经枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗听神经瘤及面听神经保护32例观察

目的 经枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗听神经瘤,探讨提高肿瘤的全切率及面听神经高保留率的方法.方法 2009年1月-2010年4月对32例听神经瘤患者采用显微外科手术,均采用枕下乙状窦后入路,全切肿瘤并保留面听神经.结果 肿瘤全切除31例,全切率为96.88%.面神经解剖保留30例,保留率为93.75%,手术3个月面神经保留29例;耳蜗神经解剖保留31例,保留率为96.88%,手术后1个月可测听力保留14例,有效听力保留5例,占术前有效听力的55.56%.结论 枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗听神经瘤,肿瘤全切率高,面听神经保留率高,并发症少,是一种良好的治疗手段.     

坐位经枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗听神经瘤48例体会

目的探讨显微手术切除听神经瘤的最佳体位及入径。方法对48例采用经坐位枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术切除的听神经瘤进行回顾性分析总结。结果本组全切率为87.5%(42例),面神经保留率为83.3%(40例),功能保留率为64.6%(31例);听神经保留率为35.4%(17例),功能保留率为14.6%(7例)。结论经坐位枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术切除听神经瘤是一种安全有效的方法,术中神经电生理监测技术的使用,可全面提高面、听神经解剖及功能保留率。     

显微神经外科手术治疗听神经瘤

目的分析总结枕下乙状窦后入路显微外科手术切除听神经瘤的经验和技巧,以提高肿瘤全切率和面神经的保留率,预防并发症.方法对32例枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗的听神经瘤的手术资料进行分析.结果肿瘤的全切率为93.3%(30),面神经解剖保留为90.7%(29),无死亡病例.结论枕下乙状窦后入路是切除听神经瘤的安全有效入路;熟练的显微外科技术和局部显微解剖学基础知识是术中面神经保留的关键.     

乙状窦后入路在治疗听神经瘤中的疗效观察

目的 观察乙状窦后入路在听神经瘤显微手术治疗中的疗效.方法 回顾性研究收治的60例听神经瘤患者行乙状窦后入路显微镜下切除肿瘤的临床资料,分析并总结乙状窦后入路在听神经瘤治疗中的应用.结果 肿瘤全切57例(95％),次全切3例(5％);术后无一例死亡病例,面神经解剖保留56例(93％),面神经功能保留47例(78.3％);听力保留率为41.5％.结论 乙状窦后入路是一种对肿瘤全切率、面、听神经保留率更高,对血管、神经组织的损伤更小,更为安全的手术方法.     

显微手术治疗听神经瘤28例

目的总结听神经瘤显微手术特点,提高面神经保留率,减少并发症和降低死亡率。方法对28例听神经瘤采用枕下一乙状窦后入路显微切除,并对手术要点和手术技巧、面神经保留率之间的关系进行讨论。结果本组患者经病理证实均为听神经鞘瘤,显微镜下全切24例,4例因肿瘤与脑干粘连紧密无法剥离,只能行次全切除,手术全切率85.7%。结论显微手术治疗听神经瘤是更为安全和有效的方法,熟练的手术技巧和围手术期处理是保留面神经功能及降低死亡率的关键。     

显微手术治疗大型听神经瘤

目的　探讨治疗大型听神经瘤的最佳手术方法。方法　采用患侧枕下乙状窦后入路 ,应用显微外科技术 ,定期随访。结果　肿瘤全切率 84 .2 % (6 4 / 76 ) ,面神经解剖保留率 87.1% ,术前有听力者听神经保留率 51.7% ,无手术死亡。平均随访 4 .6年未见肿瘤复发。结论　采用显微技术行大型听神经瘤经枕下乙状窦入路切除术 ,是提高肿瘤全切率和面、听神经保留率 ,降低死亡率的重要手段     

听神经瘤手术无术中电生理监测40例的面/听神经功能保护

目的 探讨听神经瘤的显微外科手术技巧及术中无电生理监测辅助时的面/听神经功能保护.方法 回顾性分析经影像学检查诊断,应用显微神经外科技术,经枕下-乙状窦后入路行肿瘤切除,术中无电生理监测的40例听神经瘤病例,讨论患者面/听神经功能保护.结果 镜下肿瘤全切38例(95.0%),次全切和大部切除2例(5.0%);术中面神经...     

经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除中、大型听神经鞘瘤32例报告

摘要目的:探讨手术切除中,大型听神经瘤的最佳入路。方法:对术前经CT或MRI证实,且肿瘤位于桥脑小脑角区,直径>20mm的32例听神经鞘瘤患者,采用枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除肿瘤;术后评估治疗效果,分别比较手术前后的面神经功能。结果:肿瘤全切除率78.12%(25例);次全切除率18.75%(6例);部分切除率3.12%。面神经解剖保留率为71.87%(23例),出院时功能保留率为53.12%(House分级,Ⅰ~Ⅱ级17例);4例(12.5%)肿瘤复发经再次手术治愈。结论:经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除中、大型听神经瘤是一种安全有效的方法。     

大型听神经瘤显微外科治疗

目的:探讨显微手术切除大型听神经瘤(LAN)的治疗效果.方法:回顾性分析我院4 a来经CT、MRI、钆增强MRI和ABR检查证实位于桥脑小脑角区的直径≥31 mm LAN 32例临床资料,探讨经显微手术治疗的疗效.结果:本组病例全切或近全切27例(84.3%),大部分切除4例(12.5%),面神经解剖保留26例(81.3%),面神经功能保留15例(46.9%),死亡3例(9.4%).结论:桥小脑角的影像学和ABR检查对听神经瘤的确诊具有重要作用,LAN显微手术是更为安全和有效的方法,显微解剖知识,操作技巧和术后处理是提高全切率,保留面神经功能及降低死亡率的关键.     

大型听神经瘤的显微手术治疗

目的探讨经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗大型听神经瘤的操作技巧及治疗效果。方法回顾性分析经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗的45例大型听神经瘤临床资料。结果本组肿瘤全切40例(88.9%),次全切除5例(11.1%),面神经解剖学保留率为86.7%(39例)。对40例进行1年以上的随访评估,面神经功能获得满意恢复者为32例(71.1%)。结论经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除大型听神经瘤,对面神经可获得解剖学与功能的保护,能明显降低并发症与病死率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.