永存原始玻璃体增生症与先天性纤维血管瞳孔膜临床特征的比较

目的：分析永存原始玻璃体增生症(PHPV)和先天性纤维血管瞳孔膜(CFPM)的临床特征异同。

方法：回顾性分析2006-03/2021-12在空军军医大学西京医院眼科接受手术治疗的PHPV(PHPV组)和CFPM患儿(CFPM组)的眼部生物测量参数、临床表现、病变的形态学特点。

结果：纳入PHPV患儿56例61眼,CFPM患儿24例25眼; PHPV和CFPM的发病年龄相似、无性别差异,均以单眼患病为主,其占比分别为91%和96%。PHPV合并白内障患眼可有多种并发症和眼发育异常,CFPM主要为不同程度的瞳孔区堵塞及形态异常。PHPV组和CFPM组单眼患病患儿患眼前房深度(ACD)均小于对侧眼,手术年龄≤24月龄患儿患眼眼轴长度(AL)均小于对侧眼(P<0.05); PHPV组单眼患病患儿患眼角膜直径(CD)小于对侧眼、眼压高于对侧眼(均P<0.05); CFPM组单眼患病患儿患眼与对侧眼CD、IOP比较均无显著差异(P>0.05)。PHPV组患儿患眼ACD小于CFPM组患眼(P<0.05)。术中发现PHPV纤维血管膜组织位于晶状体后、玻璃体腔内,而CFPM纤维血管膜位于虹膜与晶状体前囊膜之间,很少累及晶状体。

结论：PHPV和CFPM有非常相似的临床特点,提示PHPV和CFPM可能是永存胚胎血管(PFV)的不同表现形式,但PHPV病变范围更广、病情更复杂。     

基于Pentacam HR的角膜屈光指数计算

目的 评估Pentacam HR测量角膜屈光术后眼角膜参数的可重复性并比较用Pentacam HR角膜参数计算未手术眼和角膜屈光术后眼角膜屈光指数的差异。设计 前瞻性研究。研究对象 接受角膜屈光手术术前及术后检查者,分为两组：A组为接受常规术前检查者207例207眼;B组为接受常规术前检查且术后3个月（LASIK）或6个月（PRK）以上复查者67例133眼。方法 A组受试眼行主觉验光和Pentacam HR检查;B组受试眼手术前后分别行主觉验光和Pentacam HR检查。两组中Pentacam HR检查均获得三次有效结果。主要指标  变异系数（CVw）、组内标准差（Sw）和组内相关系数（ICC）评估Pentacam HR获得的未手术眼（A组）和角膜屈光术后眼（B组）的角膜中央前表面3 mm范围内平均曲率半径（Ra）、角膜中央后表面3 mm范围内平均曲率半径（Rp）和中央角膜厚度（CCT）的可重复性。独立样本t检验分别分析A组和B组中计算获得的角膜屈光指数的差异。结果 A组中Pentacam HR获得的Ra、Rp和CCT分别为（7.780±0.235）mm、（6.341±0.225）mm和（541.67±31.79）μm; B组中Pentacam HR获得的Ra、Rp和CCT分别为（8.625±0.412）mm、（6.379±0.237）mm和（461.89±34.70）μm,均具有很好的可重复性（CVw均<1%,ICC均≥0.99）。基于Pentacam HR获得的参数计算角膜屈光指数,A组为（1.3278 ± 0.0008）;B组为（1.3227±0.0019）（t=34.634,P=0.000）。结论 Pentacam HR获得的未手术眼和角膜屈光术后眼角膜中央前、后表面3 mm范围内曲率半径和中央角膜厚度均具有很好的可重复性。基于Pentacam HR获得的角膜屈光术后眼的角膜屈光指数小于未手术眼的角膜屈光指数。（眼科, 2014, 23： 308-312）     

温州医科大学附属眼视光医院温州院区激光角膜屈光手术方式十年变化趋势

目的：:分析2010—2019年温州医科大学附属眼视光医院温州院区激光角膜屈光手术方式的变化趋势。方法：:回顾性系列病例研究。收集温州医科大学附属眼视光医院温州院区2010年1月1日至2019年12月31日接受激光角膜屈光手术的屈光不正患者35 902例（70 766眼）的资料,其中男22 372例（43 973眼）,...     

