下肢静脉曲张伴原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全手术方法的探讨

目的：探讨下肢静脉曲张伴原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的治疗方法。方法：回顾性总结1990年11月至2000年6月间治疗的下肢静脉曲张伴有深静脉瓣膜功能不全（3－4）级患者189人，245条肢体。将所有患者随机分为试验组133条肢体和对照组112条肢体，所有患者均行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术或大隐静脉高位结扎电凝术，试验组同行行股浅静脉戴戒术。结果：手术成功率100％，随访率为87％，随访时间为6个月至9年2个月，平均4年；两组术后的复发率均为3．3％，症状及体征有极大的改善，疗效比较差异无显著意义（P＞0．05）。结论：下肢静脉曲张伴有原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全时，单独进行浅静脉的高位结扎剥脱术即能达到满意的结果，并不一定要同时进行深静脉瓣膜的处理。     

戴戒术与单纯浅静脉剥脱术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的比较

目的:比较股浅静脉戴戒术与单纯性浅静脉剥脱术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的疗效。方法:将2010年03月—2011年1月收治的48例下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全伴静脉曲张患者随机分为观察组(股浅静脉戴戒术联合大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术)和对照组(传统大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术),通过彩色多普勒检测两组术前及术后股总静脉血管内径、平均血流速度及Valsalva试验下反流持续时间的变化。结果:与术前比较,术后两组患者的静脉瓣膜功能及血流动力学均明显改善,表现为股总静脉管径缩小、平均血流速度增快、静脉血流反流时间缩短(均P<0.05),但观察组上述3个变量手术前后变化程度(差值)均明显大于照组(均P<0.05)。结论:两种手术方式均是治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的有效手段,但戴戒术的治疗效果优于单纯性浅静脉剥脱术。     

原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的外科治疗

目的评价股浅静脉瓣膜“戴戒”加曲张浅静脉剥脱术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的临床效果。方法回顾性分析我院血管外科1997～2004年收治的78例（92条）原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全患者实施股浅静脉瓣膜“戴戒”加曲张浅静脉剥脱术的临床疗效。结果65例（76条）术后症状消失或显著改善，恢复满意；8例（10条）术后症状减轻；3例（4条）术后无改善；2例（2条）术后肿胀加剧，经彩超证实为急性髂股静脉血栓形成。患肢治疗临床总有效率为93．5％（86／92），手术并发症发生率为2．2％（2／92）。结论原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的外科治疗应严格掌握手术指征，股浅静脉瓣膜“戴戒”加曲张浅静脉剥脱术对重度瓣膜功能不全患者疗效确切、操作简便，是外科治疗的有效术式。     

两种不同手术方式治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的对比研究

目的比较TriV ex旋切术联合腔内激光与大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术联合股浅静脉戴戒术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全(PDVI)的疗效和并发症。方法将2010年2月至2014年7月本院收治CEAP分级为C4级以下108例PDVI患者(137条患肢),分为观察组(TriV ex旋切术联合腔内激光治疗)和对照组(传统大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术联合股浅静脉戴戒术),对比观察两组临床疗效和术后并发症。结果患者肢体症状均不同程度缓解,有效率100%,两组手术方式均能明显改善症状和有效控制血液反流;观察组手术时间、住院时间、术中出血量、切口数和术后淋巴水肿比较结果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);切口感染、皮下瘀斑、硬结、皮肤麻木及深静脉血栓形成两组差异无统计学意义。结论两种手术方式均是治疗PDVI安全、有效的手段,但TriV ex旋切术联合腔内激光治疗术具有创伤小、恢复快,值得推广开展。     

应用聚四氟乙烯戴戒治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全

对124例144条下肢静脉曲张患者进行术中造影，发现原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全属2级以上逆流的49条肢体中，有27条（28余下肢）属于股浅静脉扩张造成的瓣膜相对关闭不全，我们对其施行聚四氟乙烯股浅静脉瓣膜戴戒水。经平均35．6个月的随访，总有效率为96．4％，疗效满意。这种术式与已往的大隐静脉戴戒术相比，具有两个优点：1．此材料剪裁及操作简单、精确；2．“戒”的包裹作用可靠且持久，不会发生退行性变化。     

股浅静脉戴戒术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全52例体会

股浅静脉戴戒术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全５２例体会寿铉明，边锡良本院自１９９１年８月至１９９４年１月为大隐静脉曲张病人共施行股浅静脉戴戒术５２例（共５８条下肢），效果满意，现报告如下：临床资料１、一般资料：男２８人，女２４人，左侧下肢３２条，右侧下肢...     

