低场MRI直接法膝关节造影对半月板损伤与退变的诊断价值

目的 评价直接法低场MRI膝关节造影对半月板退变与损伤的诊断价值.方法 对30例MRI平扫不能明确诊断半月板退变与损伤的病人,进行膝关节直接法造影,以膝关节镜检查为诊断金标准,对比分析常规MRI和直接法MRI膝关节造影对半月板退变与损伤的诊断准确率.结果 常规MRI平扫对半月板退变与损伤的诊断准确率为80%,直接法关节腔造影的诊断准确率为96.7%,效果显著.结论 直接法MRI膝关节造影能够提高半月板退变与损伤的诊断.     

膝关节MRI平扫与直接法造影诊断半月板损伤准确性分析

目的:比较分析MRI平扫与造影MRI对半月板损伤诊断的准确性。方法:100例疑似半月板损伤患者,行MRI矢状位T1WI、T2WI GRE、STIR、PD+Fatsat,冠状位T2WI GRE,平扫后立即在直接关节腔内注射对比剂行矢状位、冠状位、轴位T1WI,层厚4mm、层距1mm。结果:94例经关节镜或手术确诊为半月板撕裂,其中,MRI GRE序列诊断撕裂84例,膝关节MRI造影诊断83例。6例经关节镜或手术确诊为正常或变性,MR GRE序列和膝关节MRI造影也为正常或变性。结论:MRI平扫与MRI造影对半月板损伤的诊断准确性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。     

间接法MRI膝关节造影对半月板撕裂的评价

目的　评价间接法MRI膝关节造影对半月板撕裂的诊断价值。方法　回顾性分析 75例常规MRI膝关节扫描和 6 4例间接法MRI膝关节造影病例资料 ,以膝关节镜检查为诊断金标准 ,对比分析常规MRI和间接法MRI膝关节造影对半月板撕裂的诊断。结果　间接法MRI膝关节造影对内侧半月板撕裂的诊断敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为 72 %,10 0 %,89.1%,10 0 %和 84.8%;对外侧半月板撕裂分别为 83.8%,90 .9%,87.5 %,89.6 %和 85 .7%。与常规MRI比较 ,间接法MRI膝关节造影对内外侧半月板撕裂的诊断能力都没有统计学差异。结论　尽管间接法MRI膝关节造影对内外侧半月板撕裂诊断价值很高 ,但与常规MRI比较没有统计学差异。     

MRI间接膝关节造影诊断半月板损伤的价值

目的:探讨MR I间接膝关节造影诊断半月板撕裂的价值。材料和方法:选取MR I平扫疑似半月板损伤32例,静脉注射常规剂量(0.1mmol/kg)与双倍剂量(0.2mmol/kg)造影剂(Gd-DTPA),运动后延时扫描。参照MR I平扫片对比两组不同浓度MR I关节造影表现。结果:两种不同浓度造影均可使半月板撕裂的高信号增加,以采用0.2mmol/kg造影效果较好。32个半月板,造影后确诊半月板撕裂18例(占56.3%),排除诊断8例(占25%),确诊和排除诊断合计占81.3%,6例可疑,可疑的6例经关节镜检查排除诊断3例。结论:对半月板损伤MR I平扫不能肯定诊断时,行间接膝关节造影对确定或排除诊断是十分必要的。0.1mmol/kg Gd-DTPA能达到诊断目的。     

MRI对膝关节盘状半月板及其损伤的诊断价值

目的:探讨MRI对膝关节盘状半月板及其损伤的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析89例(151个膝关节)盘状半月板及其损伤的MRI、关节镜及手术资料。结果:89例盘状半月板中,88例(150个膝关节)为外侧盘状半月板,1例(1个膝关节)为内侧盘状半月板,表现为半月板增大、增宽、增厚,矢状面上可见≥3个层面前后角相连,冠状面髁间棘层面半月板宽度>15mm。本组中81例(138个膝关节)伴半月板损伤,发生率为91.40%,MRI表现为半月板不同程度变性或撕裂。与膝关节镜及手术对照,MRI图像对半月板损伤诊断的特异度为92.31%、敏感度为99.28%;对Ⅰ～Ⅱ级半月板损伤诊断的符合率为95.00%;对Ⅲ级半月板损伤诊断的符合率为98.98%。结论:MRI能准确判断盘状半月板类型及其损伤的范围和程度,是诊断盘状半月板及其损伤的最佳检查方法。     

