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椎管内原发肿瘤的手术治疗 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
目的:探讨椎管内原发肿瘤的临床诊断和手术治疗效果。方法:总结我院2002年2月~2005年10月收治的30例椎管内原发肿瘤患者的临床表现、影像学资料、手术方式以及手术前后患者脊髓神经功能改善的情况。结果:椎管内原发肿瘤患者主要临床表现为腰背痛、四肢感觉异常、运动和括约肌功能障碍。MRI均显示椎管内占位,脊髓有受压征象。均行手术治疗,21例患者肿瘤完整切除,9例大部切除。术后均经病理证实为椎管内良性肿瘤,其中神经鞘瘤15例,神经纤维瘤10例,脊膜瘤5例。除1例术后出现不完全瘫痪外,其他患者术后临床症状及神经功能均有明显恢复。结论:影像学检查对椎管内原发肿瘤有较高的检出率,MRI检查对明确病变性质和部位有重要意义,最终确诊依赖于病理诊断。椎管内原发肿瘤如能早期发现、诊断和手术治疗,临床效果好。 相似文献
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目的 探讨高位颈段椎管内肿瘤显微手术技巧和疗效。方法 1990年1月~2005年12月,采用后正中入路显微手术治疗81例高位颈段椎管内肿瘤。髓外硬脊膜下及硬膜外肿瘤神经纤维瘤、神经鞘瘤73例,脊膜瘤3例全切除;室管膜瘤3例全切除,星形细胞瘤2例行大部分切除。结果 按George等的评估方法:术后恢复良好75例,症状改善4例,2例无明显改善,无死亡。52例随访3个月~3年,(8.5±1.5)月。15例术后3个月MR检查未见肿瘤残存或复发;32例术后6个月颈椎正侧位及张口位片检查未见脊柱骨性结构变形,脊柱稳定性好。髓内肿瘤复发3例。结论 高位颈段椎管内肿瘤一旦诊断明确,应尽早显微手术。应用显微操作,重视微创原则,保护重要组织,维持或重建脊柱稳定,高位颈段椎管内肿瘤手术可获得良好效果。 相似文献
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目的探讨显微手术切除高颈段椎管哑铃型肿瘤及椎管固定融合的方法及效果。方法回顾性分析11例高颈段椎管哑铃型肿瘤患者的临床资料,其中ToyamaⅡ型6例,Ⅲ型4例,Ⅴ型1例。均行显微手术切除,其中远外侧入路3例,颈后正中入路8例。同时行椎管固定融合6例。结果本组全切10例,次全切除1例。术后病理学诊断为神经纤维瘤9例,脊膜瘤2例。术后症状明显改善9例,改善2例,无感染及死亡病例。随访10例,平均时间27个月(3个月~3年),患者的症状和神经功能均有不同程度的改善,无颈椎不稳及后凸畸形。结论高颈段椎管哑铃型肿瘤显微手术切除并椎管固定融合能明显改善症状,安全性好,并发症少。 相似文献
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椎管内脊膜瘤的诊断及手术治疗:———附42例报告 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:回顾性研究42例脊椎管内脊膜瘤的临床表现、诊断及手术治疗效果。方法:分别对椎管内脊膜瘤的部位、类型、临床表现、影像学特征和手术治疗方法进行描述。结果:39例肿瘤全部切除,3例大部切除,术后随访3月~6年,3例复发再手术,1例术后症状加重,1例术后发生肺部感染。手术优良率达9048%。结论:根据临床表现、影像学特征结合病理检查能确立诊断,手术治疗是行之有效的治疗方法 相似文献
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目的:总结手术治疗肿瘤的经验。方法:回顾性总结了我院过去10年来对21例椎管内肿瘤的手术疗效结果。结果:本组21例椎管内肿瘤,其中椎管内硬膜外肿瘤4例,硬脊膜下髓外肿瘤15例,髓内肿瘤2例;颈段5例,胸段10例,腰段6例;术后病理分型脊膜瘤7例,神经鞘瘤9例,星形细胞瘤2例,转移瘤3例。21例中有11例行磁共振检查后再行显微外科手术切除肿瘤,其中10例为全切除,1例为次全切除,出院时症状均大大改善。结论:椎管内肿瘤以良性居多,手术治疗效果好。MRI检查及显微外科手术的应用是提高治疗效果的关键。 相似文献
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目的探讨后路椎板切除手术治疗脊柱椎管内神经鞘瘤的临床疗效。方法 35例椎管内神经鞘瘤患者,颈段6例,胸段10例,腰骶段19例。4例位于脊髓髓内,21例位于髓外硬膜下,10例位于硬膜外,其中呈哑铃状8例。均行后路椎板切除手术治疗,其中9例肿瘤及带瘤神经根因不能分离或神经根变形坏死而一并切除,28例采用脊柱椎弓根或侧块内固定。术后随访观察临床疗效,复查X线和CT观察脊柱稳定性及植骨融合情况,复查MRI平扫+增强观察肿瘤有无复发。结果 35例患者肿瘤均被完整切除,术后病理结果证实均为神经鞘瘤。手术时间2~6小时,平均3. 6小时。术中出血量300~900 ml,平均450 ml。术后1例麻醉清醒后24小时内出现双下肢感觉、运动功能障碍,MRI未见明显血肿及脊髓压迫,考虑脊髓缺血再灌注损伤,及时予大剂量甲强龙激素冲击及脱水、营养神经治疗,症状明显改善。术后21例患者出现了不同程度的脑脊液漏。术后随访时间3~34个月,平均18. 2个月,所有患者的临床症状和神经功能均有明显改善,肿瘤无复发。随访期间,所有采用脊柱内固定术患者均未见椎体不稳的表现。结论后路椎板切除手术能有效治疗脊柱椎管内神经鞘瘤,结合显微镜技术能够更好地暴露及完全切除肿瘤,采用此方法治疗脊柱椎管内神经鞘瘤疗效满意。 相似文献
