复方甘草酸苷联合川芎嗪治疗慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化的疗效观察

目的观察复方甘草酸苷(美能)联合川芎嗪对慢性乙型肝炎(慢乙肝)肝纤维化的疗效。方法82例慢乙肝患者被随机分为治疗组42例,对照组40例。对照组给予川芎嗪针160mg,加入5%葡萄糖注射液250ml,静脉滴注,1/d,每月连用20d,停药10d,疗程3个月;在此基础上,治疗组加用复方甘草酸苷片,口服,每次2片,3/d,疗程3个月。对照观察2组肝纤维化指标变化。结果治疗组疗效明显优于对照组,2组比较有显著性差异。结论复方甘草酸苷联合川芎嗪治疗肝纤维化疗效明显优于单用川芎嗪组,说明两者合用具有较强的抗肝纤维化作用,具有协同增强作用,且使用方便、疗效显著,不失为治疗和预防肝纤维化的一种方法。     

复方鳖甲软肝片联合用药治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化疗效观察

目的观察复方鳖甲软肝片联合用药治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化的临床疗效。方法选取乙型肝炎肝硬化患者共67例,随机分为对照组34例,治疗组33例。对照组给予阿德福韦酯(代丁)、甘草酸二铵注射液、阿托莫兰及对症支持治疗;治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上加用复方鳖甲软肝片(4片/次,3/d),治疗6个月。结果治疗组患者在肝功能改善、血清肝纤维化指标等方面疗效明显优于对照组(P﹤0.05)。结论复方鳖甲软肝片联合阿德福韦酯等治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化患者疗效显著,具有协同作用。     

复方鳖甲软肝片治疗50例肝纤维化的临床研究

观察复方鳖甲软肝片抗纤维化的临床疗效及对代偿性肝硬化逆转的可能性。治疗组50例,复方鳖甲软肝片,口服,每日三次,每次4片;对照组30例,大黄庶虫虫丸,口服,每日三次,每次6克;疗程均为6个月。治疗前后检测肝肾功能、肝纤维化指标、血常规、B超、部分患者肝活检。复方鳖甲软肝片能明显降低HA、LN、PⅢP、PⅣP,降低ALT、AST、总胆红素,升高白蛋白、A/G比例,能明显升高WBC、RBC、PLT,且对乏力、肝区疼痛、脾肿大等症状体征有明显的改善作用。肝活检光镜下有明显改善肝纤维化作用,电镜下可见肝星状细胞减少、细胞器不活跃,周围纤维沉积明显减少。复方鳖甲软肝片具有明显的抗纤维化作用,并可使代偿性肝硬化在一定程度上逆转。     

阿德福韦酯联合复方鳖甲软肝片治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化的临床观察

目的观察阿德福韦酯联合复方鳖甲软肝片治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期的疗效和安全性。方法 78例乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期患者随机分为阿德福韦酯与复方鳖甲软肝片联合治疗组及单用阿德福韦酯对照组,观察48周时两组患者肝功能、Child-Pugh分级及血清HBV DNA自基线下降的水平。结果治疗48周后,治疗组肝功能、Child-Pugh分级及血清HBV DNA自基线下降水平与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;联合治疗组肝纤维化指标及脾门厚度的下降值均优于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论阿德福韦酯联合复方鳖甲软肝片治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化明显优于单用阿德福韦酯。     

阿德福韦酯联合复方鳖甲软肝片治疗肝纤维化79例

[目的]观察阿德福韦酯胶囊联合复方鳖甲软肝片治疗慢性乙型肝炎和代偿期肝硬化患者抗肝纤维化临床疗效。[方法]125例慢性乙型肝炎后肝纤维化患者随机分为阿德福韦酯胶囊与复方鳖甲软肝片联合治疗（治疗）组及阿德福韦酯胶囊（对照）组,每月查肝功能等生化指标,每3个月检测HBVM、HBVDNA,分别于治疗前和治疗12个月后放射免疫法各检测1次血清肝纤维化指标。[结果]12个月后治疗组及对照组肝功能均明显恢复,2组比较差异无统计学意义;2组HBeAg阴转率、HbeAg／HBeAb血清转换率、HBVDNA阴转率差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）,治疗组肝纤维化程度改善更明显（P〈0．05）。[结论]阿德福韦酯胶囊与复方鳖甲软肝片联合治疗在抗纤维化程度方面优于单用阿德福韦酯胶囊。     