The value of MRI in the diagnosis of injury of discoid meniscus

目的:探讨MRI对膝关节盘状半月板及其损伤的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析89例(151个膝关节)盘状半月板及其损伤的MRI、关节镜及手术资料.结果:89例盘状半月板中,88例(150个膝关节)为外侧盘状半月板,1例(1个膝关节)为内侧盘状半月板,表现为半月板增大、增宽、增厚,矢状面上可见≥3个层面前后角相连,冠状面髁闻棘层面半月板宽度>15 mm.本组中81例(138个膝关节)伴半月板损伤,发生率为91.40%,MRI表现为半月板不同程度变性或撕裂.与膝关节镜及手术对照,MRI图像对半月板损伤诊断的特异度为92.31%、敏感度为99.28%,对I～Ⅱ级半月板损伤诊断的符合率为95.00%;对Ⅲ级半月板损伤诊断的符合率为98.98%.结论:MRI能准确判断盘状半月板类型及其损伤的范围和程度,是诊断盘状半月板及其损伤的最佳检查方法.     

膝关节损伤的前瞻性研究:MRI诊断与关节镜对照

目的:探讨MRI诊断膝关节损伤的有效性.材料和方法:对2002年10月至2003年8月共126例临床高度怀疑膝关节损伤的患者,行MRI和关节镜检查,以关节镜结果为金标准,前瞻性分析MRI的敏感性和特异性.结果:111例MRI提示膝关节损伤的患者进行了关节镜检查或治疗,其中有107例证明关节镜检查是必要的;15例MRI提示膝关节无明显病变的患者进行了关节镜检查或治疗,4例表明关节镜检查是必要的.MRI的总体敏感性和特异性分别为96.4%、73.3%,准确度93.7%,其中内侧半月板撕裂敏感性和特异性分别为90.6%、96.8%,准确度95.2%,外侧半月板撕裂敏感性和特异性分别为90.3%、93.8%,准确度92.1%,前交叉韧带完全撕裂的敏感性和特异性分别为85.7%、99.1%,准确度97.6%.结论:MRI是诊断膝关节损伤的可靠的工具,能有效地鉴别出临床高度怀疑膝关节损伤的患者中需要关节镜检查及治疗的患者.     

膝关节碘水造影对半月板损伤的诊断价值

回顾分析了 1992年 2月 - 1994年 4月 41例怀疑半月板损伤患者的膝关节造影结果 ,并与关节镜诊断结果作对比。结果显示 :内侧半月板诊断准确率为 85 4% ,外侧半月板为 6 5 9%。提示膝关节造影能为内侧半月板损伤提供精确的诊断 ,其准确率可接近MRI。     

半月板损伤的MRI诊断与关节镜对照研究

目的：评价MRI对半月板损伤的诊断价值,为临床诊断和治疗半月板损伤提供可靠的影像学依据。方法：对138例拟行关节镜术的膝关节疼痛患者进行术前MRI检查,并于MRI检查后2周内行关节镜术。结果：符合纳入标准的84例患者中,与关节镜结果对照,MRI诊断半月板Ⅰ级损伤、Ⅱ级损伤的符合率分别为100%和91.1%;诊断半月板撕裂的敏感度、特异度、符合率、Kappa值分别为91.5%、90.7%、91.1%和0.82;对半月板撕裂类型诊断的敏感度、特异度、符合率和Kappa值分别为90.9%、85.7%、88.1%和0.76。结论：与关节镜比较,MRI显示半月板Ⅰ、Ⅱ级损伤时的内部信号改变更敏感。MRI诊断半月板撕裂,与关节镜结果具有极好的一致性,并能准确评价半月板撕裂类型。MRI检查可作为评价半月板损伤的首选方法,对半月板损伤临床治疗方案的选择具有重要指导意义。     

MRI与关节镜诊断半月板损伤价值的对照研究

目的 分析MRI诊断半月板损伤的价值,为临床诊断和治疗半月板损伤提供依据.资料与方法 符合纳入标准的168例患者(均为单膝半月板受损),共336个半月板.对膝关节进行术前MRI检查,并于MRI检查后8周内行关节镜术.半月板损伤的MRI分级标准参考Fischer分级法,分为Ⅰ级损伤、Ⅱ级损伤、Ⅲ级损伤;关节镜分级,分为正常、纤毛化和撕裂.结果 与关节镜结果对照,MRI诊断半月板Ⅰ、Ⅱ级损伤的准确性分别为100%、92.9%.诊断半月板撕裂的敏感性、特异性、阳性似然比、准确性、Kappa值分别为93.1%、89.3%、8.7、91.1%、0.82.对半月板撕裂类型诊断总的灵敏性、特异性、阳性似然比、准确性、Kappa值分别为92.0%、79.8%、4.6、84.8%和0.70.结论 MRI不仅能够准确评价半月板损伤程度,而且还能对半月板撕裂进行准确分型.因此,MRI可广泛应用于半月板损伤性疾病的诊断,并进一步指导临床治疗方案的选择.     

