叶酸、维生素B_6和维生素B_（12）治疗冠心病并高同型半胱氨酸血症患者40例临床观察

目的：评价叶酸、维生素B6和维生素B12对治疗高同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）血症及冠心病的临床疗效。方法：将冠心病伴高同型半胱氨酸血症患者78例随机分为两组,对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用叶酸、维生素B6和维生素B12片,1个疗程1个月,对治疗前后血清同型半胱氨酸水平、临床表现及心电图进行观察。结果：治疗后两组空腹血清同型半胱氨酸水平分别为（25.9±8.1）μmol/L和（17.8±7.6）μmol/L,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,且治疗组总有效率达90.0%,优于对照组的55.3%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：口服叶酸片、维生素B6和维生素B12片可以有效降低血清同型半胱氨酸浓度,且对冠心病有显著疗效。     

阿尔茨海默病的影响因素研究

目的研究高同型半胱氨酸血症、叶酸和维生素B12对阿尔茨海默病(AD)的影响。方法选择89例AD患者及45例正常老年人,分为3组:AD1组(无心血管疾病)、AD2组(伴有心血管疾病)和对照组,分别应用高效液相色谱法和放射免疫法测定血浆同型半胱氨酸(hcy)、叶酸和维生素B12的含量。结果AD1组与对照组比较,hcy、叶酸和维生素B12无显著性差异。AD2组hcy、叶酸和维生素B12分别为(18.30±2.57)μmol/L、(14.30±1.18)nmol/L和(237.20±28.77)nmol/L,与其他两组比较,hcy含量显著升高,叶酸含量显著降低,维生素B12含量无显著性差异。结论高同型半胱氨酸血症与AD的发病无关,与AD的严重程度有关。血清叶酸的降低是导致AD患者高同型半胱氨酸血症的重要因素。维生素B12与AD患者高同型半胱氨酸血症的发生无关。     

冠心病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与血清叶酸维生素B12和维生素B6的关系及干预试验研究

目的：观察冠心病（CHD）患者同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平与血浆叶酸、维生素B12浓度之间的关系,以及高Hcy血症联合补充叶酸、维生素B6和维生素B12对Hcy水平的影响。方法：CHD组患者134例,对照组150例。采用荧光标记免疫检测法测定空腹血浆Hcy水平,应用固相非煮沸放免标记法测定基础血浆叶酸及维生素B12浓度。Hcy水平高于15μmol／L者为高Hcy血症。42例CHD患者和16例对照者予以每日补充叶酸5mg,维生素B6 20mg,口服每日3次,维生素B12 0．5mg,肌内注射每日1次,10-12周后复查血浆Hcy水平。未服药的10例CHD患者在测定血浆总Hcy、血清叶酸、维生素B12和B6水平后10—12周复查．作为对照。结果：CHD患者血浆Hcy水平高于正常组,基础叶酸浓度明显低于正常组,直线相关分析结果显示CHD组血浆Hcy水平与基础叶酸浓度呈明显负相关（P〈0．001）,治疗组治疗前后Hcy水平差异有显著性（P〈0．001）。结论：CHD患者Hcy水平较正常对照组显著升高,联合补充叶酸、维生素K和维生素B12可明显降低冠心病患者血浆Hcy水平。     

高血压并发脑梗死与高同型半胱氨酸血症关系的临床分析

目的探讨高血压脑梗死与高同型半胱氨酸血症相关性。方法回顾分析41例高血压脑梗死患者作为观察组,42例高血压无血管并发症为对照组,比较分析两组的同型半胱氨酸水平,评价高血压脑梗死组与高血压无血管并发症组与同型半胱氨酸血症关系。结果高血压并发脑梗死组与高血压无血管并发症组比较,其血清同型半胱氨酸水平明显增高,经过统计学处理,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高血压脑梗死与高同型半胱氨酸血症水平密切相关,是高血压发生脑梗死的重要因素,给予补充叶酸、维生素B6、维生素B12可以减少高同型半胱氨酸血症相关性缺血性卒中的发生率,且治疗方法简单实用,值得临床推广。     

