阿柏西普治疗新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性——2017欧洲视网膜专家学会共识解读

阿柏西普治疗新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性（neovascular age-related macular degeneration,nAMD）效果较好,但大部分眼科医生尚不清楚治疗方式与周期的选择。通常认为阿柏西普治疗nADM应最少持续1 a（48周）,并且每8周给药1次（即给药6次）,在第1年治疗结束时（实际在进行第11个月的随访时）,应考虑两种治疗方案:不延长治疗间隔即维持固定的每8周给药1次,或延长治疗间隔时间,最长可延长至12周。考虑不延长治疗间隔的标准是:持续性黄斑水肿但视力稳定、复发性黄斑水肿、水肿伴视力下降、黄斑出血、脉络膜新生血管形成或任何其他渗出性疾病活动征象,威胁到视力需临床医生提供建议时。对于干性黄斑（即没有黄斑渗出）和视力稳定患者,推荐延长治疗间隔时间。此外,如果视力和（或）解剖结果恶化,治疗间隔时间也可以缩短。对于黄斑无渗液的眼睛,可以考虑不进行治疗监测,完成一整年监测而不需要注射药物的患者可以考虑出院。对在治疗延长期间疾病复发患者和因出院或终止治疗后疾病复发的患者,需恢复固定的每8周给药1次的治疗方式。对于双眼nAMD患者,双眼均需根据实际情况确定治疗时间表。     

雷珠单抗和阿柏西普对年龄相关性黄斑变性患者外层视网膜管状结构的影响

目的　分析雷珠单抗和阿柏西普对年龄相关性黄斑变性（age-related macular degeneration,AMD）患者外层视网膜管状结构（outer retinal tubulation,ORT）的影响。方法　收集2016年2月至2018年1月医院收治的110例（142眼）AMD患者的临床资料，按治疗方式分为雷珠单抗组（65例82眼）与阿柏西普组（45例60眼），均完成术后2 a随访，记录治疗前后两组患者视力、黄斑中心凹厚度（central foveal thickness,CFT）及ORT的变化。结果　基线、治疗后6个月两组治疗眼数比较差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05），治疗后12个月、24个月雷珠单抗组治疗眼数比例（86.59%、26.83%)均高于阿柏西普组（55.00%、0,均为P<0.05）。两组治疗后6个月、12个月、24个月最佳矫正视力均有不同程度上升［雷珠单抗组:77.18±10.21、74.24±12.46、73.36±10.71；阿柏西普组:75.45±13.56、75.71±14.74、72.65±11.99］，均高于同组治疗前［59.15±13.92、59.21±14.01］（均为P<0.05），但组间差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。两组治疗后6个月、12个月、24个月CRT［雷珠单抗组:（345.22±30.71）μm、（340.37±41.05）μm、（341.67±42.02）μm；阿柏西普组:（346.87±29.68）μm、（341.65±42.65）μm、（343.41±40.87）μm］均较治疗前［（389.57±58.65）μm、（388.67±57.54）μm］降低（均为P<0.05），但组间不同时间点比较差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。治疗后6个月、12个月、24个月两组ORT（雷珠单抗组:34.15%、46.34%、60.98%；阿柏西普组:40.00%、60.00%、68.33%）均较基线上升（18.29%、23.33%），但组间比较差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。结论　湿性AMD患者ORT患病率随时间的推移增加，抗VEGF药物治疗可改善患者视力及黄斑形态，但无法抑制ORT进展，必须重视鉴别ORT与视网膜下液及水肿，减少过度治疗。     

新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性治疗进展

年龄相关性黄斑变性是西方国家65岁以上人群视力损害和视力丧失的重要原因,是目前我国第三大致盲性眼病,主要影响中心视力。血管内皮生长因子在新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性的发病机制中起着重要的作用,目前抗血管内皮生长因子治疗已成为临床一线治疗方法。但仍有一部分患者需反复注射或不应答,因此需探索新的治疗方式进一步完善当前治疗,为今后新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性的治疗提供新思路。     