点状抽剥联合腔内激光治疗大隐静脉曲张疗效分析：附145例报告

目的:探讨点状抽剥联合腔内激光治疗大隐静脉曲张的疗效。方法:回顾性分析行点状抽剥联合腔内激光治疗的145例(177条肢体)大隐静脉曲张患者的手术操作、手术效果、术后并发症及随访资料。结果:术后出现皮肤灼伤12例,因烧伤过度致下肢剧烈疼痛5～7 d 3例,散在皮下淤血18例,血肿2例,血栓性静脉炎5例,切口感染3例,皮下液化1例,下肢肿胀13例,感觉麻木11例,深静脉血栓形成1例。术后随访1年,出现永久性足背麻木3例,顽固性深静脉血栓1例;烧伤、皮下淤血、切口感染及下肢肿胀完全缓解;溃疡完全愈合时间21～55 d;色素沉着症状缓解缓慢,1年后色素沉着可消退65%～75%。结论:点状抽剥联合腔内激光是目前治疗大隐静脉曲张安全有效的微创方法。     

大隐静脉曲张的诊治

目的：探讨下肢静脉造影对于诊断和治疗大隐静脉曲张的指导意义。观察大隐静脉曲张的治疗方式与疗效的关系。方法：用35%泛影葡胺60～80 mL注入足背静脉进行下肢静脉造影,全面了解该肢体静脉系统情况。治疗采用3种方法,即：（1）大隐静脉高位结扎+分段静脉剥脱+交通支结扎术;（2）高位结扎+曲张静脉经皮缝扎术;（3）高位结扎+局部注射硬化剂。结果：大隐静脉造影的诊断符合率100%,经15年随防对于单纯性大隐静脉曲张3种治疗结果均未复发,疗效无差异（P＞0.05）;大隐静脉曲张伴交通支瓣膜功能不全者,大隐静脉高位结扎+分段静脉剥脱+交通支结扎术的疗效优于其它两种方法（P＜0.05, P＜0.01）。结论：下肢静脉造影对大隐静脉曲张的治疗有指导意义。单纯大隐静脉曲张以高位结扎、经皮缝扎术为首选;大隐静脉曲张伴交通支瓣膜+深静脉瓣膜功能不全者以高位结扎、分段静脉剥脱、交通支结扎为首选方式。     

经皮透视性曲张静脉团刨削术10例报告

报告利用关节镜和关节刨削器开展下肢曲张浅静脉团刨削术10例。单纯性大隐静脉曲张6例和原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全伴浅静脉曲张4例，肢体均有曲张成团的曲张浅静脉。该手术方法切口少而小，疼痛轻，切口均一期愈合，无手术并发症发生。随访6~12个月，肢体曲张成团浅静脉均消失，无复发，近期疗效满意。提示下肢曲张静脉团刨削术系一治疗下肢曲张成团的曲张浅静脉的好方法     

预防性股静脉瓣膜戴戒术治疗单纯性下肢静脉曲张的临床研究

将４０例单纯性大隐静脉曲张患者随机分为Ａ，Ｂ二组，Ａ组作大隐静脉高位结扎、剥脱及交通支结扎手术，Ｂ组同时作预防性股静脉膜戴戒术。结果表明，二组手术后近期效果相同，对患肢静脉压的影响也无差别。但是，Ａ组手术后３年多时间里发生深静脉瓣膜功能不全Ⅰ级１例，Ⅱ级１例，Ｂ组却无１例发生。提示，股静脉瓣膜戴戒术对单纯性大隐静脉曲张手术后复发可能具有一定的预防作用。     