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目的:探讨后路椎板切除入路手术治疗椎管内神经鞘瘤的临床疗效。方法:我院2005年1月~2011年1月收治71例椎管内神经鞘瘤,男39例,女32例,年龄25~99岁,平均51.6岁;颈段22例,胸段24例,腰、骶段25例,3例肿瘤位于髓内,66例位于髓外硬膜下,2例位于硬膜外。均行后路椎板切除入路手术治疗,术中57例采用半椎板切除,6例行全椎板切除,2例行多节段半椎板切除,6例行半椎板联合患侧关节突关节切除以完全暴露肿瘤组织,切除肿瘤;其中载瘤神经根与肿瘤无法分离而一并切除者9例;14例行全椎板切除或多节段半椎板切除或半椎板联合患侧关节突切除者采用脊柱内固定及植骨融合术。术后随访8~70个月,观察临床疗效,复查X线片观察脊柱稳定性及植骨融合情况,复查MRI观察肿瘤有无复发。结果:手术时间2~6h,平均3.5h;术中出血量300~800ml,平均450ml。71例患者肿瘤均获完全切除,术后均经病理检查证实为神经鞘瘤。术中无脊髓神经损伤。术后12例患者出现不同程度脑脊液漏,4例患者出现脊髓缺血再灌注损伤,给予对症治疗后康复。随访期内(8~70个月)全部患者临床症状及神经功能均有明显改善,复查MRI未见肿瘤残留或复发。14例采用脊柱内固定及植骨融合术患者植骨融合,内固定稳定。随访期间所有患者未见椎体滑脱、失稳现象。结论:后路椎板切除入路能充分暴露肿瘤,有利于完全切除肿瘤,采用此入路手术治疗椎管内神经鞘瘤临床疗效满意。 相似文献
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Spinal meningioma generally responds favourably to surgical excision and has a low rate of recurrence. However, follow-up data on patients under 50 years of age are limited. We report a recurrence of intraspinal meningioma 18 years after the initial surgery in a 45-year-old woman. She presented with weakness in both lower limbs that had gradually progressed over the previous 8 months, and difficulty in walking for the last 2 months. She had no history of sensory loss or visceral involvement, but had undergone a major surgical intervention of the upper spine for a similar episode of weakness in both lower limbs 18 years earlier. She underwent a second surgery at the same site, and a greyish-white tumour was excised, which was histopathologically confirmed as recurrent psammomatous meningioma. The patient demonstrated complete neurological recovery in 8 months. 相似文献
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目的分析影响非典型脑膜瘤复发的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2013-01—2016-12间在郑州大学第一附属医院行手术治疗且经病理学证实的94例非典型脑膜瘤患者。通过多因素Cox回归分析方法评价影响术后复发的临床因素。结果94例患者发病年龄12~78岁,男∶女=1∶1.29。82例肿瘤全切除,12例肿瘤次全切除。所有患者术后随访11~66个月,中位时间36个月。其中行手术及辅助放疗43例,仅行手术治疗51例。其间31例肿瘤复发。1 a、3 a无进展生存率分别为87.2%、57.1%,1 a、3 a、5 a总生存率为98.2%、78.1%、73.4%。单因素分析表明年龄≥50岁、非原发性、位于颅底、脑侵犯、Ki67指数>10%及次全切除,与非典型脑膜瘤术后高复发率有关。多因素分析结果表明,年龄、脑侵犯、Ki67指数及切除程度是影响肿瘤复发的独立危险因素。结论非典型脑膜瘤具有高复发率和高病死率,年龄≥50岁、非原发性、位于颅底、脑侵犯、Ki67指数>10%及次全切除与非典型脑膜瘤术后高复发率有关,其中年龄、脑侵犯、Ki67指数及切除程度是影响肿瘤复发的独立危险因素。最大安全范围切除肿瘤是最主要的治疗措施,对于不完全切除的肿瘤和位于矢状窦旁或颅底的肿瘤推荐接受辅助放疗。 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: We retrospectively analyzed a series of patients harboring a FT meningioma with regard to clinical presentation, surgical technique, and follow-up results. METHODS: Clinical data in a consecutive series of 13 patients treated for a meningioma of the FT junction were retrospectively reviewed. Tumors were classified into 4 types according to their dural origin and tumor extent as depicted from preoperative MRI. RESULTS: Main presenting symptom in 9 women