三种无病史资料人工晶状体度数计算公式在角膜屈光术后白内障手术中的应用比较

目的：:评价3种无病史资料人工晶状体（IOL）度数计算公式在角膜屈光手术后行白内障手术时IOL度数计算中的准确性。方法：:前瞻性系列病例研究。收集2016年10月至2019年10月就诊于汉口爱尔眼科医院白内障科既往有角膜屈光手术病史的白内障手术患者23例（31眼）。登录美国屈光与白内障手术协会网站（ASCRS）,通过其...     

学龄前高度远视和低度远视儿童屈光发育比较

目的：比较学龄前高度远视和低度远视儿童的屈光发育特点。方法：回顾性系列病例研究。收集 2020年7月至2021年12月在天津医科大学眼科医院就诊的学龄前远视性屈光不正儿童43例（86眼）。 根据睫状肌麻痹后球镜度结果将儿童分为高度远视组27例（54眼）,低度远视组16例（32眼）,分别于 基线和随访1年记录2组儿童的屈光度和眼球生物学参数,包括眼轴长度（AL）、角膜曲率半径、轴 率比。采用自身配对t检验进行组内屈光度和眼球生物学参数分析;采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验进行 组内最佳矫正视力比较;采用独立样本t检验进行组间眼生物学参数年变化量的差异分析。结果： 与基线值[（8.37±1.84）D]相比,高度远视组等效球镜度（SE）年降低量为（0.72±0.41）D（t=-9.26, P<0.001）。高度远视组AL年增长量[（0.31±0.18）mm]与低度远视组年增长量[（0.21±0.09）mm]的 差异有统计学意义（t=3.53,P=0.001）,2组间角膜曲率半径年变化差异无统计学意义;高度远视组 轴率比的年增长量（0.04±0.02）与低度远视组年增长量（0.02±0.03）的差异有统计学意义（t=3.23, P=0.002）。结论：与学龄前低度远视儿童相比,学龄前高度远视儿童的AL和轴率比的年增长幅度更 大,这提示有必要对高度远视儿童进行密切随访。     

飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术透镜残留的处理

目的：:探讨飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）后不同程度残留透镜的处理方法。方法：:回顾性系列病例研究。选取2020年8月1—29日于潍坊眼科医院由同一位医师完成全飞秒SMILE手术的患者288例（557眼）,对患者行常规随访和围手术期处理。记录透镜残留及处理的情况。结果：:288例（557眼）均完成手术。...     

RK术后屈光回退的处理

目的：评价放射状角膜切开术（RK）术后屈光回退，欠矫残留近视的处理方法。方法：1993－1998年采用3．0－4．0mm作光学区，4－12条放射状切口，对1．50D－12D的近视患者进行治疗，经RK手术586例（1170眼）中有12例（24眼）出现屈光回退，最终残留近视。经过术后级带加压，二次RK手术等方法处理。结果：12例（24眼）经手术加压裸眼视力≥1．0者12眼（50％），经加压后无效的12眼选择二次RK手术治疗，术后裸眼视力≥1．0者眼（33．33％），视力下降1行以上者3眼是再次手术的25％，全组实际屈光矫正度与预测矫正度相差1．0D以内者22眼（91．66％），结论：首次RK术后因屈光回退，欠矫而残留近视者，可通过术后加压，二次RK的方法处理，来达到矫正的目的。     

基于Pentacam对角膜屈光指数的评价

目的：应用Pentacam测量角膜中央3 mm前表面曲率（Ra ）、后表面曲率（Rp）及中央角膜厚度（CCT）， 根据测量结果，探讨角膜屈光力及角膜屈光指数的计算方法。方法：系列病例研究。选取2017年2─10月在湘潭市中心医院和温州医科大学附属眼视光医院接受角膜屈光手术或白内障手术术前检查的患者419例（419眼）。术前采用Pentacam对眼前节进行检查，采集角膜中央3 mm Ra、RP及CCT 的相关数据，计算Ra与Rp比值（AP ratio）、角膜前表面屈光力（Ka ）以及后表面屈光力（Kp），按照厚 透镜高斯光学公式计算角膜总屈光力（KGOF）及角膜屈光指数（Ncal）。采用配对样本t检验比较各种K 值之间的差异。结果：Pentacam测量所得Ra、Rp、Rsimk、CCT、SimK分别为（7.73±0.27）mm、（6.34± 0.24）mm、（7.73±0.27）mm、（537±33）μm、（43.65±1.52）D。AP ratio为1.220±0.026，角膜屈光指数 Ncal为1.328±0.001。结论：利用Pentacam测量角膜参数计算所得角膜屈光指数可以提高角膜总屈光力及角膜后表面屈光力预算的准确性。     

