复发性多软骨炎气管切开困难一例

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)是一种原因不明、多部位软骨反复发生的炎性反应疾病.其受累软骨部位不同,临床表现多样,易误诊[1-4].如呼吸道软骨受累可导致呼吸困难,往往预后较差.本文报道1例复发性多软骨炎累及呼吸道,出现呼吸困难,并导致困难气管切开术的病例.     

复发性多软骨炎气管切开困难一例

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)是一种原因不明、多部位软骨反复发生的炎性反应疾病.其受累软骨部位不同,临床表现多样,易误诊[1-4].如呼吸道软骨受累可导致呼吸困难,往往预后较差.本文报道1例复发性多软骨炎累及呼吸道,出现呼吸困难,并导致困难气管切开术的病例.     

复发性多软骨炎气管切开困难一例

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)是一种原因不明、多部位软骨反复发生的炎性反应疾病.其受累软骨部位不同,临床表现多样,易误诊[1-4].如呼吸道软骨受累可导致呼吸困难,往往预后较差.本文报道1例复发性多软骨炎累及呼吸道,出现呼吸困难,并导致困难气管切开术的病例.     

复发性多软骨炎气管切开困难一例

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)是一种原因不明、多部位软骨反复发生的炎性反应疾病.其受累软骨部位不同,临床表现多样,易误诊[1-4].如呼吸道软骨受累可导致呼吸困难,往往预后较差.本文报道1例复发性多软骨炎累及呼吸道,出现呼吸困难,并导致困难气管切开术的病例.     

复发性多软骨炎气管切开困难一例

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)是一种原因不明、多部位软骨反复发生的炎性反应疾病.其受累软骨部位不同,临床表现多样,易误诊[1-4].如呼吸道软骨受累可导致呼吸困难,往往预后较差.本文报道1例复发性多软骨炎累及呼吸道,出现呼吸困难,并导致困难气管切开术的病例.     

复发性多软骨炎气管切开困难一例

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)是一种原因不明、多部位软骨反复发生的炎性反应疾病.其受累软骨部位不同,临床表现多样,易误诊[1-4].如呼吸道软骨受累可导致呼吸困难,往往预后较差.本文报道1例复发性多软骨炎累及呼吸道,出现呼吸困难,并导致困难气管切开术的病例.     

复发性多软骨炎气管切开困难一例

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)是一种原因不明、多部位软骨反复发生的炎性反应疾病.其受累软骨部位不同,临床表现多样,易误诊[1-4].如呼吸道软骨受累可导致呼吸困难,往往预后较差.本文报道1例复发性多软骨炎累及呼吸道,出现呼吸困难,并导致困难气管切开术的病例.     

复发性多软骨炎气管切开困难一例

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)是一种原因不明、多部位软骨反复发生的炎性反应疾病.其受累软骨部位不同,临床表现多样,易误诊[1-4].如呼吸道软骨受累可导致呼吸困难,往往预后较差.本文报道1例复发性多软骨炎累及呼吸道,出现呼吸困难,并导致困难气管切开术的病例.     

复发性多软骨炎气管切开困难一例

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)是一种原因不明、多部位软骨反复发生的炎性反应疾病.其受累软骨部位不同,临床表现多样,易误诊[1-4].如呼吸道软骨受累可导致呼吸困难,往往预后较差.本文报道1例复发性多软骨炎累及呼吸道,出现呼吸困难,并导致困难气管切开术的病例.     

复发性多软骨炎气管切开困难一例

复发性多软骨炎(relapsing polychondritis)是一种原因不明、多部位软骨反复发生的炎性反应疾病.其受累软骨部位不同,临床表现多样,易误诊[1-4].如呼吸道软骨受累可导致呼吸困难,往往预后较差.本文报道1例复发性多软骨炎累及呼吸道,出现呼吸困难,并导致困难气管切开术的病例.     

Clinical analysis of 15 patients with relapsing auricular polychondritis

Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology. The disease is characterized by episodic inflammation and destruction of cartilaginous and connective tissue structures, including the ear, eye, nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi, joints, skin, heart valves, and aorta. As the symptoms of RP are diverse and complex, it is easily misdiagnosed. The aim of this paper was to improve the understanding of the clinical features of RP, thereby facilitating its early diagnosis. Fifteen patients with RP were analyzed retrospectively and the relevant literature reviewed. The number of patients presenting with auricular chondritis was 13, while two presented with polyarthritis. Among them, the treatment of 2 RP patients with respiratory tract involvement failed and 1 patient died. Eleven patients with RP (73 %) were initially misdiagnosed. RP involves cartilage and connective tissue. The prognosis for patients with respiratory tract involvement is poor. RP causes episodic and progressive inflammation of cartilage throughout the body and is associated with a variety of clinical manifestations. Early diagnosis of RP depends on a thorough understanding of its clinical features.     

