OR值(95%CI)分别为2.03(0.47～8.68)和9.90(3.09～31.75).结论 男性工人的吸烟率仍然很高,但轻度烟瘾的占大部分,且自评戒烟难度不大,现时是开展并推动工人戒烟的良好时机.     

两家工厂工人吸烟行为与烟瘾的调查

目的 调查工人的吸烟行为和烟瘾及戒烟意向,为开展控烟工作提供科学依据.方法 通过问卷调查,应用横断面调查方法对江苏省2家工厂的336名工人进行调查;烟瘾调查与评价采用国际问卷(Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence,FIND);吸烟、烟瘾与某些影响因素的相关性分析采用logistic回归分析.结果 男性260人,吸烟率为69.2%,目前吸烟率为64.6%(168人),戒烟者占总吸烟者的6.7%;女性均为从不吸烟.年龄较大、文化程度较低或一线生产工人的吸烟率较高,与朋友或吸烟者在一起、在家或休闲时吸烟较常见,63.0%的吸烟者觉得戒烟不难(自评戒烟难度30分以下),目前想过戒烟的占44.4%.吸烟者认为吸烟可引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别为92.9%和86.1%,认为吸二手烟能引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别占89.9%和83.3%.自我评价戒烟的难度与尼古丁依赖性明显相关,与自评＜30分比,自评30～60分和＞60分的吸烟者尼古丁依赖性的OR值(95%CI)分别为2.03(0.47～8.68)和9.90(3.09～31.75).结论 男性工人的吸烟率仍然很高,但轻度烟瘾的占大部分,且自评戒烟难度不大,现时是开展并推动工人戒烟的良好时机.     

两家工厂工人吸烟行为与烟瘾的调查

目的 调查工人的吸烟行为和烟瘾及戒烟意向,为开展控烟工作提供科学依据.方法 通过问卷调查,应用横断面调查方法对江苏省2家工厂的336名工人进行调查;烟瘾调查与评价采用国际问卷(Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence,FIND);吸烟、烟瘾与某些影响因素的相关性分析采用logistic回归分析.结果 男性260人,吸烟率为69.2%,目前吸烟率为64.6%(168人),戒烟者占总吸烟者的6.7%;女性均为从不吸烟.年龄较大、文化程度较低或一线生产工人的吸烟率较高,与朋友或吸烟者在一起、在家或休闲时吸烟较常见,63.0%的吸烟者觉得戒烟不难(自评戒烟难度30分以下),目前想过戒烟的占44.4%.吸烟者认为吸烟可引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别为92.9%和86.1%,认为吸二手烟能引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别占89.9%和83.3%.自我评价戒烟的难度与尼古丁依赖性明显相关,与自评＜30分比,自评30～60分和＞60分的吸烟者尼古丁依赖性的OR值(95%CI)分别为2.03(0.47～8.68)和9.90(3.09～31.75).结论 男性工人的吸烟率仍然很高,但轻度烟瘾的占大部分,且自评戒烟难度不大,现时是开展并推动工人戒烟的良好时机.     

两家工厂工人吸烟行为与烟瘾的调查

目的 调查工人的吸烟行为和烟瘾及戒烟意向,为开展控烟工作提供科学依据.方法 通过问卷调查,应用横断面调查方法对江苏省2家工厂的336名工人进行调查;烟瘾调查与评价采用国际问卷(Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence,FIND);吸烟、烟瘾与某些影响因素的相关性分析采用logistic回归分析.结果 男性260人,吸烟率为69.2%,目前吸烟率为64.6%(168人),戒烟者占总吸烟者的6.7%;女性均为从不吸烟.年龄较大、文化程度较低或一线生产工人的吸烟率较高,与朋友或吸烟者在一起、在家或休闲时吸烟较常见,63.0%的吸烟者觉得戒烟不难(自评戒烟难度30分以下),目前想过戒烟的占44.4%.吸烟者认为吸烟可引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别为92.9%和86.1%,认为吸二手烟能引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别占89.9%和83.3%.自我评价戒烟的难度与尼古丁依赖性明显相关,与自评＜30分比,自评30～60分和＞60分的吸烟者尼古丁依赖性的OR值(95%CI)分别为2.03(0.47～8.68)和9.90(3.09～31.75).结论 男性工人的吸烟率仍然很高,但轻度烟瘾的占大部分,且自评戒烟难度不大,现时是开展并推动工人戒烟的良好时机.     