先天性白内障合并永存胚胎血管的手术治疗和预后

目的：观察先天性白内障合并永存胚胎血管（PFV）患儿的临床特征及手术治疗效果。方法：回顾性系列病例研究。分析2011 年5 月至2017 年6 月在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院杭州院区接受手术治疗的先天性白内障合并PFV患儿24例（28眼）的临床资料,记录手术年龄、手术方式、手术前后眼部检查情况以及手术前后视力。结果：术前合并先天性瞳孔虹膜异常14 眼,晶状体脐状凹陷或悬韧带异常6 眼,后囊膜缺损9 眼,先天性小角膜及角膜缘干细胞异常2 眼,眼底病变2 眼,眼球震颤5 眼,斜视7 眼,全身合并腭裂1 例。大于3 岁患儿7 例（10 眼）,行“晶状体切除+前段玻璃体切割+人工晶状体（IOL）植入术”,随访8.0（2.5～41.0）个月,末次随访视力均在0.1 以上,2 例（2 眼）在0.3 以上;小于1岁患儿17例（18眼）,行“晶状体切除+前段玻璃体切割术”,选择性注视卡Snellen视力均达0.1以上,注视追视及眼球震颤均明显改善;6例（6眼）患儿一期先行“晶状体切除+前段玻璃体切割术”,年龄（5.5±2.6）个月,二期再行IOL植入术,年龄（23.5±8.1）个月,1例（1眼）达到0.6,接近正常同龄儿童,5 例（5 眼）达到标准对数视力表视力0.1 以上。手术后随访4 个月至6 年（中位数12.0 个月）, 无严重并发症。结论：先天性白内障合并PFV大部分为单眼发病。微创晶状体切除联合玻璃体切割术后并发症的发生率非常低,术后视力明显提高,少部分可以达到正常视力。     

孔源性视网膜脱离环扎加压术后眼屈光和视力改变等临床研究

为评价孔源性视网膜脱离（hegmatogenousretinaldetachment，RRD）成功地环扎加压手术后，眼屈光状态．前房深度．晶体厚度．眼轴长度和视力等改变，我们于1993年1月至1996年8月对52例52眼环扎加压手术成功的RRD患者，作了前瞻性临床研究，报告如下．对象与方法1．对象本组52例中，男性31，女性21；右眼29例，左眼23；平均年龄37.4（12-70）岁；发病至诊治时间3天-1年，平均52．8天．将52眼环扎加压手术分为两组：A组（28眼）林扎带长58－60mm，眼球周长缩短（22．37％；B组（24眼）环扎带长55－57mm，眼球周长缩短＞23.37％．2．方法除…     

Ocular surface in patients with different degrees of myopia

AIM: To investigate the clinical features of the ocular surface in patients with different degrees of myopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 122 participants with myopia in Beijing Tongren Hospital from February to June, 2023. After completing the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score scale, measurements were taken for refraction, biometric parameters and ocular surface parameters. The prevalence, severity and related parameters of the dry eye among different groups based on axial length (AL) were compared. Correlation analysis was performed between ocular surface parameters and refraction/biometric measurement parameters. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed in refractive error, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, and subfoveal choroidal thickness among the groups (all P<0.05). With the increase in AL, the incidence and severity of dry eye increased significantly (P<0.05). Moreover, the tear film break-up time (BUT) shortened (P<0.05), and the corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) points increased significantly (P<0.05). OSDI scores were positively correlated with AL and spherical equivalent (SE; both P<0.05); BUT was negatively correlated with AL, SE, and corneal astigmatism (AST; all P<0.05); Schirmer I test (SIT) results were negatively correlated with AL and SE (both P<0.05). CONCLUSION: AL elongation is a risk factor for dry eye onset in myopic participants. The longer the AL, the more severe the dry eye is, with the increased CFS spots and tear film instability. Additionally, SE and AST exhibit negative correlations with dry eye symptom scores and ocular surface parameters.     

