COPD患者病情严重程度与生活质量的相关性研究

目的比较COPD患者BODE指数（B为体重指数,O为气流阻塞,D为呼吸困难,E为运动能力）与GOLD分级用于评估病情严重程度的价值,探讨BODE指数与患者生活质量的相关性。方法选择COPD稳定期患者100例。采用圣乔治呼吸问卷（SGRQ）评价患者的生活质量并对其进行肺功能测试。计算BODE指数及其各项目的评分,包括体重指数（BMI）、气流阻塞程度（FEV1%pred）、呼吸困难（MMRC）、运动能力（6MWD）。受试者分别根据GOLD分级标准和BODE指数分为四组,通过SGRQ评分对GOLD分级和BODE指数进行比较。结果 BODE指数与COPD患者的SGRQ总分、问卷各部分评分均呈显著的相关性（P〈0.01）。BODE指数可以较好地预测患者的生活质量,能解释41.3%的SGRQ总分（P〈0.01）。然而GOLD分级仅与SGRQ活动能力分值呈相关性（P〈0.05）,同SGRQ其他评分并无相关。根据BODE指数划分的各组患者中,SGRQ总分和其他部分评分均有明显差异（P〈0.01）,但是按照GOLD分级标准划分的各组患者中,除活动能力分值外（P〈0.01）,其余各组的SGRQ总分和各部分评分无明显差异。结论 BODE评分系统与GOLD分级相比,能更好的评价不同严重程度COPD患者病情与其生活质量的相关性。     

COPD患者联合应用BODE指数和SGRQ问卷的相关性研究

目的评估BODE指数和圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)之间的联系,探讨BODE指数对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者生活质量的预测能力,以及联合应用BODE指数和SGRQ问卷综合评价COPD系统性表现的可行性。方法对112例COPD患者进行观察性研究,将对疾病发作风险有预测价值的BODE指数和SGRQ问卷进行相关性比较,分析BODE指数对COPD患者生活质量下降的预测能力以及探索BODE指数和SGRQ问卷与疾病发作风险间的联系。结果皮尔逊(Pearson)相关分析显示在BODE指数总分与SGRQ问卷的总分、症状分、活动分以及影响分之间存在中等程度的相关性(P<0.001),SGRQ问卷总分与BODE指数总分和FEV1%预计值(FEV1%pred)、呼吸困难(MMRC)、6分钟步行距离(6MWD)呈中等程度的相关性(P<0.001),而与体质量指数(BMI)呈弱相关(P<0.001)。线性回归分析显示BODE指数是COPD患者生活质量有意义的预测因素,解释了SGRQ总分46.1%的变化(P<0.001);通过线性回归分析得出BODE指数与SGRQ问卷对COPD急性加重都有预测价值,BODE指数有意义的预测了COPD急性加重81.2%的变化(P<0.001),SGRQ问卷预测了33.2%的变化(P<0.001)。结论 COPD临床预测因素BODE指数和SGRQ问卷存在良好的相关性,BODE指数对COPD患者生活质量下降有较好的预测价值,联合应用BODE指数和SGRQ问卷能更综合全面的预测COPD的急性加重。     

基于慢性疾病轨迹模式护理干预在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用效果分析

目的 探讨基于慢性病轨迹模式护理干预在慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者中的运用效果。方法 选取2019年1月-2020年11月就诊于本院的92例COPD患者作为研究对象，按随机数字表法分为两组，各46例。对照组给予常规护理，在此基础上，观察组实施基于慢性病轨迹模式护理干预，持续3个月。比较两组体重指数、气流受限、呼吸困难、运动耐力（BODE）指数、COPD评估测试量表（CAT）评分及生活质量[圣乔治呼吸问卷（SGRQ）]。结果 观察组干预后BODE指数、CAT及SGRQ评分均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。结论 基于慢性病轨迹模式护理干预能够改善COPD患者健康状况，减轻疾病症状，有效提升生活质量。     

