2009~2018年北京地区经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后患者住院死亡率变化趋势和死亡影响因素的分析

目的:分析北京地区2009~2018年经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后住院死亡率的变化趋势,并评估影响PCI后住院死亡率的医院相关因素。方法:本研究采用2009年1月至2018年12月北京心血管介入质量控制与改进中心的数据库,将纳入研究的56家医院根据最新的中国医疗等级评定分为三甲医院和非三甲医院,分别比较2009~2018年总体PCI后住院死亡率,急诊PCI后住院死亡率和择期PCI后住院死亡率的变化趋势。使用Logistic模型分析PCI后患者住院期间死亡的医院相关因素。结果:10年间北京地区整体PCI后住院死亡率未见明显改变,其中三甲医院的择期PCI后住院死亡率呈明显降低趋势(P<0.01)。多因素分析发现,护士人数(OR=0.923,95%CI:0.886~0.956,P=0.034)、冠心病专用导管室间数(OR=0.947,95%CI:0.863~0.992,P=0.021)和心内科排名(OR=0.552,95%CI:0.397~0.874,P=0.047)与整体PCI后住院死亡风险降低相关,进一步分析发现,冠心病专用导管室间数(OR=0.845,95%CI:0.767~0.916,P=0.012)与三甲医院PCI后住院死亡风险降低相关,而具备高级职称介入医师人数(OR=0.082,95%CI:0.031~0.523,P=0.032)和主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)数目(OR=0.471,95%CI:0.034~0.891,P=0.021)与非三甲医院住院死亡风险降低相关。结论:2009~2018年间,北京地区整体PCI后住院死亡率未见明显改变,但三甲医院的择期PCI后住院死亡率呈明显降低趋势。非三甲医院应当增加高级职称医师的培训和IABP的配备。     

规范化急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗

<正>早期积极开通梗死相关动脉,恢复有效的心肌再灌注是降低ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)患者病死率、改善预后的关键。急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(primary percutaneous coronary intervention,PPCI)是降低STEMI患者病死率最有效的方法。然而我国诊断为STEMI的患者中只有约30%接受了急诊PCI治疗,如果以我国每年心肌梗死发病率50/10万估算,全国只有不到10%的STEMI患者接受了急诊PCI治疗。另一方面,由于患者自身及医疗急救体系等各种原因导致急诊PCI效率低下,北京     

老年人冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入治疗

随着我国逐渐步入老龄化社会,老年冠心病患者的人数日益增加。相对于非老年群体,老年冠心病患者心血管事件的危险因素更多,冠状动脉介入治疗术后的血栓和出血风险更大,因此老年冠心病患者的冠心病介入治疗需要得到更多的关注。本文回顾了老年冠心病患者接受冠状动脉介入治疗的相关进展,并提出老年冠心病介入治疗工作的改进建议。     

糖尿病前期与择期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者炎症水平和复杂冠状动脉病变的相关性研究

目的:探讨在行择期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的糖尿病前期(HbA1c:5.7%～6.4%)患者中FBG和炎症水平及复杂冠状动脉病变的相关性。方法:连续性纳入于我院行择期PCI的糖尿病前期患者885例,根据FBG分为两组,1组为空腹血糖升高(IFG)组(5.6≤FBG7.0 mmol/L),另一组为空腹血糖正常(NFG)组(FBG5.6 mmol/L),记录并比较两组患者的基线特征,炎症指标,包括WBC,hs-CRP,中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR),血小板/淋巴细胞比值(PLR)和冠状动脉病变特点等。结果:基线分析提示,与NFG组相比,IFG组患者的BMI更高(P=0.028),合并高血压者更多, TG以及LDL-C更高(P0.05);比较两组炎症指标后得出,IFG组患者WBC(P=0.028),NLR(P=0.005),PLR(P=0.013),hs-CRP(P=0.028)显著高于NFG组。此外,与NFG组相比,IFG组的3支病变比例更高(P=0.040),GENSINI积分(P=0.014)以及SYNTAX积分(P=0.008)更高。结论:在合并糖尿病前期的择期PCI患者中,IFG患者的亚临床炎症水平更高,冠状动脉病变更严重。     