青光眼-白内障联合术后患者屈光误差及其与术前眼球生物学参数的相关性

目的　对比分析原发性急性闭角型青光眼(PAACG)、原发性慢性闭角型青光眼(PCACG)、原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)患者行青光眼-白内障联合手术（青白联合手术）后3个月的屈光状态,评估术前眼球生物学参数对患者术后屈光状态的影响。方法　回顾性临床研究。选择2020年2月至2021年2月于山西省眼科医院行青白联合手术的青光眼合并白内障患者90例（108眼）,其中PAACG组30例（33眼）,PCACG组30例（38眼）,POAG组30例（37眼）。所有患者术前均采用IOLMaster 700测量眼轴长度、中央角膜厚度、角膜曲率、前房深度、晶状体厚度、白到白距离（WTW）,使用仪器自带的SRK-T公式计算人工晶状体度数及预留屈光度。术后3个月对患者进行综合验光,计算术后屈光误差。比较三组患者术后3个月的屈光误差分布,及术前眼球生物学参数与屈光误差的相关性。结果　三组患者间术前中央角膜厚度、角膜曲率、WTW差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。POAG组较PAACG组和PCACG组患者术前眼轴更长、前房更深、晶状体更薄,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),PAACG组与PCACG组患者间术前眼轴长度、前房深度、晶状体厚度相比差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。术后3个月,PAACG组、PCACG组、POAG组患者绝对屈光误差分别为(0.53±0.75)D、(0.51±0.70)D、(0.05±0.47)D。远视误差组患者术前眼轴长度短于近视误差组,术前前房深度浅于近视误差组,术前晶状体厚度厚于近视误差组,两组间相比差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);两组患者间术前中央角膜厚度、角膜曲率与WTW之间差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。术后屈光误差与术前眼轴长度、前房深度均呈负相关(r=-0.62、-0.48,均为P=0.00),与术前晶状体厚度呈正相关(r=0.54,P=0.00),与术前中央角膜厚度、角膜曲率、WTW均无显著相关性(均为P>0.05)。结论　使用SRK-T公式计算人工晶状体度数时,PAACG、PCACG患者比POAG患者呈现较大的屈光误差,且多为远视误差。术前短眼轴、浅前房及厚晶状体患者青白联合手术后更趋于远视误差。     

单眼高度近视患者眼前节形态学研究

目的 了解高度近视眼眼前节形态的结构特点,探讨高度近视眼与中低度屈光不正眼的眼前节形态是否存在差异.方法 单眼高度近视患者23例（46眼）,年龄（24.1±12.4）岁（范围8～49岁）,屈光参差（8.73±4.73）D（范围1.62～16.75 D）,进行双眼间的对照研究,高度近视眼（屈光不正度数高于-6.00 D）为高度近视组,对侧眼（屈光不正度数在-5.75 D之内）为对照组.用A型生物超声仪测量中央角膜厚度和眼轴长度,Pentacam眼前节三维分析仪测量角膜前后表面曲率（中央区角膜最大与最小子午线角膜曲率的平均值）或曲率半径、角膜前后表面非球面形态（30°范围的平均Q值）、角膜前后表面散光、前房深度、前房角及前房容积.采用SPSS 15.0统计软件,配对t检验用于双眼间的参数比较,直线相关用于两参数间的相互关系分析.结果 高度近视组的眼总散光、眼轴长度及跟轴长度/角膜曲率半径（AL/CR值）分别为（1.43±1.26）D、（27.45±1.63）mm及3.60±0.22;对照组的眼总散光、眼轴长度及AL/CR值分别为（0.93±0.92）D、（24.19±1.41）mm及3.16±0.12,两组比较均有统计学意义（t=-2.539,P〈0.05;t=8.606,P〈0.01;t=8.167,P〈0.01）.高度近视组的角膜前、后表面曲率,角膜前、后表面散光,角膜前、后表面非球面系数Q值,前房深度,前房角及前房容积分别为（44.1±1.8）D、（-6.3±0.3）D,（1.4±1.0）D、（0.3±0.2）D,-0.35±0.13、-0.16±0.18,（3.12±0.30）mm,（38.7±4.2）°及（178±37）mm^3;而对照组的上述参数分别为（44.1±1.8）D、（-6.4±0.3）D,（1.3±0.8）D、（0.4±0.2）D,-0.33±0.10、-0.20±0.19,（3.08±0.32）mm,（38.8±5.8）°及（175±40）mm^3;两组差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.眼轴长度与等效球镜度在高度近视组和对照组均显示了高度线性相关关系（高度近视组r=0.662,P〈0.01;对照组r=0.618,P〈0.01）.在高度近视组和对照组,角膜顶点曲率半径与等效球镜度无相关性（高度近视组r=0.287,P〉0.05;对照组r=0.261.P〉0.05）.结论 高度近视眼与中低度屈光不正眼眼前节形态无明显差异,而眼轴长度存在明显差异,高度近视眼眼轴明显延长.     