类风湿性关节炎患者病情与生活质量的相关研究

目的：探讨类风湿性关节炎患者的生活质量。方法：应用36题健康状况调查问卷（sF-36）评定了35例类风湿性关节炎患者的生活质量。结果：1、生活质量8个维度的评分类风湿性关节炎组均显著低于常模组；2、SF-36总分，生理功能（PF）、情感职能（RE）、躯体疼痛（BP）分值无关节畸形组显著高于关节畸形组（P〈0．01）；生理职能（RP）、精神健康（MH）、总体健康（GH）分值无关节畸形组显著高于关节畸形组（P＜0．05）；3、SF-36总分、生理功能（PF）、总体健康（GH）分值病程1年以下组显著高于病程1～5年组（P＜0．01），而生理职能（RP）、活力（VT）、躯体疼痛（BP）分值高于病程1～5年组（P＜0．05）；SF-36总分、生理功能（PF）、总体健康（GH）、精神健康（MH）分值病程1年以下组显著高于病程5年以上组（P〈0．01），而生理职能（RP）、情感职能（RE）、活力（VT）、躯体疼痛（BP）分值病程1年以下组高于5年以上组（P＜0．05）。结论：类风湿性关节炎患者的生活质量下降且与关节畸形及病程有关。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者生活质量与肺康复等因素的相关性研究

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者生活质量与肺康复、肺功能指标、呼吸困难程度、运动能力等因素的关系,寻找影响COPD患者生活质量的因素。方法随机选择参加肺康复的COPD患者74例及同期未参加肺康复的COPD患者32例。测量FEV1%,应用圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评价生活质量,改良英国MRC呼吸困难指数(mMRC)评价呼吸困难程度,6分钟步行试验(6MWT)评价运动能力及计算BODE指数。用相关分析和多元逐步回归方法分析SGRQ评分与上述因素的关系。结果 SGRQ总分与FEV1%(r=-0.223,P<0.05)、mMRC评分(r=0.850,P<0.01)、6MWT(r=-0.826,P<0.01)及BODE指数(r=0.767,P<0.01)显著相关。通过对COPD各个亚组分析,B、C、D组患者SGRQ总分均与是否参加肺康复呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.412、-0.413和-0.344(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析最后仅纳入了mMRC评分、6MWT和是否参加肺康复作为SGRQ总分的独立预测变量,三者总共可以解释SGRQ总分变化的80.4%(R2=0.804,P<0.01)。结论 COPD患者生活质量与肺康复、肺功能指标、呼吸困难程度和运动能力密切相关;肺康复可以提高运动耐力、改善呼吸困难症状,提高患者的生活质量。     

Graves病患者^131I治疗后疾病影响程度与生活质量变化

目的 探讨Graves病（GD）患者在接受131I治疗一年后疾病影响程度及生活质量状况.方法 纳入GD患者376例.患者自愿接受131I治疗,建立随访档案,分别在接受131I治疗前、治疗后第6月、12月采用疾病影响程度量表（SIP）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、社会功能缺陷筛查量表（SDSS）及生活质量问卷（QLS）进行评估.结果 失访57例,319例完成随访.131I治疗前、治疗后6月及12月各量表总分及因子分均数差异存在统计学意义,治疗后SAS、SDS、SDSS、SIP总分及各因子分评分降低（F=8.561 ～ 1080.317,P＜0.001）,SF-36量表总分与各因子分均较治疗前有所升高（P＜0.05）.治疗后12月与6月相比,SAS、SDS、SDSS、SIP总分、SIP因子分SD-Ⅱ、SR、W与SF-36因子分RP、BP、VT、SF差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;SIP因子分SD-Ⅰ、HM、RP与SF-36总分及因子分PF、GH、RE、MH差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,SIP因子分SD-Ⅰ、HM、RP较6月时高（P＜0.05）,而SF-36总分及因子分PF、GH、RE、MH较6月时低 （P＜0.05）;治疗后6月、12月时不同临床结局组各量表总分及SIP因子分SD-Ⅰ、SD-Ⅱ、SR、W、RP与SF-36因子分PF、RP、BP、GH、VT、SF、RE、MH差异均有统计学意义（F6=6.870～143.79,F12=13.956～837.184,P＜0.001）,SIP量表HM因子分在6月与12月时均差异无统计学意义（F6=1.733,P6=0.142;F12=2.015,P12=0.092）.治疗后6月与12月时甲状腺功能正常组与健康对照组相比,SF-36总分及因子分PF、RP、VT、SF、RE、MH仍差异有统计学意义（F=8.320～ 82.791,P≤0.001）;因子分BP、GH比较差异无统计学意义（F=2.990、2.652,P=0.051、0.072）.结论 GD患者生活质量严重下降,131I治疗可以改善患者总体生活质量,但社会心理状况改善并不理想,关注GD患者生活质量,提供有效的心理干预是提高GD患者愈后的重要措施.     

稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者运动性低氧的发生情况及危险因素研究

目的了解肺功能Ⅱ级及以上稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者中运动性低氧(EID)的发生情况,评价EID对COPD患者生活质量及BODE指数的影响。方法选取肺功能Ⅱ级及以上稳定期COPD患者,进行肺功能检查、6分钟步行试验(6MWT)、圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)及BODE评分。根据6MWT中有无EID分为伴EID组和无EID组,比较两组的生活质量、BODE指数等指标,评估发生EID的相关因素。结果共纳入肺功能Ⅱ级及以上稳定期COPD患者52例,平均年龄为(63±8)岁。EID的发生率为40.1%(21/52),其中肺功能Ⅱ级患者的EID发生率为18.2%(4/22);肺功能Ⅲ级患者的EID发生率为54.5%(12/22);肺功能Ⅳ级患者的EID发生率为62.5%(5/8);肺功能Ⅳ级患者EID发生率最高,与其他肺功能等级患者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。伴有EID的COPD患者与不伴EID的COPD患者相比较,二者在年龄、体质指数(BMI)、深吸气量占预计值百分比(IC%pre)、改良英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难量表(MMRC)得分、基线血氧饱和度(SPO2)、SGRQ总分、SGRQ呼吸症状评分、SGRQ疾病影响评分方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);但在第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV1%pre)、6分钟步行距离(6MWD)、6MWT中SPO2最低值、BODE指数和SGRQ活动受限评分上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析显示FEV1%pre(r=-0.329)、6MWD(r=-0.655)、SGRQ活动受限评分(r=0.328)、SPO2最低值(r=-0.445)、BODE指数(r=0.290)与EID发生具有相关性。进行Logistic回归分析后6MWD<350 m为EID的危险因素〔OR=18.77,95%CI(2.13,165.45),P=0.008〕。结论 EID的发生率随肺功能分级的增加而增高,伴有EID的COPD患者的6MWD、BODE指数、SGRQ活动受限评分更差。6MWD<350 m可作为EID发生的危险因素。     

不同严重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺康复策略比较

目的 探讨不同严重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者如何选择肺康复策略.方法 将89例稳定期COPD患者按严重度分为中度COPD组(n=32)、重度COPD组(n=36)和极重度COPD组(n=21),每组再随机分为对照组和肺康复干预策略1组和策略2组,并进行20周的康复干预.比较干预前后及各组间患者BODE指数、6 min步行距离(6MWD)、呼吸困难程度评分(MMRC)、肺功能(FEV1)、体质量指数(BMI)及COPD急性加重次数的变化.结果 经过20周的肺康复干预,COPD中度、重度患者策略2疗效最好,干预前后6MWD比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),但BODE指数、MMRC、BMI和FEV1比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).极重度COPD患者策略1组疗效最好,干预前后MMRC比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但BODE指数、6MWD、BMI和FEV1比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).重度COPD患者策略2组的BODE指数和6MWD改善效果最好(均P＜0.000 1);极重度COPD患者策略1组MMRC改善效果最好(P＜0.01).Poisson回归分析显示,重度COPD患者在肺康复干预后急性加重次数明显减少(P＜0.01);其余不同干预组和不同严重度组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 针对不同严重度COPD患者可采取不同的肺康复策略以取得最佳疗效.     

