EDTA和EDC预处理对两步法自酸蚀粘接剂粘接强度的影响

目的:探讨EDTA和EDC预处理对两步法自酸蚀粘接剂粘接强度及粘接耐久性的影响。方法:第三磨牙56颗根据表面处理方式及是否老化处理随机分成8组(n=7),A、A1组:Clearfil SE Bond;B、B1组:17%EDTA+Clearfil SE Bond;C、C1组:0.3 mol/L EDC+Clearfil SE Bond;D、D1组:17%EDTA+0.3 mol/L EDC+Clearfil SE Bond。A1、B1、C1、D1组试件进行老化处理。每组随机抽取5个试件检测粘接强度,观察、统计断裂模式;每组其余2个试件观察纵剖面形貌。结果:D组即刻粘接强度最高,与A组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);C组与C1组、D组与D1组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有粘接耐久性。混合断裂是主要的断裂模式,各组比较差异无统计学意义。B、B1和D、D1组混合层树脂突增多增长,C1、D1组混合层未见明显裂纹。结论:17%EDTA+0.3 mol/L EDC预处理可以提高两步法自酸蚀粘接剂的即刻粘接强度,并具有粘接耐久性。     

含不同溶剂的碳二亚胺对丙酮基酸蚀冲洗粘接系统粘接性能的影响

目的: 探索水、乙醇、丙酮作选择溶剂时,碳二亚胺(carbodiimide,EDC)对丙酮基酸蚀冲洗粘接系统粘接性能的影响。方法: 选择64颗离体第三磨牙,按照预处理剂种类及是否老化,随机分为8组(n=8),S0、S0a：去离子水;S、Sa：EDC水溶液;E、Ea：EDC乙醇溶液;B、Ba：EDC丙酮溶液。预处理后,采用Prime Bond NT 完成粘接试件制备。S0、S、E、B为即刻组, S0a、Sa、Ea、Ba组进行冷热循环5 000次老化处理。每组随机选取6个试件,测定剪切强度,观察断裂模式,剩余2个试件在SEM下观察粘接界面微观形貌。采用SPSS 20.0软件包对剪切强度进行统计学处理。结果: S组剪切强度大于S0组,Sa组大于S0a,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),S、E、B组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Sa、Ea、Ba组剪切强度依次增大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。EDC、老化、溶剂单独主效应有统计学意义(P<0.05),EDC和老化之间有交互效应(P<0.05)。即刻组断裂模式以混合破坏为主,老化组以界面断裂为主。SEM下观察即刻组混合层均匀完整,S0a组裂纹最大,Ba组仅少量裂纹。结论: 水、乙醇和丙酮作溶剂的EDC预处理,可提高丙酮基酸蚀冲洗粘接系统即刻和老化后粘接强度;丙酮作溶剂时,可最大限度地提高老化后粘接强度。     

黄芩素与葛根素对牙本质粘接持久性的影响

目的:探讨基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂黄芩素,葛根素结合乙醇湿粘接对牙本质粘接持久性的影响。方法:选取128颗离体牙,随机分为8个组,每组16个,A组对照组无处理;B组乙醇处理;C、D、E组分别为0.05%、0.1%、0.5%黄芩素乙醇处理;F、G、H组分别为0.05%、0.1%、0.5%葛根素乙醇处理,每组随机抽取8个试件进行老化处理。各组试件进行剪切强度测试,断裂模式分析,扫描电镜观察粘接面,断裂面微观结构。结果:C~H组即刻剪切强度高于A、B组(P<0.05),老化后C~H组剪切强度比即刻组没有明显降低(P>0.05),老化后A、B组剪切强度明显降低(P<0.05)。扫描电镜观察:老化后实验组的混合层树脂突致密程度高于对照组。结论:黄芩素,葛根素结合乙醇湿粘接方式可以提高牙本质即刻粘接强度,增强牙本质粘接持久性。     