Correlation between refraction and ocular biometry

PURPOSE: To study the correlation between subjective refraction and biometry obtained by Orbscan and echography in normal eyes. To compare biometric parameters with the subjective spherical equivalent. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Subjective refraction, biometric parameters using Orbscan, and echography were recorded in 190 normal eyes (including eyes with ametropia) of 95 patients. Biometric parameters (i.e., corneal diameter, anterior chamber depth, central pachymetry, iridocorneal angle, corneal and lens radii of curvature, and axial length of the eye) were compared in different refractive groups and were correlated with the subjective refraction. RESULTS: Corneal biometric parameters did not correlate with the subjective spherical equivalent and showed no differences between the refractive groups except for the central pachymetry. In the high myopic group (<-6D), the central cornea was significantly thinner (531 micro m versus 549 micro m, p=0.016). The correlation between corneal radius and axial length was strong in emmetropic eyes (r(s)=0.63, p<0.001) and poor but significant in ametropic eyes (r(s)=0.28, p=0.002). Axial length, anterior chamber depth, and iridocorneal angle showed significant differences between the refractive groups (p<0.001) and correlated with the subjective spherical equivalent (r(s[[/INF=0.44, p<0.001). Subjective spherical equivalent showed the strongest correlation with the axial length (rs)=0.82, p<0.001). Subjective spherical equivalent, central corneal thickness, axial length, anterior chamber depth, and anterior corneal radius showed a strong correlation between both eyes (rs[[/INF=0.94, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Biometric characteristics of the eye (excluding cornea characteristics) vary with subjective spherical equivalent. Axial length presents the strongest correlation with the subjective spherical equivalent and correlates with the other ocular biometric parameters. Axial length plays a major role in the ocular biometry and refraction.     

Biometric data of eyes after the onset of acute glaucoma]

Biometric measurements were performed in 67 patients after acute glaucoma and in 67 patients of a matched control group. For patients with acute glaucoma the subjective refraction was +0.91 +/- 2.82 dpt, ocular axial length was 21.73 +/- 0.96 mm, lens thickness was 4.95 +/- 0.63 mm and the ratio lens thickness to ocular axial length amounted to 2.27 +/- 0.29. There was a statistically significant difference between the glaucoma and the control group concerning the parameters subjective refraction, ocular axial length, lens thickness and the lens thickness to axial length ratio. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between corneal radius and axial length, both, in the control and the glaucoma group, a significant negative correlation between axial length and subjective refraction only in the control group. In contrast to other authors, who reported on patients with narrow angle glaucoma with and without acute attack; we found no significant difference. These results support the suggestion that biometric data do not allow a prediction whether a patient with narrow anterior chamber angle will suffer glaucoma attack or not. The etiology of this disease seems to have a multifactorial origin.     

Gillies lecture: dissecting glaucoma: understanding the molecular risk factors

WE Gillies was a major contributor to research in glaucoma, notably pseuodexfoliation (XFS), as well as strabismus, particularly in relation to axial length (AL). The latter work involved breaking down the geometry of the eye to its basic components and using the measured AL to tailor the amount of strabismus surgery required. Similarly, the search for glaucoma genes requires us to break down glaucoma into its component measures and associated risk factors. Over the last 14 years, our data from the Glaucoma Inheritance Study in Tasmania have shown the following: that a family history is present in 60% of glaucoma cases; that 27% of members of large glaucoma families were unaware of their family history of glaucoma; and that familial glaucoma is more severe than sporadic glaucoma. Myocilin mutations account for 3% of cases of primary open angle glaucoma. Some genotype–phenotype correlations have been identified. Notably, with respect to earlier age of onset, higher maximum recorded intraocular pressure and need for surgery, the Gln368Stop mutation confers mild risk, Thr377Met and Gly252Arg mutations intermediate risk, and the Pro370Leu mutation severe risk. To identify the other genes associated with glaucoma, we have examined normal twins in the Twins Eye Study to determine the heritability of parameters that are abnormal in glaucoma – intraocular pressure and cup-to-disc ratio and confounding factors for glaucoma such as central corneal thickness, disc area, refraction and AL. We have identified high heritabilities for all of these as well as a gene locus associated with AL on chromosome 5. Recently, the LOXL1 gene was associated with XFS. Identification of further genes will improve our understanding of glaucoma and allow cascade genetic screening.     