复发性多软骨炎26例临床分析

目的：探讨复发性多软骨炎的临床特征和早期诊疗方法。方法：对26例患者分别采用抗生素、激素及免疫抑制剂药物治疗,采取气管切开、气管内金属支架植入和无创呼吸机治疗。结果：23例（88.5%）耳廓软骨受累,20例（76.9%）呼吸道软骨受累,18例（69.2%）关节软骨受累,15例（57.7%）鼻软骨受累,6例（23.1%）眼部受累,4例（15.4%）耳蜗和（或）前庭受累。部分患者有心脏、血管、肾脏受累。1例严重肺部感染死亡,1例呼吸衰竭死亡,其余24例病情稳定或有不同程度缓解。结论：复发性多软骨炎临床表现多样,主要集中在耳鼻咽喉科方面,呼吸系统受累预后不良。早期诊断、早期治疗可控制病情,改善预后。     

Treatment of relapsing polychondritis]

INTRODUCTION: Relapsing polychondritis (RP) manifests as an inflammation of cartilaginous structures throughout the body. Since RP affects cartilage tissues and proteoglycan-rich structures, symptoms appear in the ear, nose, eye, joints, and respiratory system. Otolaryngologists are frequently involved in RP's initial diagnosis, since it is likely to affect the head and neck regions. The etiology of RP remains unknown and it is relatively uncommon, so appropriate treatment remains to be determined. We studied the clinical course and treatment response. METHODS: We studied clinical courses in 12 cases of RP treated at our hospital in the 11 years from 1991 to 2001. RESULTS: In 11 of the 12 cases, conventional steroid therapy was implemented. Five required steroid pulse therapy, and 7 immunosuppressive drugs to control the disease. Strong initial therapy such as steroid pulse therapy plus immunosuppressive drugs suppressed inflammation and decreased its relapse in severe RP patients. One patient could be controlled only with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Side effects such as cataracts and diabetes from steroid therapy or pancytopenia from Dapson were found in some patients. All 12 are alive at present. Six were subsequently released from steroid therapy. Anti-type II collagen antibody was not useful as an indicator for treatment but helpful as one of a complementary factors for diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Manifestations of RP are sometimes self-limited, but in most cases, inflammation is recurrent, gradually worsening and finally becoming life-threatening. It is difficult to determine the severity of RP and choose appropriate treatment in its initial stage. Because severe RP cannot be controlled with conventional steroid therapy, strong therapy is indicated in initial treatment if patients have serious symptoms.     

Endoscopic treatment of severe tracheal stenosis

OBJECTIVES: Endoscopic treatment of subglottic and tracheal stenosis has traditionally been reserved for short-segment and web-like stenoses with normal cartilage. This retrospective case series review was undertaken to examine my experience with definitive endoscopic treatment for circumferential and complete tracheal stenosis with loss of cartilaginous support. METHODS: Patients who presented with tracheostomy dependence or dyspnea as a result of clinically significant tracheal stenosis over a 2-year period were treated endoscopically. Mitomycin C was applied after dilation in 19 patients. Three patients with complete stenosis and cartilage collapse underwent endoscopic placement of a silicone elastic stent, which was in place for less than 23 days. RESULTS: Twenty patients were treated for tracheal stenosis over a 2-year period. No surgical complications were observed after operation in the endoscopic treatment group. Three of 6 patients with complete stenoses and 8 of 10 patients with circumferential stenoses with cartilage involvement gained airways that remained patent. Nine patients' stenoses resolved after the initial treatment. Three patients (15%) eventually required tracheal resection. The follow-up periods ranged from 5 to 25 months. CONCLUSIONS: Although some limitations apply, severe and complete tracheal stenoses may be successfully treated endoscopically with the techniques described. Definitive endoscopic treatment may be considered before tracheal resection in select cases. Endoscopic treatment is associated with few complications, low morbidity, a short operative time, and a short length of hospitalization.     