交联剂对一种酸蚀-冲洗粘接剂SB2的牙本质粘接性能的影响

目的:探索3种交联剂对一种酸蚀-冲洗粘接剂Adper^TM Single Bond 2(SB2)的牙本质粘接性能的影响。方法:72颗人离体磨牙随机分为4组(n=18),分别应用蒸馏水，碳二亚胺(EDC, 1 mol/L),表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG, 0.1%)和核黄素(RF, 0.1%)预处理后涂布SB2,然后制作树脂粘接试件。每种预处理方式的试件分为即刻组和老化组(n=9),对老化组样本行热循环处理。分别在粘接后24 h和热循环老化后检测剪切强度，观察断裂模式，并通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察粘接界面和界面纳米渗漏。双因素方差分析和Tukey检验分析剪切强度。结果:4组即刻组剪切强度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),老化前后EDC和EGCG组剪切强度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。预处理方式和老化的交互作用差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。断裂模式及SEM观察显示EDC和EGCG组具有良好的粘接界面。结论:EDC和EGCG预处理不影响SB2的即刻剪切强度，并可维持老化后的剪切强度，改善粘接界面。     

不同酸性水解催化液对硅基质陶瓷与树脂粘接效果的影响

目的 研究使用新型双液型硅烷底涂剂(A、B液)对树脂-硅基质陶瓷粘接效果的影响.方法 将432个陶瓷实验体分为9组(每组48个),分别使用9种实验性底涂剂处理陶瓷表面.9种底涂剂中A液均为50 g/L甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(γ-methacryloxypropyletrimethoxysilane,MPTS)的乙醇溶液,B液分别为0.10、0.05、0.01 mol/L盐酸、磷酸和醋酸水溶液与同体积99％乙醇配比的混合溶液.处理后陶瓷与树脂粘接剂(Link Max,GC,日本)粘接形成实验体.其后将每组分为3个亚组(每个亚组各16个实验体)分别在24h后、5000次和10000次冷热循环后测试剪切强度.结果 冷热循环前后最高剪切强度均在0.05 mol/L盐酸组,分别为(19.5±3.7)、(15.7±3.0)、(14.6±3.0) Mpa.10 000次冷热循环后,当酸性溶液浓度为0.10 mol/L时,盐酸组的(10.6±3.5)Mpa和磷酸组的(9.5±2.7)Mpa明显高于醋酸组的(6.3±2.5) Mpa (P＜0.05);当酸性溶液浓度为0.05 mol/L时,盐酸组的(14.6±3.0)Mpa明显高于磷酸组的(6.3±1.9) Mpa和醋酸组的(4.7±1.8) Mpa (P＜0.05);当酸性溶液浓度为0.01 mol/L时,盐酸组的(12.7±3.2) Mpa明显高于磷酸组的(2.3±1.2) Mpa和醋酸组的(1.5±1.2) Mpa (P＜0.05).结论 选择0.05 mol/L盐酸作为水解催化液的硅烷底涂剂可得到较高的硅基质陶瓷-树脂粘接强度及粘接耐久性.     

原花青素对纤维桩粘接耐久性的影响

目的:研究原花青素(procyanidins,PA)对纤维桩粘接耐久性的影响。方法:经根管治疗的36颗单根管前磨牙,桩道预备后随机分为4组(n=9)组,A组:6.5%PA+不老化,B组:6.5%PA+老化,C组:乙醇+不老化,D组:乙醇+老化。每组随机抽取7个样本从纤维桩的根颈、中、尖三分之一切取1 mm厚试件检测剪切粘接强度,统计并观察断裂模式。每组另2个样本进行印度墨水染色。结果:PA预处理组粘接强度高于乙醇组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PA预处理和老化的交互作用对粘接强度的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05);根管不同部位和PA预处理的交互作用对粘接强度的影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各组断裂模式以混合破坏为主。D组微渗漏最明显。结论:PA可以提高纤维桩根颈、中、尖的即刻和老化后的粘接强度。     

牙本质乙醇湿粘接理论与技术的研究现状

传统的牙本质水湿粘接技术已被多数学者认同,但水湿粘接所要求的湿度难以控制和标准化,过多的水分常导致树脂聚合不全、相分离和纳米渗漏等现象,影响粘接耐久性.而近期提出的牙本质乙醇湿粘接,研究认为其可提高牙本质粘接强度和耐久性.本文就乙醇湿粘接技术的原理、处理方法及相关研究进展作一综述.     