康柏西普治疗渗出性年龄相关性黄斑变性的临床观察

目的:分析康柏西普治疗渗出性年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,ARMD)的临床疗效.方法:选择2016-01/2017-01我院眼科收治的渗出性ARMD患者21例21眼为研究对象,所有患者均行玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普0.05mL(0.5mg).术后随访3mo,观察术前、术后1wk,1、3mo最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)和黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(central macular thickness,CMT)的变化.结果:术前和术后1wk,1、3mo患者BCVA分别为0.9±1.4、0.7±1.2、0.5±1.1、0.4±0.9.手术前后患者BCVA具有时间差异性(F=49.12,P<0.001).术后1wk,1mo分别与术前比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后3 mo与术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后3mo,视力改善19眼,视力不变2眼.术前、术后1wk,1、3 mo患者CMT分别为404.25±68.76、354.25±43.12、271.75±32.30、218.30±24.70μm.手术前后患者CMT具有时间差异性(F=2487.45,P<0.001).术后1wk,1、3 mo分别与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001).未发现与药物有关的全身不良反应及眼部并发症.结论:玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普治疗渗出性ARMD疗效显著.     

曲安奈德联合阿柏西普治疗雷珠单抗应答不良的湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性

目的:比较阿柏西普玻璃体内注射联合曲安奈德后部眼球筋膜下注射治疗抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)药物雷珠单抗应答不良的湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性(ARMD)的效果及安全性。方法:回顾性队列研究。2018-06/2020-05对抗VEGF药物雷珠单抗治疗应答不良的难治性ARMD 60例60眼,随机分为阿柏西普对照组及曲安奈德联合阿柏西普观察组,每组30例30眼。两组患者每月1次分别行单纯阿柏西普玻璃体内注射或阿柏西普玻璃内注射联合曲安奈德后部眼球筋膜下注射,连续注射3次。分别于注射前和注射第3次后1、3、6mo进行复查视力(BCVA)、黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT)及眼压的改变。结果:两组患者在治疗后1、3、6mo的BCVA及CMT均明显好转(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后1mo平均眼压较前升高,但仍在正常范围,两组眼压比较有差异(17.50±4.60 vs 18.30±3.73mmHg,P<0.05)。结论:曲安奈德后部眼球筋膜下注射联合阿柏西普玻璃体内注射治疗湿性ARMD,有效地减轻黄斑区水肿并改善视力,更加安全可靠。     

玻璃体腔注射康柏西普与阿柏西普治疗湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性的疗效比较

目的:比较连续4次玻璃体腔注射康柏西普与阿柏西普治疗湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性(wARMD)的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2019-01/2021-01于我院确诊为wARMD并行玻璃体腔注射治疗的患者108例108眼的临床资料,依据注射药物不同分为康柏西普组(54例54眼)与阿柏西普组(54例54眼),均接受玻璃体腔注射治疗,每月注射1次,连续注射4次。随访12mo,观察注药前后BCVA、CMT及注药后并发症和复发情况。结果:注药后1、2、5、8mo两组患者BCVA和CMT均无组间差异(P>0.05),但均较注药前显著改善(P<0.05)。至随访结束,康柏西普组早期发生结膜出血2眼,阿柏西普组则出现眼压增高和结膜出血各1眼,两组患者均未见视网膜脱离、并发性白内障、眼内炎及视网膜色素上皮撕裂等与注药相关的严重并发症发生,且两组间复发率比较无差异(7%vs 6%,P=1.000)。结论:连续4次玻璃体腔注射康柏西普与阿柏西普均可安全有效地治疗wARMD,疗效均势。     

采用治疗—延长方案进行阿柏西普玻璃体内注射治疗新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性专家共识(2021版)

新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性(nAMD)是临床上影响视力和致盲的重要原因之一。采用阿柏西普治疗—延长(T&E)方案治疗nAMD的疗效确切,可减少患者玻璃体内注射和随访次数,减轻医生随访和患者的经济负担。目前我国眼科临床医生对阿柏西普T&E治疗方案的优势、规范的治疗路径及在操作中的注意事项尚缺乏系统的了解,大大限制了该治...     

年龄相关性黄斑变性的治疗进展

最近美国国家眼科研究所公布了“年龄相关性眼病研究”(ａｇｅ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄｅｙｅｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓｔｕｄｙ ,ＡＲＥＤＳ)的结果。在美国 ,年龄相关性黄斑变性 (ａｇｅ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄｍａｃｕｌａｒｄｅｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ,ＡＲＭＤ)和老年性白内障是导致视力下降和致盲的首要原因。目前美国约有 170万ＡＲＭＤ患者 ,其中近 10万患者已失明。至今 ,对于晚期ＡＲＭＤ的治疗方法非常有限 ,也无有效的措施减缓中期ＡＲＭＤ的进展。随着人类寿命的延长 ,ＡＲＭＤ患者将会急剧增加。如果仍然无有效的治疗和预防方法 ,ＡＲＭＤ盲人将成为不…     

