肛门直肠畸形术后排尿功能障碍的评价和治疗

目的 评价肛门直肠畸形术后排尿功能障碍的原因及治疗对策.方法 肛门直肠畸形术后患儿10例,男7例,女3例,年龄1～12岁.肛门闭锁直肠尿道球部瘘4例,肛门闭锁直肠尿道前列腺部瘘3例,泄殖腔畸形1例(共同管＜3 cm),肛门闭锁并球形结肠1例,肛门闭锁直肠前庭瘘1例.10例患儿均有排尿困难,其中3例伴有尿失禁.MRI显示2例合并脊髓栓系.排泄行膀胱尿道造影显示3例合并左侧输尿管Ⅳ°反流及肾积水,其中1例存在后尿道憩室,无1例发现尿道狭窄.尿动力学检查显示9例膀胱容量及残余尿增加,充盈期逼尿肌压正常,无逼尿肌过度活动,尿流率下降,其中8例逼尿肌收缩力下降,1例逼尿肌收缩力正常.另外1例直肠前庭瘘合并脊髓栓系患儿膀胱容量减少、残余尿增多、尿流率下降,充盈期逼尿肌压升高,合并逼尿肌过度活动.直肠尿道瘘合并后尿道憩室患儿行后矢状入路尿道憩室切除,泄殖腔畸形和直肠尿道前列腺部瘘术后合并输尿管反流患儿行左侧输尿管再植,8例合并神经性膀胱的患儿坚持清洁间歇导尿.结果 随访6个月～5年,泄殖腔畸形患儿1年后仍存在左侧输尿管反流及肾积水,直肠尿道球部瘘合并尿道憩室患儿输尿管反流及肾积水消失,无排尿困难及残余尿,直肠尿道前列腺部瘘合并左侧输尿管Ⅳ°反流及肾积水患儿输尿管反流消失,仍需间歇导尿,其余7例患儿无1例出现上尿路损害.结论 肛门直肠畸形合并脊髓发育不良及手术损伤可导致神经性膀胱.术中直肠尿道瘘处理不当可能导致尿道憩室或尿道狭窄.清洁间歇导尿是神经性膀胱的首要治疗方法,对于后尿道憩室可行尿道憩室切除术.     

前尿道瓣膜切除术后膀胱功能异常与上尿路损害的关系

目的探讨前尿道瓣膜切除术后造成上尿路持续损害的尿动力学危险因素。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2020年1月26例前尿道瓣膜切除术后患儿的临床资料,平均年龄3.4岁(5个月至14岁)。瓣膜切除术后4个月至12.5年,平均5.5年。患儿术后均进行尿动力学检查。手术前后均进行血生化(包括尿素氮、肌酐)检查、泌尿系统B超检查、静脉肾脏造影(intravenous pyelography,IVP)和排尿性膀胱尿道造影(voiding cystourethrogram,VCUG)。比较瓣膜切除前后肾和输尿管积水以及膀胱输尿管反流情况,分析造成前尿道瓣膜术后上尿路持续损害的危险因素。结果前尿道瓣膜切除手术前肾和输尿管积水患儿共15例24侧,占57.7%(15/26);膀胱输尿管反流8例11侧,占30.8%(8/26)。瓣膜切除术后有5例7侧肾和输尿管积水消失,占19.2%(5/26);2例3侧膀胱输尿管反流消失。瓣膜切除术后肾和输尿管积水患儿共10例17侧,占38.5%(10/26);膀胱输尿管反流6例8侧,占23.1%(6/26)。有7例11侧肾和输尿管积水较术前加重,占26.9%(7/26),其中4例6侧膀胱输尿管反流较术前加重。根据术后肾和输尿管积水以及膀胱输尿管反流恢复情况,分为上尿路损害加重组(7例)和上尿路损害减轻或消失组(19例)。行瓣膜切除术后尿动力学检查发现,在上尿路损害加重组7例患儿中,压力流率图显示5例依然存在下尿路梗阻或可疑梗阻。上尿路损害减轻或消失组19例患儿压力流率图均显示无梗阻(P<0.05);两组最大尿流率平均值、膀胱顺应性、排尿期最大逼尿肌压力值差异均存在统计学意义(P<0.05);上尿路损害加重组中5例动态VUCG显示排尿时膀胱颈全程开放不全,行膀胱尿道镜检查发现3例膀胱壁增厚,呈小梁样改变和膀胱假性憩室形成,尤其膀胱基底以及膀胱内口附近组织明显增厚。结论前尿道瓣膜是一种罕见的下尿路梗阻性疾病,瓣膜切除之后上尿路损害仍然会持续存在或加重,可能与患儿异常的膀胱功能有关。排尿期最大逼尿肌压力升高、最大尿流率低、膀胱顺应性低以及压力流率图显示梗阻仍存在是导致膀胱功能异常的尿动力学危险因素,可能与前尿道瓣膜患儿同时存在膀胱颈部功能与结构的异常有关。     