自酸蚀粘接技术在正畸粘接中的应用评价

目的 :酸蚀粘接托槽是固定矫治技术中的一个重要步骤 ,如何在一些易受污染的粘接环境中有效地提高托槽粘接的效率和成功率 ,是每个正畸医生都感兴趣的课题。本研究对在干性和唾液污染两种正畸粘接环境中应用自酸蚀粘接技术作一评估。方法 :选取 6 0颗新鲜离体年轻恒双尖牙 ,随机均匀分成三组粘接托槽 (3M公司 0 .0 2 2系列标准方丝弓双尖牙托槽 ) ,A组 :在干性环境下Unite(3M)化学固化型粘接剂粘接托槽 ,作为对照组 ;B组 :在干性环境下Self etchingprimer(自酸蚀封闭剂 3M) +TransbondXT(光固化粘接剂 3M)粘接托槽 ;C组 :在唾液污染环境下以Self etchingprimer(自酸蚀封闭剂 3M) +TransbondXT(光固化粘接剂3M)粘接托槽。粘接结束半小时后利用Zwick材料测试机 (德国 )对各个样本进行剪切强度测试 ,通过SAS统计软件包比较三组的剪切强度及ARI评分。结果 :B组和C组的剪切强度分别为 7.79Mpa和 6 .5 2Mpa,与A组 (13.7Mpa)存在显著性差异 ,但仍在临床可接受范围 (6 8Mpa)之内 ,B组与C组之间无显著性差异。三组粘接剂残留指数比较显示应用自酸蚀粘接技术的样本在去托槽后仅有少量粘接剂残留在牙面上。结论 :本研究认为Self etchingprimer+Transbond所构成的自酸蚀粘接技术是一种可行的粘接手段 ,尤其在某     

低温等离子处理对氧化锆粘接强度的影响

目的:研究低温等离子处理对氧化锆与树脂水门汀粘接强度的影响.方法:将80个氧化锆试件随机分为8组,每组10个:对照组(C),无处理.前处理剂组(PR),在氧化锆试件表面涂布前处理剂.喷砂组(SB),用Al2O3颗粒对氧化锆试件表面均匀喷砂.喷砂+前处理剂组(SBPR).低温等离子处理组(PL),将氧化锆试件中心置于常压喷出式低温等离子体发生器喷嘴下5mm处理10sec.低温等离子处理+前处理剂组(PLPR).喷砂+低温等离子处理组(SBPL).喷砂+低温等离子处理+前处理剂组(SBPLPR).分组处理后观察氧化锆试件表面形态,测量表面接触角及剪切粘接强度.结果:等离子处理组氧化锆试件表面形态未见明显改变,接触角明显减小.低温等离子处理组剪切粘接强度(16.81 MPa)明显高于对照组(9.41 MPa)和前处理剂组(10.28 MPa)(P＜0.05),与喷砂组(14.82 MPa)和喷砂+前处理剂组(18.34 MPa)相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).喷砂+低温等离子处理+前处理剂组剪切粘接强度最高(23.95 MPa).XPS结果显示低温等离子处理使氧化锆试件表面氧元素(O)含量增加,碳元素(C)含量减少,碳/氧比值(C/O)减小.结论:低温等离子处理能显著的增加氧化锆表面的亲水性,显著提高氧化锆与树脂水门汀的粘接强度.     

不同浓度组织蛋白酶抑制剂E-64对牙本质与树脂粘接耐久性的影响

目的 探讨组织蛋白酶特异性抑制剂N-(反式-环氧丁二酰基)-L-亮氨酸-4-胍基丁基酰胺[N-(trans-epoxysuccinyl)-L-leucine 4-guanidinobutylamide,E-64]对牙本质与树脂粘接耐久性的影响及其提高粘接耐久性的最佳有效浓度,为临床使用E-64提高牙本质与树脂的粘接耐久性提供实验依据.方法 50颗人第三磨牙按随机数字表法随机分为5组,每组10颗,分别用浓度为0(空白对照组)、2.5、5.0、10.0和20.0 μmol/L E-64处理牙本质粘接界面.每组制作20个微拉伸试件,其中10个置于37℃水储存24 h(老化处理前),另10个于37℃水储存3个月并行冷热循环3000次(老化处理后),分别测试各组试件老化处理前后的微拉伸强度(即粘接强度).扫描电镜观察试件断裂界面并分析断裂类型.结果 各组试件老化处理前的粘接强度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).而老化处理后,2.5、5.0、10.0、20.0 μmol/L组试件粘接强度分别为(18.7±2.7)、(20.8±3.4)、(18.3±2.8)和(19.1 ±2.7) Mpa,均高于空白对照组[(15.1 ±3.0)Mpa],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).除5.0 μmol/L组老化处理前后粘接强度差异无统计学意义外(P＞0.05),其他各组试件老化处理后的粘接强度均显著低于老化处理前(P＜0.05).扫描电镜观察显示老化处理后各组试件断裂界面破坏模式以界面破坏与混合破坏为主,各E-64组胶原纤维网均较空白对照组完整.结论 组织蛋白酶抑制剂E-64处理牙本质粘接界面可有效抑制牙本质与树脂粘接界面胶原纤维网的老化降解,提高牙本质与树脂的粘接耐久性.     