年龄相关性黄斑变性的治疗研究进展

年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)又称为老年性黄斑变性,常伴有进行性视力损害,严重影响老年人的生存质量,是全世界第三位不可逆性致盲眼病。虽然AMD目前尚未成为我国人群致盲的首要原因,但是随着社会的老龄化,AMD在我国的发病率也逐渐升高。近年来,国内外学者对AMD进行了大量深入的研究,对本病有了更进一步的认识,现就AMD目前有关的治疗方法及其进展做一综述。     

Progress of clinical therapies for dry age-related macular degeneration

Dry age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is a progressive blinding disease that currently affects millions of people worldwide with no successful treatment available.Significant research efforts are currently underway to develop therapies aimed at slowing the progression of this disease or,more notably,reversing it.Here the therapies which have reached clinical trial for treatment of dry AMD were reviewed.A thorough search of Pub Med,Embase,and Clinicaltrials.gov has led to a comprehensive collection of the most recent strategies being evaluated.This review also endeavors to assess the status and future directions of therapeutics for this debilitating condition.     

Intravitreal conbercept injection for neovascular age-related macular degeneration

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of conbercept in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: Retrospective review of 66 eyes of 63 patients with neovascular AMD. All patients received 0.5 mg intravitreal injections of conbercept monthly for 3 consecutive months, and then pro re nata treatment was performed. The changes of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were observed before and after treatments. Minimum follow-up time was 12mo. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The mean BCVA and CMT of 66 eyes (63 patients) were 1.11±0.60, 533.20±219.95 μm at baseline, and were 0.68±0.38, 310.28±125.60 μm at 3mo. No subjects were lost during the first three months, the improvements were all significantly (P<0.05). During the whole follow-up time of 12mo, 15 subjects (18 eyes) were lost. The mean BCVA and CMT of the rest 48 eyes with the follow-up time at least 1y were 0.83±0.46 and 547.59±196.77 μm at baseline, after 3mo and 12mo of conbercept injections became 0.55±0.41, 318.24±141.29 μm and 0.55±0.51, 333.87±173.25 μm. The differences were significant (P<0.05). No serious complications were observed. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of conbercept appears to significantly improve visual acuity and anatomical outcomes in patients with neovascular AMD, no serious adverse reactions and complications are observed.     

Bevacizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Chinese patients in a clinical setting

AIM: To determine the outcome of non-investigational treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 81 eyes with neovascular AMD followed-up for at least 12mo and received 3-monthly loading IVB injections. Re-treat was based upon the individual clinician’s judgment. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography measurements of central foveal thickness outcomes were evaluated at 12, 24mo. RESULTS: Eighty-one eyes (of 75 patients) completed 12mo of follow-up and 44 eyes (of 41 patients) completed 24mo of follow-up. The mean baseline logMAR BCVA significantly improved from 0.94±0.69 to 0.85±0.68 at 12mo (P<0.001) and from 0.91±0.65 to 0.85±0.60 (P=0.004) at 24mo. The proportion of eyes that lost <15 logMAR letters at 12mo was 90.1% and at 24mo was 81.8%. IVB was effective in improving visual acuity in both treatment naïve and previous photodynamic therapy (PDT)-treated subgroups. Treatment naive patients required significantly fewer injections than patients with prior PDT. Multiple regression analysis identified that poorer baseline visual acuity was associated with greater improvement in visual acuity (P=0.015). CONCLUSION: Fewer injections in clinical practice may result in suboptimal visual outcomes compared with clinical trials of IVB in neovascular AMD patients. Poor baseline visual acuity and prior PDT treatment may also improve vision after IVB. The safety and durability of effect was maintained at 24mo.     