急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗研究进展

急性心肌梗死的治疗主要涉及药物和介入治疗两个方面。及时有效的经皮冠状动脉介入治疗能迅速开通阻塞的冠状动脉、挽救濒死心肌,降低急性心肌梗死病人的病死率和病残率。现就有关急性心肌梗死的经皮冠状动脉介入治疗研究进展作一综述。     

160例经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者造影剂肾病的预防分析

目的 观察不同年龄、不同血肌酐(Scr)水平和不同造影剂用量患者在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)前、后肾功能的变化,探讨造影剂肾病(CIN)的防治对策.方法 选择我院2003年1月～2007年12月间的PCI患者160例,其中≥65岁64例(老年组);<65岁96例(非老年组);各组根据Scr水平分成132.6 μmol/L≤Scr<265.2 μmol/L和Scr<123.6 μmol/L亚组;根据造影剂用量分成50 ml≤用量<150 ml和用量<50 ml亚组.比较PCI前、后各组、各亚组Scr、肌酐清除率(Ccr)和尿素氮(BUN)水平的变化.结果 老年组中除Scr>132.6μmol/L和用量>50 ml亚组PCI后BUN、Scr水平增高(P<0.05)、Ccr值降低(P<0.05)外,其他各组、各亚组间PCI前后各指标的变化均无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论 PCI时病例选择非常重要,年龄<65岁、Scr<132.6 umoVL时较安全,在Scr<265.2μmol/L时、150 ml以内造影剂对肾功能不会造成严重影响;老年组中Scr>132.6μmol/L、用量>50 ml亚组易出现肾功能损害.对于任何年龄,PCI时应选择Scr<265.2μmol/L的患者;对老年PCI患者,造影剂用量尽量控制在150 ml以内.     

经桡动脉经皮冠状动脉介入治疗致动静脉瘘一例

1临床资料患者男,35岁,主因胸闷6 h急诊入南昌大学第二附属医院心内科。入院心电图示:窦性心律不齐,Ⅲ导联异常Q波。急查肌钙蛋白I(TnI)5.78 ng/ml,肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)53.10 IU/L。体质量指数30 kg/m2。既往高血压、高脂血症病史6年,一直服用氨氯地平(5 mg,每日1次)、厄贝沙坦(150 mg,每日1次),未服用调脂药物。吸烟(20支/日)、饮酒(白酒100 ml/日)10余年。诊断:冠心病,     

糖尿病对选择性经皮冠状动脉介入治疗操作及住院期临床事件的影响

目的　比较冠心病合并与不合并糖尿病的患者选择性经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 (PCI)操作及住院期临床事件发生率,分析糖尿病对选择性PCI操作及住院期临床事件的影响。方法　对2002年 1月至 12月在本院连续进行的全部 1294例选择性PCI并置入支架的患者进行回顾性分析,搜集患者临床资料、介入治疗操作技术特点、住院期间各项预后事件。计算PCI操作成功率、支架置入成功率以及临床成功率,用逐步logistic回归模型分析糖尿病对急性期临床事件的影响。结果　糖尿病患者占总体的 20 .8%,糖尿病患者C型病变、双支、三支病变发生率明显高于非糖尿病者 (P<0 .05)。糖尿病组术前狭窄程度、预扩张球囊平均长度、最大直径、最大充盈压力以及最长充盈时间均显著大于非糖尿病组[分别为 (91 .00±6 .62)%对 (89 .81±6 .64)%, (17. 07±6. 31)mm对 (16 .07±7 .28)mm, (2 .30±1 .11)mm对(2 .12±0 .94)mm, (9 .86±4 .40)atm对(9 05±4 75)atm, (20 .94±14 .69)s对(18. 26±14 .65)s,P<0 .05],而所置入支架平均直径较小 [ ( 3 .15±0 .47 )mm对 ( 3 .23±0. 43)mm,P<0. 05]。糖尿病组与非糖尿病组之间的PCI操作成功率、临床成功率差异无统计学意义(分别为 89 6%对 90 .3%, 99 .3%对 99 .2%,P>0. 05),糖尿病不是发生急性期终     