前尿道瓣膜并憩室6例

目的探讨前尿道瓣膜并憩室早期发现和治疗的最佳方法。方法对6例前尿道瓣膜并憩室患儿采用排泄性膀胱尿道造影和静脉尿路造影进行诊断。确诊患儿行前尿道憩室切除术及尿漏修补术。肾功能不全或电解质紊乱者需先置尿管引流,改善全身情况。结果6例患儿均经手术治愈,排尿通畅,但均留有不同程度的后遗症状。结论前尿道憩室临床较少见,与后尿道瓣膜一样后遗症状严重,早期诊断与治疗疗效较好。     

后尿道瓣膜切除术后尿动力学研究

目的探讨后尿道瓣膜患儿行经尿道镜瓣膜切除术后的尿动力学改变.方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2008年12月本院收治的17例因后尿道瓣膜经尿道镜瓣膜切除术患儿的临床资料.均采取问卷调查、排尿性膀胱尿道造影、静脉肾盂造影、泌尿系超声、尿动力学检查等进行随访,重点分析尿动力学检查结果.结果诊断时常见症状排序依次为排尿困难、泌尿系感染症状、尿失禁等.术前发现肾积水17例,膀胱输尿管反流9例.均行经尿道镜瓣膜切除术.平均随访时间27(15～40)个月.临床症状均消失或减轻,无尿道狭窄、尿道瘘,造影检查提示解剖性梗阻均已解除,9例肾积水较前好转;8例存在膀胱输尿管反流.16例(94.1%)存在尿动力学异常,7例(41.2%)表现为膀胱顺应性降低,平均最大逼尿肌压力降低,逼尿肌不稳定;7例(41.2%)表现为残余尿增多.8例(47.1%)膀胱容量低于同年龄正常预测值的80%.结论后尿道瓣膜切除术后膀胱功能异常仍然存在,尿动力学检查能及时发现膀胱功能损害及其程度,建议PUV患儿术后定期行尿动力学检查,以了解膀胱功能,保护上尿路.     

经尿道瓣膜切开手术对后尿道瓣膜合并膀胱输尿管反流的影响

目的探讨经尿道瓣膜切开手术后后尿道瓣膜合并膀胱输尿管反流及肾积水的变化情况。方法回顾性分析首都医科大学北京儿童医院2010年1月至2016年1月收治的19例后尿道瓣膜合并膀胱输尿管反流患儿的临床资料。患儿年龄6～182个月,平均(27.4±7.2)个月;单侧反流12例,双侧反流7例;均行经尿道瓣膜切除术。分析患儿术前、术后6个月及术后1年肾盂前后径、输尿管宽度、肾实质厚度及膀胱输尿管反流程度的变化情况。结果 19例术后随访13～84个月,平均(38. 8±9. 8)个月;与术前相比,患儿术后1年肾盂前后径及输尿管宽度变小,肾实质厚度增加(P0.05);术后1年膀胱输尿管反流消退比例为68.4%(13/19),术后6个月轻度反流和重度反流改善率分别为40%和36. 3%,术后1年分别为53.3%和45.4%。对6例瓣膜切开术后仍有持续反流的患儿行尿动力学检查,其中4例表现为逼尿肌不稳定,3例表现为膀胱顺应性差。结论经尿道瓣膜切开手术可以改善后尿道瓣膜所致的膀胱输尿管反流及肾积水,对于后尿道瓣膜切开术后反流仍持续或加重的患儿建议行尿动力学检查,并随访膀胱功能。     