眼底自发荧光在年龄相关性黄斑变性中的应用指南(2023)

眼底自发荧光(FAF)成像是基于视网膜色素上皮和脉络膜中的眼内源性荧光团激发的荧光进行成像的技术,荧光激发物质主要是脂褐质(LF)和黑色素。由于该无创检查技术可通过观察LF和黑色素在眼底的空间分布来反映视网膜色素上皮的功能状况,在诊断、鉴别和随访年龄相关性黄斑变性(ARMD)上具有独特优势。本指南即对FAF在ARMD不同阶段和分类上的临床应用进行规范和解读。     

新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性患者玻璃体内注射抗血管内皮生长因子药物治疗进展

年龄相关性黄斑变性是引起50岁以上人群视力不可逆性损伤的主要原因之一，新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性（neovascular age-related macular degeneration,nAMD）也称湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性（wet age-related macular degeneration,wAMD），是其晚期阶段，可导致最严重的视力丧失。血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）是脉络膜新生血管和视网膜渗漏形成的主要因素，抗VEGF治疗是目前唯一实现多数患者视力改善并且停止疾病进展的治疗方法，因此玻璃体内注射抗VEGF药物已经成为wAMD一线治疗方法。用于临床治疗wAMD的抗VEGF药物主要有哌加他尼、贝伐单抗、雷珠单抗、阿柏西普和康柏西普。治疗方案有固定式、按需式以及治疗和延长式治疗方案。Brolucizumab和abicipar pegol是2种新的抗VEGF药物，正处于3期临床试验阶段。本文对以上药物治疗wAMD的研究进展进行综述。     

Intravitreal aflibercept in neovascular age-related macular degeneration previously treated with ranibizumab

AIM: To report the change in visual acuity and central macular thickness (CMT) following treatment with intravitreal aflibercept injections in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) with suboptimum response to ranibizumab. METHODS: This was a retrospective study. The inclusion criteria were patients with nAMD who responded poorly to ranibizumab. Patients then received either 3 consecutive aflibercept injections followed by PRN treatment or PRN alone. Primary endpoints were mean change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and CMT at 12mo. Secondary endpoints were number of injections and adverse events. RESULTS: Forty-nine eyes from 49 patients met the inclusion criteria and completed 12-month follow up on aflibercept. Thirty-eight eyes received 3 consecutive aflibercept injections followed by PRN treatment and 11 eyes received pro re nata (PRN) injections alone. At 12mo, mean BCVA improved by one letters (logMAR 0.56±0.31 to 0.54±0.34) and mean CMT decreased from 303.9±82.1 to 259.2±108.3 µm. Four percent of eyes gained 15 letters or more, 6% lost more than 15 letters and the remaining 90% had stable BCVA. The mean number of aflibercept injections was 6. There was one case of infectious endophthalmitis. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal aflibercept in patients with nAMD with a previous suboptimal response to ranibizumab resulted in an anatomical improvement in macular appearance at 12mo without a corresponding improvement in visual acuity.     

Bevacizumab versus ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration:a Meta-analysis

AIM: To systematically compare the efficacy and safety of off-label bevacizumab versus licensed ranibizumab intravitreal injections as well as monthly regimen versus pro re nata [PRN (as needed)] regimen in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). METHODS: Relevant publications were identified through automatically retrieve of database and manually retrieving. The methodological quality of studies included was assessed using the Jadad score and the risk-of-bias assessment. The efficacy estimates were measured by the weight mean difference (WMD) for the improvement of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) reduction. The safety estimates were measured by odds ratios (OR) for adverse events rates. Statistical analysis was conducted by Revman 5.2.7. RESULTS: Seven studies were included in the Meta-analysis. There were no statistically significant differences between bevacizumab and ranibizumab in BCVA at 1 and 2y (P=0.37, P=0.18, respectively), However, both drugs has better BCVA given monthly than given as needed at 1 and 2y (P<0.05). The results demonstrated the mean decrease in CRT was less in bevacizumab group than ranibizumab group at 1y (P<0.05), while the difference was not significant at 2y (P=0.24). Treatment monthly gained much more decrease in CRT at 1 and 2y (P<0.005). There were no differences between drugs in the rates of death, arterial thrombotic events and venous thrombotic events (P=0.41, P=0.55, P=0.10, respectively), while the rates of medical dictionary for regulatory activities (MedDAR) system organ class events and ≥1 systemic serious adverse events were higher in bevacizumab group than ranibizumab group (P<0.05). But the incidences of death, arterial thrombotic events, venous thrombotic events, MedDAR system organ class events as well as ≥1 systemic serious adverse events were not statistically different between both treatment regimens of monthly and as needed (P=0.14, P=0.76, P=0.73, P=0.12, P=0.11, respectively). CONCLUSION: Bevacizumab was equivalent to ranibizumab for BCVA, however bevacizumab tended to gain less decrease in CRT and had higher rates of serious adverse events. Compared with treatment as needed, treatment monthly showed superior efficacy in BCVA improvement and CRT reduction, while the rates of adverse events were similar in the two dosing regimens.