Ethanol-wet bonding may improve root dentine bonding performance of hydrophobic adhesive

Objectives

The current study aimed to assess ethanol-wet dentine surfaces by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and to evaluate the efficacy of ethanol-wet bonding on root dentine by determining the shear bond strength (SBS) and interfacial nanoleakage expression.

Methods

Flat dentine slices from human premolar roots were randomly grouped into five. All specimens were acid-etched, rinsed, and left moist. They were then treated with 100% ethanol for 0 s (control group), 20 s (Group 1), 60 s (Group 2), three 60 s periods (Group 3), or stepwise ethanol application (Group 4). After treatment, each group was bonded either with Adper™ Scotchbond™ Multi-Purpose (Scotchbond) or experimental hydrophobic adhesive. Nano-scale adhesion forces (Fad) were probed by AFM and analysed using one-way ANOVA. The SBS results were analysed using two-way ANOVA. Tukey's test was employed for multiple comparisons.

Results

Ethanol-wet protocols significantly decreased the value of Fad (p < 0.001). When bonded with Scotchbond, ethanol treatment did not affect the bond strength (p > 0.05), but decreased the interfacial nanoleakage. The SBS values of the groups bonded with hydrophobic adhesive varied with different ethanol-wet protocols (p < 0.05). Decreased nanoleakage was manifested in all experimental groups, except Group 1. Compared with the classical water-wet bonding with Scotchbond in the control group, Group 4 bonded with hydrophobic adhesive exhibited a significantly higher bond strength (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Ethanol-wet bonding using a stepwise ethanol application protocol may have potential benefits in the root dentine bonding of hydrophobic adhesive.     

Solvent content and dentin bond strengths using water-wet,ethanol-wet and deproteinization bonding techniques

Abstract

Objectives. To evaluate the impact of solvent content in two-step, etch-and-rinse adhesives on the dentin bond strengths obtained via water-wet, ethanol-wet or deproteinization techniques. Materials and methods. A model photocurable Bis-GMA/HEMA blend was diluted in ethanol (7.5, 15 or 30 mass%) or acetone (15, 30 or 60 mass%) (low, medium or high solvent content, respectively). Viscosity of the solutions was measured with an oscillatory viscometer and data analyzed using ANOVA on Ranks (5%). Dentin bond strengths were evaluated using microshear bond test. After acid-etching and rinsing, the dentin was kept wet (water-wet), treated with ascending ethanol concentrations (ethanol-wet) or with 10% NaOCl solution (deproteinization). Composite cylinders built-up on the surfaces for the microshear test. Data from each bonding technique were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Fisher's LSD method (5%). Failure modes were classified under magnification and data analyzed using chi-square tests (5%). Results. Viscosity of ethanol-based agents was remarkably higher than acetone solutions. For the water-wet technique, lower bond strength was observed for the low compared with medium and high ethanol contents. For the ethanol-wet technique, the bond strength for both solvents types was low < medium = high solvent content. For the deproteinization technique, no significant differences were observed among groups. Significant differences in failure modes were observed between the bonding techniques. The ethanol-wet technique had more adhesive failures, whereas the other techniques showed a predominance of mixed failures. Conclusions. The solvent content may interfere with the dentin bond strengths for the conventional and ethanol bonding techniques.     

