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微囊藻毒素的细胞毒性研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
微囊藻毒素是微囊藻等淡水藻类产生的一类具有生物活性的环状7肽物质,它能抑制蛋白磷酸酶1和蛋白磷酸酶2A的活性,打破细胞内蛋白磷酸化/脱磷酸化的平衡,引起细胞损伤甚至坏死,对多种细胞产生毒性作用。本文就微囊藻毒素对不同细胞的毒性作用和机制及相关研究进行综述。 相似文献
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淡水湖泊微囊藻毒素的污染和毒理学研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
微囊藻毒素是淡水湖泊蓝藻产生的一类肽类毒素 ,它的产生受到藻类的遗传和环境因素共同影响。微囊藻毒以肝脏为靶器官 ,通过多种作用引起肝细胞坏死 ,抑制蛋白磷酸酶 1(PP1)和蛋白磷酸酶 2A(PP2A)的活性 ,具有致癌性 ,是肿瘤促进剂。微囊藻及其毒素的污染已成为一个受人关注的公共卫生问题。由于微囊藻毒素污染的广泛性、持续性以及它所具有的热稳定性和水溶性 ,可能存在潜在的食品安全问题。本文综述了微囊藻及其毒素的污染、微囊藻毒素的产生原因和毒理学研究现状 ,预防的基本原则 ,并就其在食品安全方面将要开展的工作提出了一些建议 相似文献
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藻类肝毒素毒理学研究进展 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
晏晓容 《国外医学:卫生学分册》1999,26(4):230-233
藻类肝毒素主要由污染水体的蓝绿藻产生,其主要靶器官为肝脏。整体和离体动物实验均表明,藻类肝毒素的作用机机制可能与蛋白磷酸酶-1和蛋白磷酸酶-2A的抑制有关。本文对藻类肝毒素在分子结构,急慢性毒性以及毒作用机制等方面的研究进展加以综述。 相似文献
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水环境中微囊藻毒素检测技术研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
微囊藻毒素主要是由蓝绿藻产生的一类毒素,是淡水水体污染范围最广的一类藻毒素。随着水体受藻类毒素污染频度的增加,微囊藻毒素受关注的程度亦日渐加大,对自然水体中微囊藻毒素的检测和控制也变得越来越重要,而检测更是控制的基础。选择一种快速、经济、敏感的检测水环境中微囊藻毒素的方法已必不可少。笔者较详细地综述了目前国内外微囊藻毒素的各种检测方法及其成果,指出了其优缺点,并在此基础上,展望了自然水体中微囊藻毒素检测方法的发展方向。 相似文献
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Microcystins analysis was conducted in field cyanobacterial bloom samples and dead terrapin tissues from Lake Oubeira (Algeria) with an aim of studying the cause of the mortality of the freshwater terrapin species Emys orbicularis and Mauremys leprosa during October 2005. The deaths of these two terrapin species were observed during a bloom of Microcystis spp. The total microcystin content per phytoplankton biomass evaluated with the methanol extraction-protein phosphatase methodology was 1.12 mg MCYST-LR equivalents/g dried bloom material. The analysis of this bloom extract by the LC/MS technique demonstrated the presence of three microcystin variants: microcystin-LR (MCYST-LR), microcystin-YR (MCYST-YR), and microcystin-RR (MCYST-RR). Microcystins were also detected in fresh carcasses of terrapin liver, viscera and muscle tissues using the GC/MS after Lemieux oxidation method and the PP2A inhibition assay. The high level of microcystins detected using the Lemieux oxidation-GC/MS method in the liver tissue (1192.8 microg MCYST-LR equivalent/g dw) and in the viscera tissue (37.19 microg MCYST-LR equivalent/g dw) of the species M. leprosa and E. orbicularis, respectively, and the liver crumbling observed after the necropsy examination of the fresh carcass of M. leprosa support the possibility that cyanobacterial microcystins contribute to the turtle mortalities. 相似文献
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Palikova M Mares J Kopp R Hlavkova J Navratil S Adamovsky O Chmelar L Blaha L 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2011,87(1):26-30
The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics of accumulation and elimination of microcystins in the tissues of Nile
tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and to evaluate the effect of cyanobacterial exposure on fish muscle quality (levels of total fat and ash, protein, dry
matter and the composition of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids). Fish were exposed for 28 days to