and 4 men (mean age, 56 years) was headache (69%) and gait disturbance (54%). Clinical examination revealed gait ataxia in 62% of the patients. The tumor displaced the vein of Galen inferiorly in 6 patients, superiorly in 2, and medially in 5 cases. The main surgical approach to the meningioma was via an occipital interhemispheric route (10 patients). Additional resection of the falx and/or incision of the tentorium was performed in 6 cases each. A complete resection (Simpson grade 1 and 2) was achieved in 85% of patients. Permanent surgical morbidity was 23%. One tumor recurrence in an atypical meningioma was observed after the mean follow-up period of 6.2 years (range, 1-14 years) with clinical and MRI examination and had to be reoperated. Eighty-five percent of the patients regained full daily activity on follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical approach should be tailored to the dural origin and extent of the tumor as depicted from preoperative MRI. Preservation of the straight sinus and Galenic venous system is recommended. 相似文献
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经单侧椎板"微孔"入路椎管内原发肿瘤的显微切除 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
目的 探讨椎管内原发肿瘤的微创治疗与脊柱功能保护的关系。方法 24例椎管内原发肿瘤位于颈段、胸段、腰段硬膜内或硬膜外腔,直径为0.9~3.0cm。精确定位下,根据肿瘤位置和大小情况,用磨钻磨开单侧椎板形成“微孔”,经此入路用显微手术全切除肿瘤。结果 经手术切除以及术后病理证实,神经纤维瘤、神经鞘瘤、脊膜瘤分别为9例、12例、3例,肿瘤全切除。术后3d均可转身运动,术后1周鼓励下床;无需要颈托、腰围等保护。术后3个月MR检查未见肿瘤残存或复发;随访6个月CT检查未见脊柱骨性结构变形。结论 单侧椎板“微孔”入路手术切除肿瘤彻底,是椎管内原发肿瘤的一种疗效较好的微创治疗方法。 相似文献
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手术切除治疗颈椎管内良性肿瘤的疗效观察 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的:探讨手术切除治疗颈椎管内良性肿瘤的方法及临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析自2001年至2005年经病理证实的颈椎管内良性肿瘤22例,男16例,女6例;年龄18~56岁,平均43.8岁。22例患者术前主要症状为颈部疼痛、四肢麻木无力、大小便失禁、锥体束征等。术前行X线、CT和MRI检查,诊为神经鞘瘤11例,神经纤维瘤4例,脊膜瘤3例,脂肪瘤和椎管内囊肿各2例。完全切除18例,切除60%以上3例,切除25%并取活检1例。11例Ⅰ期行颈椎稳定性重建。结果:22例均获得随访,时间6~84个月,平均12.5个月。复发并再手术2例。JOA评分:术前为(6.52±1.10)分,术后为(11.42±0.79)分,手术前后差异有统计学意义(t=35.38,P〈0.001)。手术改善率为(46.70±2.46)%,颈椎稳定性重建手术改善率为(62.37±3.58)%,其他手术方法的改善率(41.21±4.63)%。按JOA评定方法:优18例,良2例,中1例,差1例。结论:手术切除治疗颈椎管内良性肿瘤,术后复发率较低,肿瘤切除不全是复发的主要原因之一。MRI(MRA)是鉴别诊断、指导手术的有效影像学方法。 相似文献
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Surgical resection and permanent brachytherapy for recurrent atypical and malignant meningioma 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