两家工厂工人吸烟行为与烟瘾的调查

目的 调查工人的吸烟行为和烟瘾及戒烟意向,为开展控烟工作提供科学依据.方法 通过问卷调查,应用横断面调查方法对江苏省2家工厂的336名工人进行调查;烟瘾调查与评价采用国际问卷(Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence,FIND);吸烟、烟瘾与某些影响因素的相关性分析采用logistic回归分析.结果 男性260人,吸烟率为69.2%,目前吸烟率为64.6%(168人),戒烟者占总吸烟者的6.7%;女性均为从不吸烟.年龄较大、文化程度较低或一线生产工人的吸烟率较高,与朋友或吸烟者在一起、在家或休闲时吸烟较常见,63.0%的吸烟者觉得戒烟不难(自评戒烟难度30分以下),目前想过戒烟的占44.4%.吸烟者认为吸烟可引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别为92.9%和86.1%,认为吸二手烟能引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别占89.9%和83.3%.自我评价戒烟的难度与尼古丁依赖性明显相关,与自评＜30分比,自评30～60分和＞60分的吸烟者尼古丁依赖性的OR值(95%CI)分别为2.03(0.47～8.68)和9.90(3.09～31.75).结论 男性工人的吸烟率仍然很高,但轻度烟瘾的占大部分,且自评戒烟难度不大,现时是开展并推动工人戒烟的良好时机.     

两家工厂工人吸烟行为与烟瘾的调查

目的 调查工人的吸烟行为和烟瘾及戒烟意向,为开展控烟工作提供科学依据.方法 通过问卷调查,应用横断面调查方法对江苏省2家工厂的336名工人进行调查;烟瘾调查与评价采用国际问卷(Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence,FIND);吸烟、烟瘾与某些影响因素的相关性分析采用logistic回归分析.结果 男性260人,吸烟率为69.2%,目前吸烟率为64.6%(168人),戒烟者占总吸烟者的6.7%;女性均为从不吸烟.年龄较大、文化程度较低或一线生产工人的吸烟率较高,与朋友或吸烟者在一起、在家或休闲时吸烟较常见,63.0%的吸烟者觉得戒烟不难(自评戒烟难度30分以下),目前想过戒烟的占44.4%.吸烟者认为吸烟可引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别为92.9%和86.1%,认为吸二手烟能引致肺癌和冠心病的比例分别占89.9%和83.3%.自我评价戒烟的难度与尼古丁依赖性明显相关,与自评＜30分比,自评30～60分和＞60分的吸烟者尼古丁依赖性的OR值(95%CI)分别为2.03(0.47～8.68)和9.90(3.09～31.75).结论 男性工人的吸烟率仍然很高,但轻度烟瘾的占大部分,且自评戒烟难度不大,现时是开展并推动工人戒烟的良好时机.     

Household smoking restrictions and adolescent smoking

PURPOSE: To examine the association between household smoking restrictions and adolescent smoking, controlling for parental smoking, peer smoking, and tobacco marketing. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of 1999 data from the Growing Up Today Study, a longitudinal cohort of adolescents. SETTING: Self-report questionnaire. SUBJECTS: 10,593 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. MEASURES: The dependent variable was established smoking (smoking > or = 100 cigarettes). Variables of interest were household smoking restrictions, parental smoking, peer smoking, and tobacco promotional item (TPI) possession. RESULTS: Four percent of participants reported that their households permitted smoking. Parental smoking, peer smoking, and TPI possession were significantly associated with established smoking In logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, peer smoking, and TPI possession, adolescent smoking was inversely related to the presence of a restrictive household policy (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48-0.93); however, when parental smoking was added to this model, the association was attenuated (OR = 0.94, CI = 0.65-1.35). When only one parent in the household smoked, smoking restrictions were more common when this parent was the father. CONCLUSIONS: Although household smoking restrictions offer health benefits, they do not appear to be associated with adolescent smoking after accounting for other factors. Prior studies did not include parental smoking, peer smoking, and marketing influences. This analytic difference may explain apparent contradictions in the literature.     