声带麻痹病因分析和治疗方法的探讨

目的：寻找声带麻痹的病因和有效的治疗方法。方法：分析65例声带麻痹患者的临床资料，65例患者均经间接喉镜、动态喉镜或电子喉镜检查；其中31例行杓状软骨拨动术治疗。结果：由颈、胸部肿瘤引起声带麻痹14例；感染引起9例；颈、胸、腹部手术引起16例；气管插管引起12例；胃管插管引起3例；不明原因11例。治疗后声带麻痹消失37例，好转1例，有效率为58．46％；无效27例。结论：临床上对声音嘶哑的患者，应进行常规的间接喉镜、动态喉镜或电子喉镜检查。对有声带麻痹的患者应尽早在间接喉镜、直接喉镜或支撑喉镜下行杓状软骨拨动术。     

以气道受累为主的复发性多软骨炎临床诊治进展

复发性多软骨炎(RP)是一种以软骨及富含蛋白多糖的组织受累为主的免疫性多系统疾病,该病十分罕见,临床表现因受累部位不同而差异较大,目前仍无特异性辅助检查作为有效确诊手段,临床诊断较困难,以气道受累为主的患者,可隐匿起病,症状不典型,易误诊和漏诊,但气道受累时病情进展较快,晚期出现喉气管狭窄时治疗相当棘手且预后不佳,给气道管理带来了更大的挑战,因此针对气道受累的RP患者,临床医生应尽可能鉴别并提高早期诊断率,治疗上不仅要采取全身治疗,还要辅以局部治疗管理气道,本文就气道受累的复发性多软骨炎的诊治进展作一综述,为临床医师提供参考。     

复发性多软骨炎

目的提高对复发性多软骨炎(relapsingpoly-chondritis,RP)的认识和早期诊断水平。方法结合文献回顾分析34例RP临床病例资料,重点分析RP在耳鼻咽喉科方面的表现。结果全部34例均有耳、鼻、喉或气管等部位的受累表现,累及其中两处以上者27例(79%),以这几个部位的表现为首发症状或体征者鼻19例(56%),喉19例(56%),气管18例(53%),支气管18例(53%),关节或/和肋软骨22例(65%),眼部15例(44%)。首诊于耳鼻咽喉科者10例。首次发作确诊者仅13例(38%)。确诊前病情反复发作最多者达8次。结论RP的早期表现不典型,易误诊漏诊。早期确诊的关键是熟知该病的临床特点和诊断标准。     

侵犯喉气管支气管的复发性多软骨炎

分析喉,气管和支气管受侵的复发性多软骨炎临床特点及预后。方法回顾性分析１３例侵犯喉,气管和支气管的ＲＰ患者临床资料。结果１９８３年－１９９８８年间我院收治２０例ＲＰ中,１３例累及喉,气管和支气管,病变范围为弥漫性或局限性,病变部位：喉,气管,支气管。     

伴气管狭窄的复发性多软骨炎3例

目的 探讨复发性多软骨炎（RP）的临床特点及诊治方法。方法 分析3例复发性多软骨炎患者的临床资料、相关检查结果及治疗方法,并结合文献复习。结果 3例病理检查确诊的RP患者均有典型临床表现,内镜、CT三维重建等检查可明确病变范围和严重程度,均予糖皮质激素及免疫抑制剂治疗,症状早期均有不同程度改善,但症状反复。1例复发后接受喉气管成型支架扩张术,随访至今病情稳定;1例于诊断后2年死亡;1例5年后死亡。结论 RP是一种少见的原因不明的累及全身系统的疾病,诊断需结合临床表现、CT、气管镜检查及病理检查等。糖皮质激素及免疫抑制剂能在早期部分缓解患者的症状,气管切开及狭窄气道重建能较好解除呼吸道梗柤,延长生存时间,但气道受累的RP预后较差。     

The incidence of thyroid cartilage invasion through the anterior commissure in clinically early-staged laryngeal cancer

In this study, the incidence of thyroid cartilage invasion in early-stage laryngeal tumors involving anterior commissure was assessed. Medical charts and pathology reports of 62 patients who underwent supracricoid partial laryngectomy as the primary treatment of early-staged laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups according to the macroscopic examination of the surgical specimen: tumors limited to the glottis with the involvement of anterior commissure (TLG); tumors invading both supraglottis and glottis with the involvement of anterior commissure (TISG). Thirty-seven of the cases were classified as TLG group (59.7 %) and the remaining 25 of them were classified as TISG group (40.3 %). Thyroid cartilage invasion was observed totally in ten patients (16.1 %), as macroscopic invasion in two cases and microinvasion in eight patients. Only two were in the TLG group (cartilage invasion rate of 5.4 %), the remaining eight were in the TISG group (cartilage invasion rate of 32 %). Thyroid cartilage invasion rate of TISG group was significantly higher than that of TLG group (p = 0.011, p < 0.05). Tumors limited to the glottis with AC involvement may be more suitable for endoscopic resection; on the contrary, tumors with vertical extension invading both AC and supraglottis should be evaluated more suspiciously due to high rate of thyroid cartilage invasion, which may still necessitate external laryngectomy techniques.