剥脱联合腔内激光治疗大隐静脉曲张

目的:探讨剥脱术联合腔内激光治疗大隐静脉曲张的疗效.方法:回顾性分析2006年4月-2009年3月采用大隐静脉的大腿段剥脱联合小腿段激光腔内治疗的128例患者(176条肢体)的临床资料.结果:全组患者手术效果满意,症状缓解率100％,无伤口感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成等.近期并发症为胫前皮下淤血或小血肿12肢(6.8％),皮肤条状烧伤2肢(1.1％),浅静脉周围炎12肢(6.8％),踝部水肿2肢(1.1％);无胫前麻木感,无远期严重并发症;3年内无静脉曲张复发.结论:剥脱术联合腔内激光治疗大隐静脉曲张疗效确切,并发症少,是安全可靠的微创治疗方法.     

腔内激光联合手术治疗下肢静脉功能不全208例报告

目的:评价腔内激光联合手术治疗下肢静脉功能不全的临床研究。方法:208例病人,男93例,女115例,共230条患肢均行激光或激光联合手术治疗。主要有4种手术治疗方式:①单纯激光治疗15例,19条肢体;②激光治疗联合高位大隐静脉结扎术76例,94条肢体;③激光治疗联合股浅静脉瓣膜包窄术和大隐静脉高位结扎术共112例,112条肢体;④激光治疗联合大隐静脉高位结扎和交通支结扎术5例,5条肢体。结果:随访2～27个月,平均6.12个月,208例病人均疗效满意恢复正常的生活自理或工作,无局部复发。结论:静脉腔内激光治疗是一种新的治疗方法,具有安全、微创、疗效好、操作简便和不遗留手术疤痕等优势.联合手术治疗时,可扩大治疗应用范围。     

腔内激光治疗静脉曲张的探讨

摘要：目的: 探讨腔内激光(EVLT)联合手术个性化治疗静脉曲张的综合方法。方法:下肢慢性静脉功能不全（CVI）285例（295条患肢），根据临床表现和双功超声、静脉造影，基于CEAP分期，分为A，B，C 3组，采取3种手术方式进行治疗。A组用单纯腔内激光闭塞术;B组用腔内激光加点式结扎；C组用股浅静脉包窄术加腔内激光加点式结扎。结果:全组曲张浅静脉均消失，皮肤颜色变浅，肿胀改善，溃疡愈合或缩小。结论:EVLT技术治疗下肢浅静脉曲张是有效的微创手术治疗方法，只要根据CEAP分期，通过标准化的诊断，选择好适应证，采用EVLT联合其他手术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全是可行和有效的。     

应用股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的疗效评价

目的用CEAP分类记分法 (clinical,etiologic ,anatomic ,andpathophysiologic ,CEAP)评价股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全 (PDVI)的疗效和应用价值。方法将 97例 (97侧肢体 )经顺行性静脉造影证实PDVI的患者分为A组 79侧 ,B组 18侧。A组行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱 交通支结扎术同时行股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术 ,B组仅行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱 交通支结扎术。以CEAP临床分类与临床记分评价疗效。结果A、B两组术后临床记分均明显下降 (A组由 6 4± 3 7降至 1 7± 1 8,P <0 0 1;B组由 3 8± 3 6降至 1 4± 1 5 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,A组较B组下降程度更大 (P <0 0 1)。结论从CEAP临床记分结果看 ,股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄手术有助于PDVI患者临床症状缓解。因此术前明确诊断为PDVI的患者 ,应行股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄手术。     