膀胱颈折叠成形术治疗女童短尿道畸形所致尿失禁8例

目的探讨膀胱颈折叠成形术治疗女童短尿道畸形所致压力性尿失禁的临床经验和疗效。方法对本院从2008年5月至2011年2月因尿失禁收治的8例女童施行膀胱颈折叠成形术。8例患儿中,包括先天性短尿道畸形6例,1例合并先天性直肠肛门畸形术后,尿道开口发育差,位置偏后汐p伤性尿道阴道瘘、尿道会师术后尿失禁1例,先天性短尿道畸形合并右侧异位发育不良肾、异位输尿管口1例。结果8例患儿手术顺利,恢复良好,术后12～14d出院。术后1个月、3个月、6个月门诊随访,6例控尿满意,元尿失禁、排尿困难、尿路感染等并发症,1例（先天性短尿道畸形合并右侧异位发育不良肾、异位输尿管E1）术后存在尿失禁,1例（先天性短尿道畸形合并先天性直肠肛门畸形术后）存在部分性尿失禁。8例术后彩超提示膀胱元残余尿、无肾盂积水、膀胱结石等。结论短尿道畸形是女性尿失禁的原因之一,严重影响患儿日常生活,膀胱颈折叠术对短尿道畸形所致尿失禁疗效满意,术式简单安全,并发症少,值得临床推广。     

“管中管”在尿道手术中的运用体会

1999年以来 ,我院对先天性尿道下裂 ,尿道手术后瘢痕、狭窄、缺损行尿道成形术及尿瘘修补术等 ,5 7例患儿不做耻骨上膀胱造瘘的尿流改道的手术 ,而是采用”管中管”引流膀胱尿液 ,取得非常满意的疗效 ,报告如下。一、临床资料1.一般资料　本组年龄 1岁 9个月～ 14岁。尿道瘢痕、狭窄松解后致尿道缺损 ,施行尿道成形术 4例。其中 1例缺损长度达 2 .6ｃｍ。尿瘘修补术 7例 ,瘘孔最长的达 1.2ｃｍ ,有 1例患儿有瘘口 3处。先天性尿道下裂行尿道成形术 46例。表 1　 46例尿道下裂的手术方法手术方法尿道下裂类型 (例数 )阴茎体型阴茎阴囊类型 会…     

阴囊中缝带蒂皮瓣转移覆盖在尿道下裂多次手术皮肤缺损患儿中的应用

目的分析重度尿道下裂多次手术皮肤缺损患儿采用口腔黏膜镶嵌式尿道成形阴囊中缝带蒂皮瓣转移覆盖术的治疗效果。方法收集2013年10月至2016年10月间入住本院的16例尿道下裂手术治疗失败需再次手术病例,年龄4~13岁,平均年龄7.5岁。尿道重塑均采用口腔黏膜镶嵌尿道成形术,再游离阴囊中缝带蒂皮瓣将之转移至阴茎腹侧创区皮肤缺损处,均顺利完成手术。结果16例患儿术后均通过电话预约门诊复查完成随访,随访时间12~24个月,平均随访时间为15个月。患儿阴囊中缝转移皮瓣均成活,排尿顺畅,尿道外口位置良好,无尿道憩室和尿道瘘发生,阴茎阴囊外观患儿家长满意。结论多次进行手术修补失败的尿道下裂患儿采用口腔黏膜镶嵌尿道成形术重塑尿道后联合阴囊中缝带蒂皮瓣转移覆盖术治疗,术后患儿阴茎阴囊外观满意,无尿道憩室尿道瘘发生,疗效满意,治愈率高,值得临床推广应用。     

分期改良Koyanagi术在重型尿道下裂治疗中的应用

目的探讨尿道板重建分期卷管尿道成形术（改良Koyanagi术）在重型尿道下裂矫治中的应用。方法回顾性分析2006年6月至2011年5月作者采用改良Koyanagi术治疗的15例重型尿道下裂患儿临床资料。年龄2岁11个月至6岁,平均3岁9个月。均于1年前行阴茎下曲矫正、尿道板重建术。入院后采取改良Koyanagi术,并与同期重型尿道下裂一期Duplay＋Duckett尿道成形术进行比较,术后随访7—24个月。结果15例患儿中,13例治愈,2例发生尿瘘,经尿瘘修补术治愈。无尿道狭窄。同期行Duplay＋Duckett尿道成形术14例,治愈10例,尿瘘3例,尿道狭窄1例。两种手术方法的成功率比较无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论尿道板重建分期卷管尿道成形术治疗重型尿道下裂,虽然需分期手术,但手术方法相对简单,容易掌握,并发症少,不易发生尿道狭窄。     