心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗远期疗效分析

目的 评价并分析急性心肌梗死不同时间经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后的远期结果.方法 共873例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者接受PCI治疗,除住院期间死亡的11例患者,共随访862例.根据行PCI时间的不同,分为急诊PCI组、补救性PC1组及择期PCI组.随访记录患者出院后死亡、主要心脑血管不良事件及心绞痛情况.Cox回归模型分析各组患者发生不良事件的风险.结果 随访4.26 ～ 5.25年(平均随访4.93年),Cox回归分析显示择期PCI组死亡及心衰发生率明显高于急诊PCI组及补救性PCI组(P＜0.05);年龄、吸烟、糖尿病、冠状动脉病变数量及左心室射血分数与PCI预后密切相关.结论 年龄、吸烟、糖尿病、冠状动脉病变数量及左心室射血分数多因素参与PCI预后,急性心肌梗死急诊PCI及补救性PCI治疗较择期PCI治疗的远期疗效好.     

戒烟可延长经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者2．1年的寿命

荷兰一项研究表明,在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的冠心病患者中,戒烟可至少延长2．1年寿命。论文2013—07—29在线发表于〈美国心脏病学会杂志》（JAmCoilCardi01）。     

Blood Transfusion and In‐hospital Outcomes in Anemic Patients with Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Studies have shown poor prognostic implications of anemia in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The impact of blood transfusion in these populations remains controversial. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of transfusion on in‐hospital mortality in anemic patients undergoing PCI for MI. Data from 67,051 PCIs (June 1, 1997 to January 31, 2004) were prospectively collected in a multicenter registry (Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium). Of these, 4,623 patients who were classified as anemic according to the World Health Organization criteria underwent PCI within 7 days of presentation with acute MI. A propensity score for being transfused was estimated for each patient, and propensity matching and a prediction model for in‐hospital death were developed. The average age was 67.8 years, 57.7% of patients were men, and 22.3% of patients received a transfusion during hospitalization. Transfused patients, compared to nontransfused patients, were more likely to be older, female, have lower preprocedure hemoglobin levels, more comorbidities, and a higher unadjusted in‐hospital mortality rate (14.52% vs. 3.01%, p < 0.0001). After adjustment for comorbidities and propensity for transfusion, blood transfusion was associated with a higher risk of in‐hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio = 2.02, 95% confidence interval 1.47–2.79, p < 0.0001). In anemic patients undergoing PCI for MI, transfusion was associated with an increased crude and adjusted rate of in‐hospital mortality. A randomized controlled trial is needed to determine the value of transfusion and the ideal transfusion criteria. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

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冠心病和肿瘤并存的情况越来越常见。肿瘤本身及其治疗影响冠状动脉介入术(PCI)的安全性,PCI术后的二联抗血小板治疗也影响肿瘤的手术治疗。因此,肿瘤患者应尽量避免PCI。肿瘤手术前是否进行预防性PCI取决于术前心脏风险评估的结果。PCI只适用于冠状动脉病变严重或不稳定的肿瘤患者,治疗方式应优选单纯球囊扩张或植入金属裸支架。     

Relationship Between Preprocedural Lipid Levels and Periprocedural Myocardial Injury in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