OBJECTIVE: Recurrent atypical and malignant meningiomas are difficult to treat successfully. Chemotherapy to date has been unsuccessful, and radiosurgery is limited to smaller tumors. Reoperation alone provides limited tumor control and limited prolonged survival. The addition of brachytherapy at the time of operation is an option. Here, we report the results of our series of patients with recurrent malignant meningioma treated with resection and brachytherapy with permanent low-dose (125)I. METHODS: The charts of patients in our database with recurrent atypical and malignant meningiomas treated by surgical resection and permanent (125)I brachytherapy at the University of California, San Francisco, between 1988 and 2002 were selected for this study. Calculations of disease-free survival and overall survival curves were made by the Kaplan-Meier actuarial method. Univariate analysis between Kaplan-Meier curves was based on the log-rank statistic, with a significance level set at a value of P = 0.05. RESULTS: Seventeen patients had recurrent malignant meningioma, and four had recurrent atypical meningioma. The median number of sources implanted after surgical resection was 30 (range, 4-112 sources), with a median total activity of 20 mCi (range, 3.3-85.9 mCi). The median time to progression after brachytherapy was 11.6 months for patients with malignant meningioma and 10.4 months for the combined group. There was a trend toward longer disease-free survival time in patients after gross total resection versus subtotal resection and in patients with tumors located at the convexity and parasagittally versus at the cranial base. These differences did not reach statistical significance. The median overall survival after diagnosis was 9.4 years for patients with atypical meningioma, 6.6 years for those with malignant meningioma, and 8.0 years for all patients combined. Survival from the time of resection and implantation of (125)I was 1.6 years for patients with atypical meningioma, 2.4 years for patients with malignant meningioma, and 2.4 years for the combined group. Thirty-three percent of patients had complications requiring surgical intervention. Radiation necrosis occurred in 27% of patients; 13% underwent surgery for radiation necrosis. In addition, 27% had a wound breakdown and required surgical intervention. CONCLUSION: The options for patients with recurrent atypical or malignant meningiomas are limited. Our results suggest that for tumors not suitable for radiosurgery, resection followed by permanent brachytherapy should be considered as a potential salvage treatment. However, this approach results in a relatively high complication rate in these heavily treated patients and requires meticulous surgical technique and medical therapies to assist with wound healing after surgery. 相似文献