先天性前尿道瓣膜及憩室对上尿路损害的研究

目的 比较先天性前尿道瓣膜及憩室对上尿路的损害,分析二者是否同一疾病不同表现的可能,并了解其对上尿路的损害.方法 回顾性分析本院1990年1月至2009年12月收治的先天性前尿道瓣膜（52例）及憩室（26例）患儿临床资料,比较其临床表现、手术方式及术后恢复情况.两组间率的比较采用x2检验,P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 20例（38.5%）前尿道瓣膜患儿及38例（30.8%）前尿道憩室患儿存在不同程度膀胱输尿管返流,前者20例（38.5%）及后者12例（46.2%）存在上尿路积水.两组在输尿管反流发生率及程度、上尿路积水方面比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.前尿道瓣膜患儿存在膀胱憩室和（或）成小梁改变者明显多于前尿道憩室患儿（P＜0.05）.11例前尿道瓣膜及6例前尿道憩室患儿接受了2次或2次以上手术,其中5例行膀胱输尿管再植抗反流.存在输尿管反流的11例前尿道瓣膜和4例憩室患儿获随访,随访时反流消失或不超过3级.结论 本研究中,前尿道瓣膜和憩窒患儿上尿路积水和膀胱输尿管反流情况无明显差异,支持二者是同一疾病不同表现形式的判断.对于存在膀胱输尿管反流的患儿,当下尿路梗阻解除后,若反流仍达4级以上,可以考虑采取抗反流手术.     

Anterior urethral valves: an uncommon cause of obstructive uropathy in children

PurposeAnterior urethral valves (AUV) are rare entities generally described in case reports. They are an uncommon cause of lower urinary tract obstruction in children and can be difficult to diagnose. In the present study, we present our experience in four children with AUV along with a literature review.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively identified four children with AUV presented between 1998 and 2005 at age 4–9 years.ResultsHematuria, urinary tract infection and weak voiding stream were the most common symptoms. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) confirmed the diagnosis of AUV. On cystourethroscopy, cusp-like valves in the anterior urethra were seen in all children. Transurethral endoscopic resection of the valves was carried out in three children using a pediatric resectoscope. In one child with a massive anterior urethral diverticulum, open resection of the valve, diverticulectomy and urethroplasty were performed. All patients were cured, none had complications as a result of surgery, and all reported a normal urinary stream at follow-up.ConclusionsChildren with poor stream and recurrent infections should be evaluated carefully and anterior urethral valves should be considered in differential diagnosis of obstructive lesions.     

Congenital Anterior Urethral Diverticulum and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection

A patient with congenital anterior urethral diverticulum is described. He showed recrent lower urinary tract infection, but he did not have severe upper urinary tract abnormalities. One-stage resection and urethroplasty were successfully performed before the upper urinary tract change developed. Anterior urethral diverticulum should be considered as a cause of recurrent lower urinary tract infection in young children.     

前尿道板加游离包皮内板尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂

目的探讨前尿道板加游离包皮内板尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂的疗效。方法总结分析2002年1月～2004年6月对12例尿道下裂患儿实行的前尿道板加游离包皮内板尿道成形术的治疗经验。结果全部12例患儿阴茎外观满意。尿道口位置正常，仅有1例出现尿瘘，未发现尿道狭窄病例。结论对于远端尿道板薄弱同时合并明显阴茎下曲的尿道下裂患儿如行常规游离包皮内板尿道成形则原系带处保留的皮桥过薄，容易发生尿瘘且有部分患儿出现术后尿道口回缩，前尿道板加游离包皮内板尿道成形是一种较好的手术治疗方法，阴茎伸直充分且可保证尿道开口于正常位置。尤其适用于阴茎及阴茎头发育良好的患儿。     

Anterior urethral valves without diverticulae: A report of two cases and a review of the literature

Two unusual cases of anterior urethral valves (AUV) without diverticulae are presented. The first case is a male child born with prenatal diagnosis of bilateral hydronephrosis. On cystoscopy, iris‐like diaphragm valves were encountered about 3 mm distal to the skeletal sphincter. In the second case, an 18‐month‐old male child was investigated for recurrent febrile urinary tract infections and obstructed urinary symptoms. Cystoscopy confirmed the presence of slit‐like valves 5 mm distal to the skeletal sphincter. Fulguration of the AUVs was performed in both cases. It may be worthwhile to review all cases of anterior urethral obstruction collectively and re‐categorize them appropriately to include the unusual AUVs without diverticulum in that classification.     