Influence of proanthocyanidins combined with ethanol-wet bonding on the bonding quality of fibre posts to root dentine

This study evaluated the influence of a bonding approach using proanthocyanidins (PAs) combined with ethanol-wet bonding (EWB) and a hydrophobic adhesive on the bonding quality of fibre posts. After endodontic treatment and post-space preparation, 72 single-rooted extracted human teeth were etched, thoroughly rinsed, and then treated using the following procedures (n = 24 teeth per group): group 1, no pretreatment; group 2, pretreatment with absolute ethanol three times, for 30 s each time; or group 3, pretreatment with absolute ethanol solution containing 5% PAs three times, for 30 s each time. Six teeth per group were dried according to a dry and a wet drying protocol and then observed using field emission-scanning electron microscopy. The remaining 18 teeth in each group were cemented with fibre posts: All-Bond 3 and Duo-Link cement were used for group 1; and hydrophobic adhesive and Duo-Link cement were used for groups 2 and 3. Push-out bond strength, failure mode, and nanoleakage were evaluated immediately and after collagenase treatment. Higher push-out bond strength and less nanoleakage were observed in the two ethanol-pretreatment groups, regardless of storage conditions. Teeth pretreated with PAs + ethanol exhibited significantly higher push-out bond strength after collagenase treatment than did teeth pretreated with ethanol alone. Within the limits of this study, the bonding approach of PAs combined with EWB and a hydrophobic adhesive synergistically improved the durability of fibre post bonds.     

釉质-树脂-金属粘结系统粘结强度对比研究

目的　比较粘结剂的粘结强度以指导临床粘结桥修复治疗。方法　用三种粘结剂将 48颗离体牙与镍 -铬合金粘结 ,生理盐水中储存 72小时后测量抗拉及抗剪切粘结强度。结果　All-Bond 2的抗拉强度明显高于SuperbondC&B ,剪切向强度无明显差别。DM正畸釉质粘结剂的抗剪切强度最高 ,抗拉强度明显高于SuperbondC&B ,与All-Bond 2无明显差别。 结论　All-Bond 2的综合粘结效果好于SuperbondC&B ;DM釉质粘结剂粘结效果较好 ,建议临床使用     

乙醇润湿对牙本质粘接界面渗透性的影响

目的 研究牙本质疏水性粘接前乙醇润湿对粘接强度和粘接界面渗透性的影响,以期更好地为临床提供指导.方法 24颗无龋第三磨牙去除冠部釉质后暴露中层牙本质,利用随机数字表随机分成6个组(每组4颗).所有操作过程均在模拟髓腔压力的情况下进行,对照组采用全酸蚀粘接剂( Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose)粘接;4个实验组分别用无水乙醇润湿牙面20 s、1min、2 min、3min,1个实验组使用梯度乙醇润湿牙面,5个实验组采用实验室配制的疏水性粘接剂粘接.固化24h后进行微拉伸强度检测,计算粘接强度.荧光染料罗丹明B于牙髓腔中荷载3h后采用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察粘接界面的渗透情况.结果 与对照组相比,乙醇润湿20 s组和1min组粘接强度[(21.02±7.23) MPa和(29.64±3.81) MPa]均显著低于对照组[(38.14±4.97) MPa],差异有统计学意义(P＞0.05);而乙醇润湿2 min组[(38.40 ±5.03) MPa]、3min组[(37.26±4.68)MPa]和梯度乙醇润湿组[(40.12±5.95) MPa]的粘接强度与对照组接近,差异无统计学意义(P＜0.05).激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察显示,随着乙醇润湿时间的延长,荧光染料在混合层和牙本质小管侧壁的沉积逐渐减轻,其中梯度乙醇润湿组仅在混合层附近检测到少量荧光染料.结论 在模拟髓腔压力的情况下,2 min以上的乙醇润湿结合疏水性粘接剂可获得良好的粘接力,同时明显降低粘接界面的微渗透.     

Effect of chlorhexidine and ethanol-wet bonding with a hydrophobic adhesive to intraradicular dentine

Purpose

To evaluate the effect of adjunctive application of ethanol-wet bonding and chlorhexidine (CHX) with a hydrophobic adhesive on bond durability of fibre posts to intraradicular dentine.

Methods

Ninety-six extracted human teeth with a single root and root canal were prepared for post placement after endodontic treatment. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 24) after etching and rinsing for rewetting: Group 1: water-wet bonding, Group 2: water-wet bonding with CHX, Group 3: ethanol-wet bonding and Group 4: ethanol-wet bonding with CHX. Teeth in Groups 1 and 2 were treated with either distilled water or distilled water with 2% CHX for 60 s; while teeth in Groups 3 and 4 were treated with either 100% ethanol or 100% ethanol with 2% CHX. Two coats of primer, followed by neat resin were applied and light-cured for 40 s. Fibre posts were luted to bonded root dentine using dual-cure resin cement. Bonded roots were subjected to push-out bond strength testing and interfacial nanoleakage evaluation after 24 h, 6 and 12 months of storage. Data were analyzed using 3-way ANOVA (rewetting solutions, time and post space regions) and SNK tests.