复方鳖甲软肝片联合复方甘草酸苷治疗代偿期肝硬化患者疗效观察

目的：观察复方鳖甲软肝片联合复方甘草酸苷治疗代偿期肝硬化患者的临床疗效。方法67例代偿期肝硬化患者被随机分为两组。给予对照组（n=32）复方甘草酸苷治疗,给予观察组（n=35例）复方鳖甲软肝片联合复方甘草酸苷治疗,两组均观察3个月,比较两组治疗前后肝功能、Chid-Pugh 计分、血清肝纤维化指标和肝脾 B 超声像图变化。结果在治疗后,观察组患者血清 ALT、AST 水平和 Chid-Pugh 计分[（72.5±12.3） U/L、（53.7±9.8） U/L、（5.3±1.2） U/L 及 PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C、LN 和 HA 水平（105.4±17.6）μg/L、（104.7±12.1）μg/L、（93.7±16.7）μg/mL 和（110.4±17.2） mg/L）]均显著低于对照组[分别为（120.1±17.7） U/L、（75.2±10.2） U/L、（7.2±1.5）U/L 及（150.8±19.4）μg/L、（138.3±15.4）μg/L、（125.4±21.0）μg/mL 和（148.3±18.7） mg/L,P〈0.05）];观察组患者脾脏厚度（3.85±0.73） cm 及门静脉和脾静脉宽度（1.13±0.28） cm 和（0.73±0.22） cm 显著低于对照组[分别为（4.39±0.75） cm、（1.29±0.22） cm、（0.92±0.25） cm,P〈0.05）]。结论复方鳖甲软肝片联合复方甘草酸苷治疗代偿期肝硬化患者疗效显著。     

阿德福韦酯联合复方鳖甲软肝片治疗肝纤维化的临床观察

目的：观察阿德福韦酯联合复方鳖甲软肝片治疗慢性乙型肝炎和代偿期肝硬化患者抗肝纤维化的临床疗效。方法：120例慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化患者随机分为阿德福韦酯与复方鳖甲软肝片联合治疗组及单用阿德福韦酯对照组，每月查肝功能等生化指标，每3个月检测HBV—M、HBVDNA，分别于治疗前和治疗12个月后用放射免疫法检测血清肝纤维化指标。结果：12个月后两组患者肝功能均明显恢复，两组比较差异无显著性意义；两组HBeAg阴转率、HBeAg／HBeAb血清转换率、HBV DNA阴转率差异均无显著性意义（均P〉0．05）；联合治疗组患者肝纤维化程度改善更明显（均P〈0．05）。结论：阿德福韦酯与复方鳖甲软肝片联合治疗组在抗肝纤维化程度方面优于单用阿德福韦酯组。     

复方鳖甲软肝片治疗肝纤维化疗效探讨

将96例慢性病毒性肝炎肝纤维化患者随机分为治疗组及对照组各48例，分别口服复方鳖甲软肝片及复方丹参片8周，结果两组血清肝纤维化指标治疗后均有改善，但治疗组恢复程度明显优于对照组（P〈0．01），肝功能改善亦优于对照组（P〈0．05）。提示复方鳖甲软肝片治疗肝纤维化疗效确切。     

复方鳖甲软肝片治疗肝硬化患者脾功能亢进的疗效观察

目的：观察复方鳖甲软肝片治疗肝硬化患者脾功能亢进的疗效。方法：选取肝硬化代偿期和失代偿期合并脾功能亢进的患者各72例,分别随机分为治疗组和对照组（共4组）,每组36例;治疗组患者口服复方鳖甲软肝片,对照组患者予常规护肝治疗。比较治疗前后血常规、脾脏长径、厚度、门静脉主干直径（MPV）的变化情况。结果：代偿期肝硬化治疗组患者治疗后脾脏长径、厚度、MPV均明显减少,PLT、WBC升高,而失代偿期肝硬化患者脾脏及血常规无明显变化。结论：复方鳖甲软肝片对代偿期肝硬化患者脾功能亢进症有一定疗效,对失代偿期肝硬化的脾功能亢进无明显效果。     

恩替卡韦联合复方甘草酸苷治疗代偿期活动性乙型肝炎肝硬化患者的临床研究

目的观察ETv分散片联合复方甘草酸苷治疗代偿期活动性乙型肝炎肝硬化患者的临床疗效并探讨其作用机制,为进一步提高代偿期活动性乙型肝炎肝硬化临床疗效提供依据。方法将60例代偿期活动性乙型肝炎肝硬化患者随机分为研究组和对照组,对照组应用ETV分散片0．5mg／次,1次,d,晨起空腹口服。治疗组在对照组基础上联合复方甘草酸苷片75mg／次,37次／d,口服。两组患者疗程均为48周。比较两组患者治疗前后肝功能、血清肝纤维化指标、肝硬度指标、血清病毒学（HBVDNA、HBeAg及抗．HBe）指标,运用彩色多普勒超声检查比较肝脏、脾脏和门静脉内径变化。结果两组患者治疗48周肝功能指标（ALT、AST、ALB、TBil）、血清肝纤维化指标（HA、LN、PCIII、IV．C）和肝硬度指标比较差异均有显著统计学意义（P均=0．000）;两组患者治疗前后血清HBVDNA水平比较差异均有显著统计学意义（P均=O．000）,但组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P=0．490、0．630）。对照组治疗48周发生HBeAg低于检测下限的比率为30．8％、血清学转换率23．1％;治疗组治疗48周发生HBeAg低于检测下限的比率为50．0％、血清学转换率为35．7％。两组患者HBeAg低于检测下限的比率和血清学转换率比较,差异均有统计学意义（P=0．029、0．040）。两组患者治疗前后门静脉内径、脾脏长径、脾脏厚度、脾静脉宽度比较差异均无统计学意义（P=0．830、0．350、0．870、0．490）。结论ETv联合复方甘草酸苷对代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者治疗有协同作用,其作用机制可能与抗-HBV、抗肝纤维化、改善肝功能、免疫调节等有关。     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.