Post-traumatic posterior urethral stricture in children: how to achieve a successful repair

ObjectiveComplex post-traumatic posterior urethral strictures in children constitute a major challenge to the pediatric urologist. Surgical repair depends primarily on the length of the urethral obliteration. Resection with end-to-end anastomosis is the usual procedure in the face of a short segment stricture. Transpubic urethroplasty and substitution urethroplasty are currently used to treat extensive and complex urethral strictures. We present our experience of the management of children presenting with post-traumatic posterior urethral stricture.Patients and methodsFifty boys with a mean age of 9 years (6–13) with obliterative urethral stricture were operated on during May 1999 to August 2006. Short posterior urethral stricture was treated by excision and end-to-end anastomotic urethroplasty in 40 boys. Long posterior urethral stricture was managed by combined inferior pubectomy in three, transpubic urethroplasty in four and tubed penile fasciocutaneous flap in three.ResultsWith a mean follow-up of 4.5 years (6 months–7 years), all children who underwent perineal anastomotic urethroplasty were successfully repaired. Transpubic urethroplasty was associated with a re-stricture in one child 6 years following the repair. In the group repaired by tubed fasciocutaneous flap, we encountered a distal anastomotic stricture accompanied by a huge proximal diverticulum which needed revision in one child, and another diverticulum with multiple stones in another who was treated successfully.ConclusionAnastomotic urethroplasty in children is feasible with good results. Proper evaluation is needed to choose the best surgical technique for each patient. Tubed fasciocutaneous flap carries the highest complication rate.     

儿童复杂性尿道狭窄的治疗

目的 探讨儿童复杂性尿道狭窄手术方法的选择及成功的关键。方法 25例复杂性尿道狭窄采用不同的手术方法治疗30次，其中采用口腔粘膜管状重建尿道3例。口腔粘膜补片尿道成形3例；经耻骨径路尿道端端吻合11例，膀胱壁瓣尿道成形2例；经会阴径路尿道端端吻合8例；双阴唇带蒂皮瓣Ⅰ期尿道成形2例；带蒂包皮内板Ⅰ期尿道成形1例。结果 术后随访2-36个月。平均18.5个月。一次手术后排尿通畅20例。术后效果不佳5例。经再次手术后排尿通畅4例。结论 儿童尿道狭窄手术方法的选择应根据尿道狭窄段的长短，位置选择合适的术式；口腔粘膜具有取材方便。创伤小，有较强的抗感染力的优点，是一种较好的尿道替代物。     

Congenital anterior urethral diverticulum in children

Congenital anterior urethral diverticulum (CAUD) is an uncommon condition in children usually presenting as a fluctuant ventral penile swelling. Retrospective data of nine patients with CAUD were analyzed. Patients presented with penile swelling (n=7), recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) (n=5), and poor urinary stream (n=2). One patient who had gross pyuria was treated with initial marsupialization of the diverticulum and later underwent a definitive surgical procedure. One had deranged renal function, grade IV vesicourethral reflux (VUR), and UTI and was treated with initial urinary diversion followed later by excision of the diverticulum and urethral reconstruction. Of the seven patients who underwent primary repair of the diverticulum, all except one had a normal urethrogram on follow-up. One patient developed a stricture of the urethra that was treated with dilatations and is presently asymptomatic. In the two patients who had bilateral VUR, one grade III and the other grade IV, preoperatively, the reflux subsided and did not require antireflux surgery. Only one patient is on low-dose urinary antibiotic prophylaxis and presently has grade II reflux. Primary excision and repair is the preferred mode of treatment for CAUD. CAUD producing obstructive uropathy and VUR can be managed conservatively. In the presence of gross pyuria, marsupialization of the diverticulum followed by definitive surgery at a later date is safe and recommended. Accepted: 9 March 2000     