间接磁共振膝关节腔内造影诊断膝关节半月板撕裂的价值

目的:通过比较临床检查、常规磁共振检查(MRI)、间接磁共振膝关节腔内造影检查(间接MRA)和膝关节镜术中所见,探讨间接MRA用于膝关节半月板撕裂诊断中的价值.材料和方法:本次研究中我们共收集125例曾行膝关节镜手术患者,全部患者都经过详细的病史采集和体格检查,其中57例患者术前行MRI检查,其中21例患者做MRI检查后立即做间接MRA,以膝关节镜为金标准,对各种检查发现进行互相比较.结果:①临床检查:敏感性75.47%、特异性69.44%、准确性72.00%.②MRI检查:敏感性82.86%、特异性54.55%、准确性71.93%.③间接MRA检查:敏感性100%、特异性90.00%、准确性95.23%.结论:间接MRA在诊断膝关节半月板撕裂方面具有很高的敏感性、特异性和准确性.     

Diagnosis of recurrent meniscal tears: prospective evaluation of conventional MR imaging, indirect MR arthrography, and direct MR arthrography

PURPOSE: To prospectively investigate the accuracy of conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, direct MR arthrography, and indirect MR arthrography in assessment of possible recurrent or residual meniscal tears. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three hundred sixty-four patients who had previously undergone meniscal preservation surgery were prospectively examined with conventional MR imaging, indirect MR arthrography, and direct MR arthrography. Ninety-four patients (104 postoperative menisci) underwent subsequent second-look arthroscopic surgery. Each case was evaluated for (a) surfacing intrameniscal intermediate- or T1-weighted signal intensity, (b) surfacing intrameniscal T2-weighted signal intensity, (c) morphologic changes beyond those expected postoperatively, (d) joint effusion on conventional MR or indirect MR arthrographic studies, and (e) overall presence or absence of recurrent meniscal tear. RESULTS: Seventy-one arthroscopically proved recurrent meniscal tears were found. In the diagnosis of recurrent meniscal tears, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 86%, 67%, 83%, 71%, and 80%, respectively, for conventional MR imaging; 83%, 78%, 90%, 64%, and 81%, respectively, for indirect MR arthrography; and 90%, 78%, 90%, 78%, and 85%, respectively, for direct MR arthrography. No significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy of one method relative to another was observed (P >.54). Surfacing intrameniscal T2-weighted signal intensity was the most specific sign, with the highest positive predictive value of a recurrent tear. CONCLUSION: Although a small incremental increase in accuracy is associated with the use of direct MR arthrography over conventional MR imaging and indirect MR arthrography, no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy among the three techniques was demonstrated for detection of recurrent or residual meniscal tear.     

肩袖损伤的MRI诊断比较研究

目的:比较常规MRI和MRI间接关节造影检查对肩袖撕裂伤的诊断价值.方法:搜集2002年11月～2006年8月共40例肩袖损伤病例,20例行常规MRI检查,20例行MRI间接关节造影检查.以肩关节镜作为诊断标准,比较两种影像学方法诊断肩袖损伤的敏感性和特异性.结果:肩袖完全撕裂中,常规MRI检查的敏感度为45.5%,特异度为66.7%,准确度为55%;MRI间接关节造影的敏感度为92.3%,特异度为85.7%,准确度为90%.肩袖不全撕裂中,常规MRI检查敏感度为57.1%,特异度为53.8%,准确度为55%;而间接关节造影敏感度为83.3%,特异度为92.8%,准确度则为90%.经Fisher确切概率统计法统计,MRI间接关节造影诊断肩袖全层撕裂敏感性及准确性明显高于常规MRI(P＜0.05),在诊断肩袖部分撕裂时,MRI间接关节造影的特异性及准确性明显高于MRI(P＜0.05).结论:MRI间接关节造影较常规MRI诊断肩袖撕裂准确性较高.同时对盂唇等其它病变诊断有帮助.     

