SOX9慢病毒表达载体的构建及其在LNcap细胞中的稳定表达

目的 构建SOX9基因慢病毒表达载体, 建立稳定表达SOX9的LNCa P细胞株.方法 PCR扩增SOX9基因, 将其克隆到慢病毒表达载体p LVX-IRES-Puro中, 双酶切和测序鉴定重组质粒.用HEK293细胞包装重组病毒颗粒并感染LNcap细胞, 经puromycin筛选获得稳定转染细胞株.q RT-PCR和Western Blot分别检测SOX9 m RNA水平及蛋白表达.结果 经双酶切和测序鉴定证实目的片段已插入到慢病毒表达载体上.重组质粒转入LNCa P细胞后经puromycin抗性筛获得稳定表达的细胞株, q RT-PCR检测到SOX9基因在转录水平的表达, Western blot分析显示SOX9蛋白高表达.结论 慢病毒表达载体p LVX-IRES-FLAG-SOX9构建成功, 实现了SOX9在LNcap细胞中的外源性表达.     

人DcR3 cDNA克隆及其在COS-7细胞中的表达

目的 克隆人DcR3分子的cDNA,将其重组入真核表达载体,并表达于COS-7细胞.方法 以PCR方法克隆编码人DcR3分子的cDNA,对其序列进行测定.将测序正确的DcR3 cDNA克隆入真核表达载体pAAV-IRES-hrGFP,构建重组表达载体.采用脂质体法转染COS-7细胞,用Western blot检测和激光共聚焦检测重组DcR3分子在COS-7细胞中的表达.结果 PCR方法扩增出一1 000 bp左右的基因片段,插入pAAV-IRES-hrGFP构建重组表达载体后,经序列测定证实扩增的片段为人DcR3分子cDNA.将重组子转染COS-7细胞,Western blotting和激光共聚焦检测到DcR3分子的表达.结论 成功地克隆并在COS-7细胞中表达了DcR3分子.     

腭裂相关基因TTF-2转基因小鼠载体的构建及体外表达

目的扩增及克隆C57BL/6j小鼠titf-2基因并利用小鼠骨髓间充质细胞进行表达.方法从C57BL/6j小鼠肝脏组织中提取基因组DNA,用PCR从中扩增出titf-2基因片段.将titf-2基因片段插入载体pMD18-T中,经全自动序列分析仪测序正确后,再克隆至表达载体pBROAD3-mcs中,构建重组表达载体pBROAD3-mcs-titf-2,并转染小鼠骨髓间充质细胞进行表达.用羊抗鼠TTF-2多抗IgG对表达产物进行Western Blot签定.结果 DNA测序结果证实,获得titf-2基因片段,大小与理论值相符;Western Blot分析表明,表达出TTF-2约为4.2KDa大小的蛋白.结论成功扩增、克隆titf-2基因,并在小鼠骨髓间充质细胞中得到表达,为下一步建立titf-2转基因小鼠模型奠定了基础.     

重组人Grn的克隆与表达

目的 :构建人Grn基因原核表达载体并观察其表达。方法 :从人单核细胞系THP-1细胞c DNA中扩增出Grn片段,通过酶切与连接,将Grn片段构建到p GEX-4T-2质粒载体上,再转化入感受态细胞TOP10,菌落PCR鉴定阳性克隆并测序分析,测序正确的重组质粒再转化入感受态细胞DE3中表达蛋白,用Western blot鉴定结果。结果 :构建的p GEX-4T-2表达载体作PCR和双酶切鉴定,证实其中有目的片段完整插入,插入片段测序结果与Grn序列设计完全一致,将其转化入DE3中,Western blot结果表明在细菌裂解上清有分子质量为91KD的融合蛋白。结论 :重组人Grn的克隆与表达成功,为进一步研究Grn的功能奠定了基础。     

SARS冠状病毒S蛋白基因片段的表达及其单克隆抗体的制备

目的: 表达SARS冠状病毒S蛋白片段,并制备特异性单克隆抗体(mAb).方法: 原核表达SARS冠状病毒S蛋白片段,从SARS病毒cDNA中扩增S蛋白(N端205至419aa)基因片段,测序结果正确.将该基因片段插入pQE-30中,构建重组质粒pQE-30-S1m,以重组质粒转化E.coli M15诱导表达His-S1m蛋白.纯化后免疫BALB/c小鼠,经融合、筛选制备特异性mAb.结果: 表达并纯化了重组蛋白His-S1m,获得1株抗His-S蛋白的mAb1H2.Ig亚类鉴定为IgG1a,轻链为κ型.经Western blotting检测,mAb1H2与S蛋白发生特异性反应,而与His蛋白无交叉反应.结论: 成功表达了重组S蛋白并制备了特异性mAb,为SARS-CoV的早期诊断及进一步研究S蛋白的功能奠定了基础.     