a natural cyanobacterial bloom with total microcystin concentration around 1,200 μg g−1 biomass dry weight. The hepatopancreas accumulated microcystins up to 350 ng g−1 fresh weight, but concentrations in muscle were generally below the detection limit (2 ng g−1 fresh weight). Following the exposure, fish were moved to the clean water, but only minor microcystin removal from the hepatopancreas
was observed during a 4 week depuration period. Exposures of tilapia to the complex cyanobacterial bloom had only minor and
temporary impacts on the investigated parameters of dietetic quality. 相似文献
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目的探讨黄河滩地傍河取水工程对黄河水中微囊藻毒素的去除效果。方法 2008年夏秋季节(5月6日至11月5日),对黄河和傍河取水工程"九·五"滩地5眼管井进行了6个月的水样采集,每季8次,共16次,ELISA法测定水样中微囊藻毒素含量。结果黄河水中微囊藻毒素含量均在国家《生活饮用水卫生标准》微囊藻毒素-LR基准值以下,且秋季微囊藻毒素含量平均值高于夏季(P<0.01),滩地5眼管井中微囊藻毒素含量均低于黄河水,傍河取水工程对微囊藻毒素的去除效果与距黄河干道距离无关。结论傍河取水工程对微囊藻毒素有着很好的去除效果。 相似文献
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蓝藻提取物对原代培养大鼠肝细胞的毒性作用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用蓝藻提取物处理大鼠肝细胞,通过测定乳酸脱氢酶渗出率、显微镜直接观察细胞形态改变及吖啶橙/溴乙啶联合染色后观察细胞核的改变来评价其毒性作用及方式。结果:乳酸脱氢酶渗出率呈明显的剂量和时间效应式增加;细胞形态改变包括收缩、变圆、变小、出现胞膜包;细胞核的改变有碎裂、浓缩、染色质收缩等,发生这类改变的细胞占总细胞数的比例随剂量和时间的增加而增加。结论:蓝藻提取物对原代培养大鼠肝细胞有明显的毒作用,其主要作用方式是引起凋亡 相似文献
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Cyanobacterial toxins: removal during drinking water treatment, and human risk assessment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) produce toxins that may present a hazard for drinking water safety. These toxins (microcystins, nodularins, saxitoxins, anatoxin-a, anatoxin-a(s), cylindrospermopsin) are structurally diverse and their effects range from liver damage, including liver cancer, to neurotoxicity. The occurrence of cyanobacteria and their toxins in water bodies used for the production of drinking water poses a technical challenge for water utility managers. With respect to their removal in water treatment procedures, of the more than 60 microcystin congeners, microcystin-LR (L, L-leucine; R, L-arginine) is the best studied cyanobacterial toxin, whereas information for the other toxins is largely lacking. In response to the growing concern about nonlethal acute and chronic effects of microcystins, the World Health Organization has recently set a new provisional guideline value for microcystin-LR of 1.0 microg/L drinking water. This will lead to further efforts by water suppliers to develop effective treatment procedures to remove these toxins. Of the water treatment procedures discussed in this review, chlorination, possibly micro-/ultrafiltration, but especially ozonation are the most effective in destroying cyanobacteria and in removing microcystins. However, these treatments may not be sufficient during bloom situations or when a high organic load is present, and toxin levels should therefore be monitored during the water treatment process. In order to perform an adequate human risk assessment of microcystin exposure via drinking water, the issue of water treatment byproducts will have to be addressed in the future. 相似文献
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某湖周围水厂源水及出厂水微囊藻毒素调查 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
应用酶联免疫吸附试验对于1996年8月至9月间从某湖周围7个自来水厂的源水和出厂自来水样进行微囊藻毒素测定。结果从7个自来水厂不同时期采集的源水样中均检测到此毒素,其浓度范围在280~35300ng/L之间;另外在3个自来水厂的出厂水中检出低浓度的毒素(128~1400ng/L)。提示常用的饮水消毒处理并不能完全消除水体中的微囊藻毒素。 相似文献
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目的:探讨快速检测方法(ELISA)检测饮用水中微囊藻毒素的实用性和优越性。方法:按要求采集农村集中式水厂源水,同时用HPLC法和ELISA法双盲测定,比较结果;选择微囊藻毒素高、中、低3种不同浓度的水体,分别加入不同浓度的微囊藻毒素标准用ELISA法各进行6次测定,统计出相应的回收率及相对标准偏差。结果:ELISA法检测饮用水中微囊藻毒素准确度及精密度较理想,与HPLC法比较,无显著性差异(P〉0.05)。结论:ELISA法实用、准确、简便、快速,适合大批量样品的测定。 相似文献