股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全疗效评价

目的　评价股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的疗效和应用价值。方法　 97例 (97侧肢体 )经静脉顺行造影证实为原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的患者分为A、B两组 ,A组 79例 ,B组 18例。A组行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术加交通支结扎术同时行股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术 ,B组仅行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术加交通支结扎术。以CEAP临床分类与临床记分和顺行性下肢静脉造影评价疗效。结果　A、B两组术后临床记分均明显下降 (A组P <0 0 1;B组P <0 0 5 )。A组中C5～C6者手术效果较C2 ～C4者好 ;两组C2 ～C4者比较 ,A组手术效果优于B组。术后A组中 6 7侧患肢行顺行性下肢静脉造影 ,瓣膜功能恢复有效率为 83 5 8% (5 6 /6 7) ,显效率为 4 1 79% (2 8/6 7) ;B组 12侧患肢股浅静脉瓣膜功能恢复有效率为 33 33% ,两组有效率比较 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　大隐静脉高位结扎加交通支结扎加股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄术 ,较大隐静脉高位结扎加交通支结扎术更有助于临床症状缓解和瓣膜形态功能的恢复。术前明确诊断为原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全患者 ,宜行股浅静脉瓣膜环形缩窄手术。     

Endovenous laser treatment combined with a surgical strategy for treatment of venous insufficiency in lower extremity: a report of 208 cases

BACKGROUND: We assessed the safety and efficacy of endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) of the saphenous vein combined with a surgical strategy for treatment of deep venous insufficiency in the lower extremity. METHODS: Two hundred thirty venous insufficiencies of the lower limbs in 208 consecutive patients (93 men and 115 women; mean age, 54.15 years) were treated with EVLT combined with surgical strategies. All patients were symptomatic. There were 84 limbs (36.5%) in C(2), 25 (10.9%) in C(3), 109 (47.7%) in C(4), 1 (0.4%) in C(5), and 9 (3.9%) in C(6) (CEAP), and Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome was present in 2 limbs. A total of 119 (51.7%) had perforator vein incompetence. Four therapeutic methods were included in this series according to symptoms, CEAP classification, and venous reflux. Simple EVLT was performed for 15 patients with only great saphenous vein (GSV) incompetence or Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome in 19 lower limbs. EVLT combined with high ligation of the GSV and open ligation of perforators was performed for 5 patients with GSV and perforator incompetence in 5 lower limbs. EVLT was combined with high ligation of the GSV for 76 patients with GSV incompetence in 94 lower limbs. EVLT was combined with external banding of the first femoral venous valve and high ligation of the GSV for 112 patients with primary deep venous insufficiency in 112 lower limbs. All patients were followed up on an outpatient basis for physical examinations and postoperative complaints, and duplex ultrasonography was performed 2 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year after operation. RESULTS: All patients tolerated the procedure well and returned to normal daily activities immediately, achieving a 100% immediate clinical success rate. Spot skin burn injuries occurred in 2 patients (1.0%). Paresthesia in the gaiter area was noted in 15 patients (7.2%). No postprocedural symptomatic deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism occurred. Three patients had local recurrent varicose veins in the calf (1.4%) during a 2- to 27-month follow-up (mean, 6.12 months). Postoperative clinical classes were significantly improved between 2 weeks and 24 months (P = .0001 at 2 weeks and 3 to 18 months; P = .0055 at 24 months compared with before operation), especially in preoperative C(2) to C(3) stage patients, who achieved complete amelioration. CONCLUSIONS: EVLT is a novel minimally invasive treatment with advantages of safety, effectiveness, and simplicity, and it leaves no scars. Its indications can be expanded by combining EVLT with surgical strategies.     

股浅静脉瓣膜外修复成形术后血流动力学动态变化74例分析

目的检测股浅静脉瓣膜外修复成形术后血流动力学动态变化 ,以分析其治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的疗效。方法回顾性分析原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全 74例 ( 96条肢体 )的资料 ,利用流速剖面图彩超和空气体积描记仪分别于术前、术后 1、3个月及 1年进行血流动力学指标检测并进行统计学分析。结果全组术后静脉返流量、灌注指数、静脉功能不全评分指标于术后 1、3个月、1年均较术前显著降低 (P <0 0 1)。而射血分数、剩余容积分数均值于术后 3个月、1年较术前明显改善 (P <0 0 1)。溃疡愈合率达 78 8% ( 2 6 /33) ,术后 93 6 %的肢体各种症状体征消失和明显缓解。结论股浅静脉瓣膜外修复成形术可显著改善血流动力学状况 ,对治疗原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全及静脉性溃疡有确切疗效     