SARS冠状病毒N基因重组腺病毒载体的构建及其在Vero E6细胞中的表达

目的：构建SARS冠状病毒N基因重组腺病毒载体并在Vero细胞中表达,为进一步研究SARS病毒的基因疫苗提供试验基础。方法：用化学合成的方法得到SARS病毒N基因,以PCR法使其加上CACC序列接头,经过定向拓扑克隆使目的基因连接到转移载体上,再通过LR酶促反应,将目的基因转移到腺病毒表达载体DNA上,获得N基因重组的腺病毒DNA,转染HEK293A细胞,包装、扩增后得到SARS冠状病毒N基因重组的腺病毒,进一步感染Vero E6细胞,用westem blot的方法检测目的基因表达产物。结果：目的基因能成功地在感染细胞中表达并保持了较好的免疫原性。结论：该研究为SARS冠状病毒基因疫苗的研制了提供理论和实验依据。     

结核分枝杆菌furA基因片段的克隆、表达和分离纯化

目的: 获得结核分枝杆菌furA基因片段并高效表达、纯化. 方法: 用PCR技术从MTB毒株H37Rv-DNA中扩增出相应大小的DNA片段,将片段与pGEM-T-easy 载体连接后测序. 将测序正确的furA按照BamHⅠ和HindⅢ酶切位点克隆入原核表达载体pRSET-A,将连接产物转化入E.coli BL21,挑出阳性克隆,IPTG诱导表达重组的(His)6融合蛋白. 对重组融合蛋白通过镍柱进行纯化. 结果: PCR获得的furA序列与Genbank报道的一致(为453 bp). 重组载体在E.coli BL21中以可溶形式高效表达,融合蛋白经SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析,在Mr为23.0×103处有特异的蛋白条带,目的蛋白表达量占菌体总蛋白量的10%,重组蛋白经镍柱进行纯化后,得到了高纯度的FurA融合蛋白. 结论: 成功克隆结核分枝杆菌furA基因片段,并在E.coli BL21中高效表达,亲和层析纯化后获得高纯度FurA融合蛋白.     

携带人尾型同源盒基因-2基因慢病毒表达载体的构建及鉴定

目的构建尾型同源盒基因-2(CDX2)基因的慢病毒表达载体并进行鉴定。方法 PCR扩增CDX2基因片段后,将其克隆入慢病毒表达载体pWPI,通过PCR、酶切和测序鉴定重组质粒。重组质粒转染包装细胞293T后获得包装的病毒颗粒。病毒颗粒感染直肠癌细胞XB1847,经PCR和Western Blot证明重组慢病毒携带的CDX2在XB1847细胞内表达的情况。结果经PCR扩增、酶切及测序验证,重组质粒构建成功,命名为pWPI-CDX2。PCR和Western Blot证明重组慢病毒感染XB1847细胞后CDX2能稳定表达。结论成功构建了携带CDX2的慢病毒载体,为研究CDX2在直肠癌中的功能提供了实验基础。     

人乳头瘤病毒16型E6蛋白真核表达载体的构建及表达

目的构建在哺乳动物细胞中表达的人乳头瘤病毒16型早期蛋白6真核表达载体pcDNA3．1（-），E6，为研究HPV16 E6蛋白在细胞永生化作用中的机制奠定实验基础。方法用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增E6基因。将PCR产物纯化后与pUCm-T载体连接，经蓝白斑筛选、双酶切鉴定及序列分析后，亚克隆至pcDNA3．1（-）真核表达载体中；阳性克隆经双酶切鉴定后转染RAW264．7巨噬细胞，Western blotting鉴定其在RAW264，7细胞中的表达。结果重组载体经酶切、PCR及测序证明插入片断序列正确无误，转染RAW264．7细胞后可在细胞中表达HPV16E6蛋白。结论成功构建的HPV16E6真核表达载体pcDNA3，1（-）／E6能在RAW264．7细胞中表达E6蛋白。     

人血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)的原核载体构建、蛋白表达及鉴定

目的 克隆人VEGFA基因,与原核载体融合表达、纯化及其鉴定,并将其应用于肿瘤血管生长研究过程中.方法 采用PCR方法扩增人VEGFA序列,将其克隆入pGEX-KG原核载体,获得pGEX-KG-hVEGFA重组质粒.将该质粒转化入E.coli菌株BL21 (DE3),经IPTG诱导其表达,以GSTrap亲和层析柱纯化融合蛋白,采用SDS-PAGE电泳,Western Blot方法鉴定融合蛋白的表达.结果 PCR扩增获得了hVEGFA基因片段,经测序证实与GenBank公布的序列一致,重组的质粒载体经过PCR、酶切鉴定,证明重组质粒中已成功的插入了hVEGFA基因片段.成功构建了该蛋白的原核表达载体pGEX-KG-hVEGFA.结论 融合蛋白在IPTG终浓度为0.5 mmol/L、25℃条件下诱导表达,并获得纯化融合蛋白.采用Western Blot的方法可检测到目的融合蛋白GST-hVEGFA的表达.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.