Bibliometric analysis of glaucoma-related literature based on SCIE database: a 10-year literature analysis from 2009 to 2018

AIM: To investigate the proportion and characteristic of emmetropia in schoolchildren aged 6-11, especially estimate the normal value of ocular biometric parameters of emmetropia. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on children aged 6-11y in Shenzhen in the South of China. Totally, 2386 schoolchildren from two primary schools in Shenzhen were involved. The axial length (AL) and the corneal radius of curvature (CRC) were measured by partial coherence laser interferometry. Noncycloplegic refraction and refractive astigmatism (RA) was measured using autorefraction. The axial length-to-corneal radius of curvature ratio (Al/CRC), corneal astigmatism (CA) and spherical equivalent refraction (SER) were calculated. RESULTS: The proportion of emmetropia in elementary school students was 41.45%. This percentage decreased gradually from 6 to 11 years of age and decreased rapidly after 9 years of age. The mean and 95%CI of each parameter were provided for boys and girls aged 6 to 11 years of age with emmetropia according to each age group. The change trend of parameters of boys and girls are similar. After 7 years of age, the axial length of non-emmetropia started to increase faster than that of emmetropia. The change trend of AL/CRC was the same as that of AL. The other parameters tend to be stable after 7 years of age. CONCLUSION: The age of 7-9 is an important period for the changes of refractive state and ocular biometric parameters of primary school students, and it is a special focus period for children myopia prevention. The normal value and variation of ocular biometric parameters of emmetropia can provide the basis for the clinical judgment of whether or not children''s ocular biometric parameters obtained by single measurement and changes obtained by multiple measurements are abnormal.     

Ocular biometry in an urban Indian population: the Singapore Indian Eye Study (SINDI)

PURPOSE. To describe the distribution and determinants of ocular biometric parameters in adult Singapore Indians. METHODS. A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted on 3400 Indians aged 40 to 83 years residing in Singapore. Ocular components including axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and corneal radius (CR) were measured by partial coherence interferometry. Refraction was recorded in spherical equivalent (SE). RESULTS. After 502 individuals with previous cataract surgery were excluded, ocular biometric data on 2785 adults were analyzed. The mean AL, ACD, and CR were 23.45 ± 1.10, 3.15 ± 0.36, and 7.61 ± 0.26 mm, respectively. The mean AL/CR ratio was 3.08 ± 0.13. The mean AL was 23.53, 23.49, 23.35, and 23.25 mm in 40- to 49-, 50- to 59-, 60- to 69-, and 700 to 83-year age groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Men had significantly longer ALs than women (23.68 mm versus 23.23 mm, P < 0.001). In multivariate linear regression models, AL was found to be longer in adults who were taller (P < 0.001), better educated (University, P < 0.001), and more apt to spend time reading (P < 0.001). Increasing CR was associated with increasing height (P = 0.008). AL was the strongest determinant for refraction in all age groups, whereas lens nuclear opacity was a predictor in adults aged 60 to 83 years. CONCLUSIONS. The AL in Indians living in Singapore was similar to that of Malays in Singapore, but longer than that of Indians living in India. Time spent reading, height, and educational level were the strongest determinants of AL. AL was the strongest predictor of SE in all age groups.     

视力不良儿童调节幅度与眼生物参数的相关性

目的 探讨8～10岁视力不良儿童调节幅度与眼生物参数的相关性.方法 横断面研究.2010年7月对北京市密云区三所小学三、四年级300名视力不良学生进行了调查.所有学生均接受睫状肌麻痹后电脑验光与检影验光、调节幅度测定以及生物参数测量.根据屈光度范围,将受试者分为A组(+0.75 D≤SE≤-0.75 D)、B组(-0.75 D＜SE＜-1.75 D)和C组(SE≥-1.75 D),分别进行调节幅度与屈光度、眼生物参数的Pearson相关和线性回归分析.结果 A组调节幅度仅与前房深度具有相关性(r=-0.30,P=0.05).B组调节幅度与屈光度、眼轴长度及前房深度均具有显著相关性,有统计学意义(r=0.40、-0.41和-0.40,P均＜0.05),而与晶状体厚度、角膜厚度以及角膜曲率无相关性.C组中调节幅度与各生物参数均无相关性.结论 在一定的屈光度范围内(-0.75 D＜SE＜-1.75 D),调节幅度的大小与屈光度、眼轴长度及前房深度具有显著相关性.提示在近视初发时,可以通过视觉训练来改变调节功能的异常,间接、部分地控制近视的发展.