阿尔茨海默病相关影响因素的病例对照研究

目的研究高同型半胱氨酸血症、叶酸和维生素B_(12)对阿尔茨海默病(AD)的影响。方法选择89例AD患者及45例正常老年人,分为3组。AD1组(无心血管疾病)、AD2组(伴有心血管疾病)和对照组,分别应用高效液相色谱法和放射免疫法测定血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、叶酸和维生素B12的含量。结果 AD1组与对照组比较,Hcy、叶酸和维生素B_(12无显著性差异。AD2组Hcy、叶酸和维生素B_(12分别为(18.30±2.57)μmol/L、(14.30±1.18)nmol/L和(237.20±28.77)nmol/L,与其他两组比较,Hcy含量显著升高,叶酸含量显著降低,维生素B_(12含量无显著性差异。结论高同型半胱氨酸血症与AD的发病无关,与AD的严重程度有关。血清叶酸的降低是导致AD患者高同型半胱氨酸血症的重要因素。维生素B_(12与AD患者高同型半胱氨酸血症的发生无关。     

血清同型半胱氨酸水平与脑梗死的关系探讨(附100例分析)

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平与脑梗死的关系及叶酸、维生素B12、维生素B6对高Hcy水平的影响。方法测定100例脑梗死患者及85例对照组的血液总Hcy，脑梗死组Hcy升高者予以口服维生素B12、维生素B6和叶酸4周，复查Hcy。结果脑梗死组Hcy水平与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），两组中血清Hcy浓度升高者分别占32．00％和7．06％，脑梗死组Hcy增高者治疗前后Hcy水平差异均有统计学意义。结论高血清Hcy水平是脑梗死的重要危险因素之一，口服维生素B12、维生素B6和叶酸可降低高Hcy水平。     

血清同型半胱氨酸、维生素B12、叶酸水平与老年性骨折的相关性分析

目的：探究血清同型半胱氨酸（ Hcy）、维生素B12、叶酸水平与老年性骨折的相关性。方法将160例老年性骨折患者作为观察组,在常规治疗基础上,进行维生素B12和叶酸的治疗,同期收集在该院体检中心进行体检的健康老年人130例作为对照组。检测2组Hcy、维生素B12、叶酸水平,并进行比较。比较观察组治疗前后Hcy水平,探讨血清Hcy水平与维生素B12水平、叶酸的相关性。结果观察组血清Hcy水平明显高于对照组,维生素B12、叶酸水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;观察组入院时血清Hcy水平为（18．73±5．61）μmol／L高于治疗后的（11．21±4．20）μmol／L,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。观察组老年性骨折患者的血清Hcy水平分别与维生素B12水平、叶酸水平呈负相关（r＝－0．3,－0．2,P均＜0．05）。结论老年性骨折患者Hcy水平明显升高,补充维生素B12、叶酸可降低血清Hcy水平,降低老年性骨折的发生率。     

急性脑梗死与血浆同型半胱氨的关系研究

目的探讨急性脑梗死与血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hey）关系及其临床意义。方法选取120例急性脑梗死住院患者和80例同年龄段健康体格检查人群进行血浆Hey、叶酸和维生素B12的测定,并进行比较。结果急性脑梗死组患者血浆Hey水平明显升高（P〈0．01）,叶酸、维生素B12水平明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论急性脑梗死组患者血浆Hcy升高,而叶酸、维生素B12下降,可以认为同型半胱氨酸血症是急性脑梗死的独立危险因素。     

心绞痛患者同型半胱氨酸药物干预试验研究

目的观察心绞痛患者同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平与叶酸、维生素B6、维生素B12浓度之间的关系,并希望在常规治疗的基础上加用叶酸、维生素B6和维生素B12的方法可以降低心绞痛患者高Hcy血症,进而达到降低心绞痛患者的发病率及心肌梗死率。方法对心绞痛患者及健康对照者采用酶联免疫吸附试验法测定空腹血清Hcy水平,应用放射免疫标记法测定基础血清叶酸及维生素B12浓度,高效液相色谱法测定血清总维生素B6水平。对于Hcy水平高于15μmol.L-1者诊断为高同型半胱氨酸血症。随机抽取24例心绞痛患者作为服药心绞痛组和16例正常人群作为服药正常人对照组,予以补充叶酸5 mg.次-1,1次.d-1;维生素B620 mg.次-1,3次.d-1;维生素B120.1 mg.次-1,1次.d-1。在服药前和服药后10-12周后复查血浆Hcy、叶酸、维生素B6、维生素B12水平。另抽取未服药的10例心绞痛患者测定血清Hcy、血清叶酸、维生素B12和维生素B6水平,10-12周后复查,作为未服药心绞痛对照组。结果心绞痛患者血浆Hcy水平高于正常组,基础叶酸浓度明显低于正常组,直线相关分析结果显示心绞痛患者组血清Hcy水平与基础叶酸浓度呈明显负相关（P〈0.001）,服药心绞痛组加叶酸、维生素B6、维生素B12治疗后Hcy水平明显低于治疗前（P〈0.001）。结论心绞痛患者Hcy水平较正常对照组显著升高,常规治疗基础上联合补充叶酸、维生素B6和维生素B12后可明显降低心绞痛患者血浆Hcy水平。     

脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平及叶酸 甲钴胺的干预研究

目的研究脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸(H cy)水平及叶酸、甲钴铵干预的影响作用。方法收集230例脑梗死患者、180名健康对照者血液标本,采用荧光偏振免疫法测定H cy、叶酸和维生素B12,酶法常规测定血脂水平。对高H cy的脑梗死患者给予叶酸、甲钴胺干预。结果脑梗死组患者血清H cy水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血清H cy与叶酸、维生素B12呈明显负相关(P<0.05),高H cy者药物干预3～4周后血H cy显著降低(P<0.01)。结论高H cy血症是脑梗死的独立危险因素,给予叶酸、甲钴胺干预可有效降低血清H cy水平,可能有助于减轻高H cy对血管的毒性作用。     

Hypertension, the Kuna, and the epidemiology of flavanols

A low sodium diet has often been implicated in the protection of low blood pressure populations from hypertension, but several other dietary factors, including those as yet unidentified, may also be involved. The Kuna Indians of Panama are free of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, but this is changing with migration to urban areas. We compared the indigenous diet of Kuna Indians living on remote islands in Panama (Ailigandi), whose lifestyle is largely hunter-gatherer, with those who have moved to a suburb of Panama City (Vera Cruz). Between April and October 1999, members of a Kuna research team administered a 118-item food frequency questionnaire to133 adult Kuna from Ailigandi and 183 from Vera Cruz. Single 24-hour urine collections and nonfasting blood samples were obtained. The Kuna in Ailigandi reported consuming a 10-fold higher amount of cocoa-containing beverages, 4 times the amount of fish, and twice the amount of fruit as urban Kuna (P<0.05 by t test). Salt added was ample among those living in Ailigandi and Vera Cruz according to both self-report (7.1+/-1.1 and 4.6+/-0.3 tsp weekly) and urinary sodium levels (177+/-9 and 160+/-7 mEq Na/g creatinine), respectively. The low blood pressure of island-dwelling Kuna does not seem to be related to a low salt diet. Among dietary factors that varied among migrating Kuna, the notably higher intake of flavanol-rich cocoa is a potential candidate for further study.     

Antagonism of the trypanocide,berenil, and the nematocide,morantel, by tubocurarine

Summary The tubocurarine antagonism, (pA₂ values) of acetylcholine, suxamethonium, morantel and berenil were calculated as 6.5, 6.3, 6.4 and 6.2 respectively with the toad rectus abdominis muscle. It is suggested that tubocurarine competitively inhibits the morantel and berenil induced contracture of the toad rectus abdominis muscle.     

Fear, anxiety, and the neuroimaging of PTSD

The clinical manifestations of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) include both fear and anxiety symptoms. Animal studies provide significant information about the neurobiological pathways involved in fear and anxiety and are relevant to the study of PTSD. These studies are reviewed along with Rauch's proposed neurobiologic model for PTSD. Neuroimaging findings in PTSD are summarized by region. Most neuroimaging studies to date have been provocation studies which present a traumarelated stimulus and measure response.While providing information about PTSD, these complex studies were not designed to target specific emotions. Studies which can specifically elicit fear or anxiety and evaluate associated brain regions, such as the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) may provide a clearer understanding of the biologic underpinnings of PTSD and bridge the knowledge between animal neurobiology and human studies.     

Comparison of the disposition and of the metabolic pattern of Reboxetine, a new antidepressant, in the rat, dog, monkey and man.

The purpose of this study was to compare the disposition and the metabolic pattern of Reboxetine in several species, including man. [14C]-Reboxetine was given orally to the rat, the dog, the monkey (5 mg/kg) and man (2 and 4 mg/kg). Radioactivity was eliminated both by the renal and faecal route in the rat and the dog, mainly in urine in the monkey and man. Reboxetine was extensively metabolized. A number of urinary metabolites were quantified by radio-HPLC and tentatively identified by comparison with the retention times of reference compounds. Suggested routes of metabolic transformation are: 2-O-dealkylation; hydroxylation of the ethoxyphenoxy ring; oxidation of the morpholine ring; morpholine ring-opening; and combinations of these. Metabolites were partially or completely conjugated with glucuronic acid and/or sulphuric acid.