Household smoking bans and adolescents' perceived prevalence of smoking and social acceptability of smoking

OBJECTIVES: Household smoking bans might decrease the visibility of cigarette smoking and communicate nonsmoking social norms and parental attitudes to youths, which may serve as mediators to reduce smoking initiation. Whether they have these effects even if parents smoke or do not otherwise communicate strong disapproval of smoking to their children is not clear. We tested these hypotheses in multi-level analyses. METHODS: A telephone survey of a random sample of 3831 Massachusetts adolescents (12-17 years) assessed respondents' perceptions of smoking prevalence and attitudes about the social acceptability of smoking in their community. The association of these outcomes with the presence of a smoking ban in the youths' home was tested in multivariate analyses that adjusted for town-level clustering and individual and environmental characteristics. RESULTS: A household smoking ban was reported by 71% of all youths and 49% of youths who lived with smokers. In multivariate models, youths who had a household smoking ban were more likely to perceive a lower adult smoking prevalence (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.7-2.5; P < 0.001), greater adult disapproval of adult smoking (OR 2.0; 1.5-2.6; P < 0.001) and of teen smoking (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.2-1.9; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Among adolescents, a household smoking ban was associated with a lower perceived prevalence of adult smoking in their communities and more negative attitudes about the social acceptability of smoking, two factors that affect the likelihood of smoking initiation. Household smoking bans had these effects even in the presence of two parental factors known to encourage adolescent smoking initiation (parental smoking and lack of perceived parental disapproval of youth tobacco use). This provides an additional rationale for promoting household smoking bans to parents.     

Adolescent smoking

Most smokers start experimenting with cigarettes in early adolescence. This paper describes the factors which influence the development of the smoking habit. Methods of intervention, both in and out of the classroom, are discussed. Recommendations for further legislation and increased taxation on tobacco are supported.     

Excessive smoking

Ohne Zusammenfassung

---

«La fumée du tabac en dose exagérée»

     

Berlin's medical students' smoking habits, knowledge about smoking and attitudes toward smoking cessation counseling

Background  

Diseases associated with smoking are a foremost cause of premature death in the world, both in developed and developing countries. Eliminating smoking can do more to improve health and prolong life than any other measure in the field of preventive medicine. Today's medical students will play a prominent role in future efforts to prevent and control tobacco use.     

Meanings of smoking and adolescent smoking across ethnicities.

PURPOSE: To develop insight into population-specific meanings of smoking in our highly multicultural middle schools in order to provide effective and appropriate tools for smoking prevention efforts. METHODS: We used focus group interviews to develop the Meanings of Smoking Index (MSI), a nine-item scale that uses a "mark all that apply" strategy to assess what smoking means to children who have tried smoking as well as to those who are susceptible to smoking. In 24 public and parochial middle schools in the greater Los Angeles area, 2336 7th graders (1483 Latino, 565 Asian/ Pacific Islander and 288 white, 55.2% of the sample was female) completed the MSI as part of a school-based trial of culturally-targeted smoking prevention strategies. Items were rank ordered according to salience (rate of endorsement) and relevance (strength of relationship with lifetime smoking) across the entire sample and separately for Hispanic/Latino, Asian/Asian-American and white respondents. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to compare results between ethnicities. RESULTS: The most frequently endorsed meanings were similar across ethnicities. Magnitude of associations between smoking behaviors and meanings were dissimilar across ethnicities. The meaning with the strongest relationship to lifetime smoking for whites and Latinos was "it helps me study" (OR 3.4 and 2.6 respectively), and for Asians was "don't want to make another smoke alone" (OR 5.4). CONCLUSIONS: We have shown previously that interventions on meanings of eating behaviors changed dietary behaviors in adolescents. The present findings suggest that meanings are powerful determinants of adolescent smoking in culturally diverse populations and could offer powerful intervention tools to prevent adolescent smoking.     

Predicting adult smoking: the influence of smoking during adolescence and smoking among friends and family

The aim of the study was to predict smoking from early adolescenceto adulthood by using longitudinal data. The data was gatheredin connection with the North Karelia Youth Project. The projectwas started in 1978 with students in the seventh grade of juniorhigh school (aged 13 years) and finished in 1980 when the studentsreached the ninth grade. The follow-up study included four additionalsurveys over 15 years, the last being in 1993–94. Theresults show that two-thirds of the smokers in the ninth gradeof junior high school (aged 15 years) were still smoking atthe age of 28. About half of the smokers at the age of 28 weresmokers in the ninth grade and the other half had started afterthat. Previous smoking status and smoking by friends were themost important predictors of smoking. The continuity of smokingand non-smoking from adolescence to adulthood supports the importanceof prevention programs in junior high school. On the other hand,about half of the smoking adults had started smoking after that.This indicates that the prevention programs should continueafter junior high school.