Anatomical Patterns of the Above Knee Great Saphenous Vein and its Tributaries: Implications for Endovenous Treatment Strategy

Objective: The aim of the present study was to analyse the anatomical patterns of the above knee great saphenous vein (GSV) and its tributaries in limbs with varicose veins in view of potential suitability for endovenous treatment. Methods: Limbs of a consecutive series of new patients with varicose veins presenting at the phlebologic clinic during a 4 month period were studied. In 73 limbs of 56 patients with varicose veins and both saphenofemoral junction and GSV reflux, anatomical patterns of the above knee GSV were defined as :

-‘complete’ GSV: main trunk visualised within the saphenous compartment from the groin to the knee

-‘incomplete’ GSV: main trunk partially visualised from the groin to mid thigh with a non-refluxing mostly hypoplastic distal GSV and a superficial tributary vein (STV) parallel to the GSV.

Results: 51 limbs (70 %) had a ‘complete’ GSV. In 4 of these 51 limbs reflux passed from the main GSV trunk to a STV at mid thigh level leaving a non-refluxing part of the GSV from mid thigh to the knee.

Conclusion: In only 64% of limbs with varicose veins the entire above knee GSV was involved in the disease. This may have implications for endovenous treatment strategy.     

Incompetent Great Saphenous Veins Treated with Endovenous 1,320-nm Laser: Results for 71 Legs and Morphologic Evolvement Study

BACKGROUND: Endovenous lasers with various wavelengths have been utilized with good outcomes in treating leg varicose veins. The natural history and evolution of treated veins after endovenous procedures, however, have seldom been addressed. OBJECTIVE: This study determines the efficacy vein ablation and serial venous morphologic evolution of incompetent great saphenous veins (GSVs) after endovenous 1,320-nm laser treatment. METHODS: Fifty patients with symptomatic varicose veins secondary to GSV insufficiency treated with 1,320-nm endovenous laser ablation were enrolled. The treated varicose veins in each limb were mapped and sized before laser treatment. Vein wall diameters were measured with duplex ultrasound at follow-up visits. RESULTS: Seventy-one limbs in 50 patients were enrolled. During the mean 13.1-month follow-up, closure of GSVs was observed in 94% of limbs (67/71). Vein diameters at 3 cm below saphenofemoral junction level were reduced to 81% at 2 days, 75% at 1 month, 48% at 3 months, and 39% at 5 months. Average mean duration for treated GSVs to narrow as fibrotic cords (internal diameter,<2.5 mm) was 5.8 months. CONCLUSION: The endovenous 1,320-nm laser ablation procedures have excellent efficacy in treating incompetent GSVs. This excellent shrinkage behavior may be the basis for nice long-term results of patients treated with 1,320-nm Cooltouch endovenous laser.     

激光闭合在小腿交通支静脉功能不全治疗中的临床应用

目的评价经皮穿刺激光腔内闭合小腿交通支静脉治疗下肢大隐静脉曲张合并交通支静脉功能不全的临床疗效。方法全组36例(42条肢体)下肢大隐静脉曲张伴交通支静脉功能不全患者均行大隐静脉全程加下肢浅表曲张静脉穿刺激光烧灼闭合,同时在超声引导下经皮穿刺激光腔内闭合有病变交通支静脉。结果全组42条肢体术前检查有82支病变交通支静脉,术后随访1～18个月内彩超检查证实82支交通支静脉闭合。C6级的10条小腿溃疡肢体,于术后2～8周全部愈合。结论经皮穿刺激光腔内闭合小腿交通支静脉,是治疗下肢大隐静脉曲张合并交通支静脉病变可行的微创治疗方法,安全、有效、创伤小,对于合并有小腿溃疡的患者尤为适宜。