布地奈德／福莫特罗吸入剂对老年COPD稳定巅患者生活质量的影响

目的评估布地奈德／福莫特罗吸人剂治疗老年COPD稳定期患者的疗效。方法COPD患者93例,采用SF-36健康调查量表进行生活质量评估。结果SF-36总评分60岁组、大专以上学历和月收入≥1000元的患者明显高于组内其他组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;治疗组患者PF、RP、BP、GH、VT、MH和总评分均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;药物治疗和月收入≥1000元是影响SF-36总评分的因素。结论布地奈德／福莫特罗联合吸入剂可以有效改善患者临床症状,提高患者生活质量。     

不同评价指标在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者综合评估中的应用

目的 应用圣乔治呼吸问卷（SGRQ）、慢性阻塞性肺疾病临床呼吸问卷（CCQ）、慢性阻塞性肺疾病临床测试量表（CAT）、改良英国医学研究理事会呼吸困难指数（mMRC）与6分钟步行试验（6MWT）评价慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者健康状况、呼吸困难程度和运动耐力,并分析其评分结果与COPD患者肺功能参数第1秒用力呼气末容积占预计值百分比（FEV1%pred）的相关性,探讨其在临床中的应用价值。方法 2014年5-10月苏州大学附属第三医院呼吸内科对常州市永红及魏村地区进行COPD流行病学调查,根据纳入与排除标准筛选出90例COPD患者。对患者进行SGRQ、CAT、mMRC、CCQ、BODE指数评分及6MWT、肺功能检查,综合分析各评分系统之间以及各评分系统与患者肺功能气流受限严重程度的相关性;并将COPD患者按照性别、年龄、有无合并症等进行分组,观察各评分系统用于不同COPD人群的差异性;对患者进行综合评估,了解综合评估COPD患者严重程度的意义。结果 90例患者SGRQ总分为（21.9±14.4）分,CAT评分为（17.0±5.9）分,mMRC评分为（1.3±1.2）分,6MWT为（390.7±86.2）m,BODE评分为（2.6±1.7）分。不同性别、年龄、有无吸烟史患者FEV1%pred、CAT评分、mMRC评分、CCQ评分、SGRQ评分、6MWT比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。有合并症、年加重次数≥2次的COPD患者FEV1%pred、6MWT均分别低于无合并症、年加重次数＜2次者,CAT评分、mMRC评分、CCQ评分、SGRQ评分均分别高于无合并症、年加重次数＜2次者,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。不同GOLD分级患者体质指数（BMI）、SGRQ评分、CAT评分、mMRC评分、CCQ评分、6MWT及年加重次数比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。COPD患者肺功能（FEV1%pred）与CAT评分、mMRC评分、CCQ评分、SGRQ评分、BODE呈负相关（r=-0.338、-0.703、-0.529、-0.852、-0.837,P＜0.01）;与呼气峰流速（PEF）、6MWT及BMI呈正相关（r=0.869、0.572、0.322,P＜0.01）。使用CAT评分和mMRC分级对COPD患者进行综合评估,结果显示,对于高风险患者两种评估方法得到的评估结果一致（Kappa=0.438,P＜0.001）,对于低风险患者两种评估方法得到的结果存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。本研究也使用CCQ评分对入选患者进行综合评估,结果显示其在低风险患者中与使用CAT评分分组较一致（Kappa=0.753,P＜0.001）。结论 四种呼吸问卷（SGRQ、CAT、mMRC、CCQ）、6MWT、BODE均与肺功能（FEV1%pred）显著相关,可以将其作为肺功能检查的补充,在COPD的临床管理工作中有一定的应用价值。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.