BackgroundPeriprocedural myocardial injury is a predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention.MethodsThe authors examined the effects of preprocedural lipid levels (low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides) in 977 patients with coronary artery disease who underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention.ResultsElevated cardiac troponin I level (≥5× the upper limit of normal) was used to indicate periprocedural myocardial injury. Serum lipid samples were collected 12 hours preprocedurally. Cardiac troponin I was collected 1, 6, and 12 hours postprocedurally. Correlations between preprocedural lipid levels and postprocedural cardiac troponin I were studied. Low-density lipoprotein levels were less than 70 mg/dL in 70% of patients and greater than 100 mg/dL in only 7.4% of patients; 13% had triglyceride levels greater than or equal to 150 mg/dL, and 96% had high-density lipoprotein levels less than 40 mg/dL. Patients with elevated cardiac troponin I had significantly lower left ventricular ejection fraction than did those with cardiac troponin I levels less than 5× the upper limit of normal (P = .01). Double-and triple-vessel disease were more common in patients with elevated cardiac troponin I (P < .002). Multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses revealed no statistically significant associations between lipid levels and postprocedural cardiac troponin I elevation, possibly because such large proportions of included patients had low levels of low-density lipoprotein (70%) and a history of statin intake (86%).ConclusionThe authors found no association between lipid profile and periprocedural myocardial injury.     

Depression and Angina Among Patients Undergoing Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The OPEN-CTO Registry

Objectives

This study sought to examine depression prevalence among chronic total occlusion (CTO) patients and compared symptom improvement among depressed and nondepressed patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Chronic Kidney Disease and Post–Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Mortality in Patients With Left Main and Equivalent Coronary Artery Disease

BackgroundPatients with chronic kidney disease are underrepresented in registries and in randomized trials of coronary artery disease management. To investigate effects of chronic kidney disease on outcomes of nonemergent percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with left main or left main–equivalent coronary artery disease, we analyzed data from the New York State Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Registry during the calendar year 2015, involving 2,956 elective percutaneous coronary intervention cases. Outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with various degrees of chronic kidney disease and stable left main or left main–equivalent coronary artery disease were compared.MethodsOnly patients with left main or left main–equivalent coronary artery disease and elective percutaneous coronary intervention were included in the study cohort. Patients with acute coronary syndromes within 24 hours of the index percutaneous coronary intervention, patients reported to be in shock, and patients with prior coronary artery bypass surgery were excluded from the study cohort.ResultsIn this cohort, stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease, current congestive heart failure, and left main disease remained statistically significant predictors of post–percutaneous coronary intervention mortality.ConclusionOur findings in this large, statewide cohort indicate that advanced kidney disease is associated with markedly increased post–nonemergent percutaneous coronary intervention mortality.     

A Comparative Study on Post-intervention Use of Tirofiban or Enoxaparin in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of post procedure use of platelet glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲ a receptor in- hibitor （PGI） or low molecular weight heparin （LMWH） in patients with acute coronary syndrome （ACS） undergoing dual anti-platelet loading therapy and percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. Methods This was a prospective randomized grouping controlled study in 174 patients with ACS received aspirin 300 mg plus clopidogrel 600mg loading before PCI. After procedure, patients were randomized to intravenous tirofiban for 12 -24 hours （tirofiban group） or subcutaneous enoxaparin for 5 days （enoxaparin group）. Cardiac ischemic events, major bleeding complications, minor bleeding complications, thrombocytopenia, and vascular access complications in both groups were investigated. Results Cardiac ischemic events, major bleeding complications, minor bleeding complications, thrombocytopenia, and vascular access complications in tirofiban group were 8.0% , 3.4% , 6.8% , 3.4% , and 3.4% , respectively. In enoxaparin group, aforementioned event rates were 7%, 2. 3%, 6. 0%, 2. 3%, and 5.8%, respectively. No statistical significance was found between two groups. Conclusions In the setting of dual anti-platelet medication loading and PCI for the treatment of ACS, it is effective to use tirofiban or enoxaparin for aggressive post procedure antithrombotic therapy. It comes with a very low major bleeding complication rate. Use of GPI for 12 to 24 hours was comparable to use of LMWH for 5 days in efficacy and safety.