Hemoptysis after orthopedic surgery in an adolescent boy

In children, post-obstructive pulmonary edema is a rare condition, caused by a sudden change in upper airway patency. It causes dyspnea, tachypnea, hypoxemia, and at times hemoptysis and respiratory insufficiency. It occurs as a complication in the immediate post-operative period. Pediatricians should be aware of this clinical entity.     

Hemoptysis

Hemoptysis is a significant pulmonary symptom. Because there are numerous causes, a systematic approach is necessary for the diagnosis and management of these patients. A thorough clinical evaluation and chest roentgenogram are pivotal in formulating a differential diagnosis. Diagnostic testing is tailored to the individual patient. This article provides an overview to help deal with patients with hemoptysis.     

Hemoptysis as an unusual manifestation of right atrial myxoma

Atrial myxoma is the most frequent tumor of the heart, though right-side locations and initial clinical manifestation in the form of hemoptysis are infrequent. We describe the case of a young woman with right atrial myxoma diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography and presenting hemoptysis as the most important manifestation. The symptomatology disappeared after surgical removal of the lesion.     

Inhibitory effect of amlexanox on asthmatic attacks in an aspirin sensitive asthmatic]

The anti-allergic action of amlexanox is reported to be associated with inhibition of the release of LTC4, LTD4 and histamine, and with antagonistic activity on leukotrienes. The patient was a 18-year-old female who had suffered from bronchial asthma since the age of fifteen. We diagnosed the case as aspirin sensitive asthma because of development of a severe asthmatic attack with syncope after oral administration of an analgesic for treatment of a common cold at the age of seventeen. She also had sensitivity to toothpaste. Three-minute aerosol inhalation challenge with 0.1, 1 and 10% solution of sulpyrine was performed as a stepwise increment at 20 minutes intervals. This inhalation test was positive and it evoked simultaneous increases of LTC4, LTD4 and histamine in the peripheral blood. Since the commencement of oral administration of 150 mg per day of amlexanox, the patient has had no attacks for about 8 months. In the second inhalation test, premedication with amlexanox elevated the threshold of sulpyrine and inhibited the release of LTC4, LTD4 and histamine. We report that amlexanox was of use to control asthmatic attacks in this aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patient.     

哮喘小鼠模型的建立与评价

目的探讨哮喘小鼠模型建立的方法。方法将20只SPF级BALB／C雌性小鼠随机分成对照组和模型组两组。模型的构建采用腹腔注射OVA＋氢氧化铝凝胶致敏3次后予1％OVA雾化激发7d,以生理盐水腹腔注射及雾化吸人为对照。最后1次雾化激发1h后眼球取血,取右肺作HE染色;左肺收集BALF,进行细胞计数;ELISA检测外周血IL—12水平。结果模型组小鼠激发可见典型的哮喘症状。模型组小鼠BALF中炎性细胞总数和EOS较对照组明显增多,外周血IL-12水平显著降低,且IL-12水平与BALF中EOS数呈高度负相关。结论致敏3次后雾化激发是一种较好的建立哮喘小鼠模型的方法。