小儿先天性尿道憩室

男孩先天性尿道憩室５例，其中囊状憩室１例，球形憩室４例。对本症发病、症状、诊断及治疗作了讨论。认为切除憩室修补尿道的手术治疗为好；憩室发炎或穿孔时宜先作造瘘，待炎症消退后再作根治术。     

Blunt pediatric anterior and posterior urethral trauma: 32-year experience and outcomes

ObjectiveTo analyze our experience with delayed repair of pediatric urethral trauma.Materials and methodsFrom 1978 to 2007, 26 boys <18 years old (mean age 15.0) presented for delayed repair of urethral stricture after blunt trauma. Anterior and posterior urethral injuries were separately stratified.ResultsThere were 8 anterior and 18 posterior urethral strictures. All patients presented in a delayed fashion. Mean follow up of the anterior cohort was 2.9 years. All repairs were performed via a ventral onlay buccal graft or anastomotic approach. The mean follow up of the posterior cohort was 1.1 years, and all posterior urethral injuries were repaired via an anastomotic approach.Overall success for anterior stricture disease was 88.9% and for posterior stricture disease was 89.5%. All three urethroplasty failures responded favorably to internal urethrotomy; however, one failed anterior repair and one of the two failed posterior repairs required two internal urethrotomy operations for success. No secondary urethroplasty operations were required and ultimately all patients were voiding per urethra without need for urethral dilation.ConclusionDelayed, definitive repair of pediatric urethral trauma via open urethroplasty has a high success rate.     

经内镜电灼术治疗小儿后尿道瓣膜症

目的 探讨内镜电灼术治疗小儿后尿道瓣膜的临床效果.方法 对45例经内镜电灼术治疗后的小儿后尿道瓣膜进行回顾性分析.本组病例均为男性,年龄2周～15岁,中位年龄3岁.婴幼儿用6/7.5F输尿管镜或9F膀胱尿道镜和Bugbee针状电极,大龄儿用12F或13F膀胱镜和钩状电极,在尿道的5点、7点和12点处电灼后尿道瓣膜.术后长期随访.结果 根据Young分型,本组患儿中I型44例,Ⅲ型1例,术中顺利,术后排尿通畅度改善(尿线明显增粗,最大尿流率均在16.50 ml/s以上),血肌酐水平恢复正常,尿白细胞消失,肾积水程度均不同程度减轻(35例肾积水患儿中12例轻度肾积水消失,16例中度肾积水转为轻度肾积水,7例重度肾积水转为中度肾积水),膀胱输尿管反流程度较术前均有明显改善(29例膀胱输尿管反流的患儿中16例患儿反流消失,6例反流程度由术前Ⅱ度转为Ⅰ度,4例患儿由术前Ⅳ度转为Ⅱ度,3例患儿由术前V度转为Ⅲ度).结论 内镜下电灼术治疗后尿道瓣膜症是一种可行的方法,疗效确切,术后并发症少,预后好.针状电极可明显减少尿道狭窄的发生率.

Abstract：

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of endoscopic ablation of posterior urethral valves. Methods We retrospectively reviewed a database of 45 patients with PUV treated by endoscopic valve ablation. In this study, all patients were diagnosed at the age of 3 years (range: 2 weeks to 15 years). 6/7. 5F ureteroscopy and 9F cystoscopy with needle electrode were used in infants,whereas 12F or 13F cystoscopy and hook electrode were used in older children.The valves were ablated mainly at the 5,7 and 12 o'clock positions. The patients were followed up after surgery. Results Based on Young's classification, there were 44 type Ⅰ and 1 type Ⅲ PUV in this study. Urine line became thicker, the maximum flow rate can be achieved more than 16. 50 ml/s. Serum creatinine returned to normal and white blood cells in urine disappeared. The degree of dilatation of hydronephrosis relieved (among 35 hydronephrosis patients, 12 cases disappeared, 16 mild hydronephrosis to moderate hydronephrosis and 7 severe hydronephrosis to moderate hydronephrosis). Compared to preoperation.vesicoureteral reflux had a significantly improved (among 29 cases, 16 reflux disappeared,6 grade Ⅱ to grade I ,4 grade Ⅳ to Ⅱ and 3 grade Ⅴ to grade Ⅲ ). Conclusions Endoscopic ablation in treating pediatric posterior urethral valves seems to be safe and is associated with low rate of postoperative complications. Needle electrode can reduce the rate of urethral stricture.