Results

Groups 3 and 4 showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher bond strengths and lower nanoleakage than Groups 1 and 2 after 12 months of ageing. Addition of 2% chlorhexidine to ethanol-wet bonding with a hydrophobic adhesive did not further improve the bonding of a fibre post to intraradicular dentine, when compared to ethanol-wet bonding alone after 12 months of ageing.

Clinical significance

Ethanol-wet bonding with a hydrophobic adhesive alone could improve the bond durability of fibre post to intraradicular dentine and therefore would increase the success rate of post and core restorations of endodontically treated teeth.     

Push-out bond strength and SEM evaluation of a new bonding approach into the root canal

Objective

This study evaluated the performance of different adhesive systems in fiber post placement aiming to clarify the influence of different hydrophobic experimental blend adhesives, and of one commercially available adhesive on the frictional retention during a luting procedure.

Material and Methods

One luting agent (70 Wt% BisGMA, 28.5% TEGDMA; 1.5% p-tolyldiethanolamine) to cement fiber posts into root canals was applied with 4 different adhesive combinations: Group 1: The etched roots were rinsed with water for 30 s to remove the phosphoric acid, then rinsed with 99.6% ethanol for 30 s, and blotdried. A trial adhesive (base to catalyst on a 1:1 ratio) was used with an experimental luting agent (35% Bis-GMA, 14.37% TeGDMA, 0.5% eDMAB, 0.13% CQ); Group 2: A trial adhesive (base to catalyst on a 1:2 ratio) was luted as in Group 1; Group 3: One-Step Plus (OSP, Bisco Inc.) following the ethanol bonding technique in combination with the luting agent as in Group 1; Group 4: OSP strictly following the manufacturer''s instructions using the luting agent as in Group 1. The groups were challenged with push-out tests. Posted root slices were loaded until post segment extrusion in the apical-coronal direction. Failure modes were analyzed under scanning electron microscopy.

Results

Push-out strength was not significantly influenced by the luting agent (p>0.05). No statistically significant differences among the tested groups were found as Group 1 (exp 1 - ethanol-wet bonding technique)=Group 2 (exp 2 - ethanol-wet bonding technique)=Group 3 (OSP - ethanol-wet bonding technique)=Group 4 (control, OSP - water-wet bonding technique) (p>0.05). The dominating failure modes in all the groups were cohesive/adhesive failures, which were predominantly observed on the post/luting agent interface.

Conclusions

The results of this study support the hypothesis that the proposal to replace water with ethanol to bond fiber posts to the root canal using highly hydrophobic resin is plausible, but this seems to be more the proof of a concept than a clinically applicable procedure.     

Effect of ethanol-wet bonding with hydrophobic adhesive on caries-affected dentine

Frequently encountered in clinical practice, caries-affected dentine (CAD) is the most challenging bonding substrate. This study evaluated the effect of ethanol-wet bonding with hydrophobic adhesive to sound dentine and to CAD. In the control groups, prepared sound dentine and CAD were bonded with Adper Single Bond 2 using a traditional water-wet bonding technique. In the experimental groups, the specimens were treated as follows: Group 1, rinsed with stepwise ethanol dehydration; Group 2, immersion in 100% ethanol, three times, for 20 s each time; and Group 3, immersion in 100% ethanol for 20 s. Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) testing was used to evaluate the effects of the different protocols on bonding. The microhardness of debonded dentine surfaces was measured to ensure the presence of CAD. Interfacial nanoleakage was evaluated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Treatment significantly improved the μTBS in CAD in Groups 1 and 2, but had no effect on Group 3. Conversely, treatment significantly reduced the μTBS in sound dentine in Groups 2 and 3, but had no effect in Group 1. The presence of nanoleakage varied with the ethanol-wet protocol used. In conclusion, ethanol-wet bonding can potentially improve bond efficacy to CAD when an appropriate protocol is used.