Evaluation of recurring meniscal tears with gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: a randomized, prospective study

BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging has been shown to be of questionable accuracy in detecting recurrent meniscal tears after previous resection or repair. PURPOSE: To compare the accuracy of nonenhanced magnetic resonance imaging with that of intraarticular contrast-enhanced direct magnetic resonance arthrography and intravenous contrast-enhanced indirect magnetic resonance arthrography for detection of recurrent meniscal tears. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: Forty-one patients who had previous meniscal tears treated by resection or repair but who were experiencing recurrent knee symptoms were prospectively randomized into one of three groups: conventional magnetic resonance imaging, indirect arthrography, and direct arthrography. The interpretations of two musculoskeletal radiologists were compared with the findings of an arthroscopic procedure performed 2 to 14 weeks later. RESULTS: Conventional imaging had a sensitivity of 57.9%, specificity of 80%, and overall accuracy of 62.5%. Intravenous contrast improved the sensitivity to 90.9%, specificity to 100%, and overall accuracy to 93.8%; intraarticular contrast had a sensitivity of 91.7%, specificity of 100%, and an overall accuracy of 92.9%. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated an increased accuracy of intravenous or intraarticular contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance arthrography in detecting recurrent meniscal tears. Both contrast routes demonstrated similar accuracy, a finding not previously reported.     

Evaluation of meniscal repair with serial magnetic resonance imaging: a comparative study between conventional MRI and indirect MR arthrography

Objective: To prospectively investigate the healing process of meniscal repair with plain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and indirect MR arthrography and to compare the two methods. Materials and methods: Twenty patients with an arthroscopic meniscal repair without clinical symptoms underwent conventional and indirect MR arthrography of the affected knee, 3, 6 and 12 months after the index operation applying a T1-w Spin Echo sequence in three planes. The size of the tear gap was measured on transverse images. The signal-to-noise ratio and the configuration of the abnormal signal were evaluated in the coronal images. Results: All patients demonstrated abnormal signal intensity at the side of the meniscal repair. The size of the gap at the previous tear side, reduced significantly by 45 and 40% on conventional MRI and indirect MR arthrography respectively, from 3 months to 1 year (P<0.05). The signal-to-noise ratio of the intrameniscal abnormal signal reduced significantly and approximately 50% from 3 to 6 months, and from 6 to 12 months postoperatively, as demonstrated with indirect MR arthrography. However, as opposed to normal meniscus, the signal-to-noise ratio of the abnormal area remains 5.5 times higher 12 months postoperatively. In contrast, the reduction of signal-to-noise ratio of the abnormal area at conventional MRI was not significant even from 3 to 12 months. In 90% of the cases, the indirect MR arthrography showed the intrameniscal abnormal signal on plain MRI, to extend to the articular surface as opposed to 25% on plain MRI. Conclusion: With indirect MR arthrography, the natural process of meniscal healing can be evaluated. Significant reduction of the size of the tear gap and significant reduction of the signal-to-noise ratio of the abnormal signal as well as its configuration are the main parameters interpretating the normal healing process.     

Double-contrast arthrography in meniscal pathology. Remarks on 1000 cases

The authors performed a statistical study on a series of 1000 patients examined with double-contrast fluoroscopically-guided knee arthrography. Arthrographic diagnoses were compared with the arthrotomic (500 patients), arthroscopic (350 patients) or clinical diagnoses of 150 patients with a follow-up of 6 months. In this series of patients with a history of "recurrent meniscal injury", arthrographic diagnoses were confirmed in a high percentage of cases, with 96.9% accuracy, 96.7% sensitivity for tears, and 98.6% specificity. On the basis of these results the authors suggest double-contrast arthrography as an examination of considerable value in the diagnosis of meniscal lesions, while in their opinion arthroscopy should be limited to questionable cases, to complex lesions with involvement of multiple articular structure and to the alterations clearly treatable by arthroscopy.     

Magnetic resonance imaging of meniscal lesions of the knee

In a prospective study of 25 patients, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was employed to detect meniscal tears in the symptomatic knee. All patients underwent arthroscopy and 21 underwent double contrast arthrography. When correlated with these two diagnostic procedures MRI produced no false negative results. There were, however, six false positive MRI findings all of which related to the posterior horn of the medial meniscus. MRI appears to be reliable in detecting meniscal tears but long examination times continue to limit its clinical usefulness.