扩张微导管在冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变中的应用

目的评价扩张微导管(channel dilator)在冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞(chronic total occlusion,CTO)病变介入治疗中的安全性及疗效。方法5例冠状动脉CTO患者入选。其中4例右冠状动脉病变,1例左前降支病变;开口处病变2例,3例患者闭塞处有分支存在。5例患者均采用逆向导丝技术进行冠状动脉介入治疗。结果4例患者扩张微导管顺利通过间隔支,1例顺利通过回旋支至右冠状动脉侧支;其中2例通过圈套器套扎逆向导丝的方法完成介入治疗,2例逆向导丝通过扩张微导管送至前向指引导管内,1例扩张微导管未能送至闭塞血管近段,未能开通闭塞血管。5例患者住院期间均未出现并发症及死亡。结论扩张微导管用于冠状动脉CTO病变逆向介入治疗是安全、有效的。     

经心外膜下侧支循环逆向介入治疗冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变

目的 探讨应用我国市场已有器械,经心外膜下侧支循环血管,对慢性完全闭塞(CTO)病变行逆向经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的可行性.方法 5例CTO病变均在常规正向PCI失败后,行逆向PCI.将7 F强支撑逆向指引导管送至供体血管,超滑导丝通过心外膜下侧支循环血管到达CTO病变远端,在微导管支持下交换较硬的导丝,逆向通过CTO病变,逆向导丝继续进入6 F正向指引导管,并在正向指引导管内球囊扩张锚定.逆向扩张病变后,正向导丝通过病变,用常规PCI方法完成手术.其中应用捕获逆向导丝技术和反向CART技术各1例.结果 在逆向导丝通过侧支循环的路径中,经左前降支至右冠状动脉远端3例,经左回旋支至右冠状动脉1例,经钝缘支至左前降支1例.其中4例成功开通CTO病变,完成支架置入术.另外1例虽然导丝及微导管到达CTO病变远端,但无法逆向通过闭塞病变.所有患者介入术中均未发生并发症.结论 在我国没有专门逆向PCI工具的情况下,如果室间隔支不适合作为逆向通道,心外膜下侧支循环在符合一定条件时也可作为逆向通道,进行CTO病变的逆向PCI.     

冠状动脉慢性闭塞病变患者经桡动脉逆行导丝技术行冠状动脉介入治疗成功一例

冠状动脉慢性闭塞病变(clironic total occlusion,CTO)-直是经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的难点.南于CTO解剖结构上的特点,采用常规正向导丝技术的手术的成功率多在50%～60%.对部分经正向导丝无法成功的病例,采用逆向导丝技术可使手术成功率明显提高.但由于逆向导丝操作技术非常复杂,还没有被广泛采用.本文介绍对CTO患者经桡动脉单导管逆行导丝技术行PCI成功一例.     

螺旋穿透微导管(Tornus)在冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变介入治疗中的应用

目的 评价一种新的螺旋穿透微导管(Tomus)在慢性完全闭塞病变(CTO)介入治疗中应用的效果.方法 6例CTO患者在介入治疗中,导丝成功通过病变后,球囊导管未能通过病变,采用Tomus微导管的机械作用通过闭塞病变后交换球囊,从而为球囊扩张做准备.结果 所有Tomus导管均成功通过病变部位,随后球囊也均能顺利通过闭塞病变进行扩张和置入支架,术中所有患者均未出现冠状动脉穿孔等并发症.结论 Tomus导管在治疗CTO等严重冠状动脉病变中是有效的和安全的.     

冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞性病变逆向介入治疗失败的发生率和预测因素研究

目的探讨冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞性病变(CTO)逆向介入治疗术中导丝和微导管寻径成功后手术未能成功的发生率和预测因素。方法采用回顾性分析方法,分析310例经逆向介入治疗的冠状动脉CTO患者。在导丝和微导管寻径成功后,根据最终手术成功与否,将患者分为两组:成功组(n=278)、失败组(n=32)。分析两组患者的临床资料差异。采用单因素和多因素分析的方法探讨手术失败的相关因素和预测因素。结果 10.3%(32/310)患者在导丝和微导管寻径成功后手术未能成功。失败组Werner侧枝循环CC0-1级、病变血管钙化、病变长度20 mm、手术时间、造影剂使用剂量和X线暴露剂量显著高于成功组(P0.05)。单因素分析显示病变血管钙化、病变长度20 mm和侧枝迂曲与逆向介入治疗失败相关(P0.05);多因素分析显示病变血管钙化是逆向介入治疗失败的独立预测因素(P0.05)。结论逆向介入治疗具有较高的成功率,失败的主要预测因素为冠状动脉血管钙化。改善钙化血管处理策略和器械可提高逆向介入治疗的成功率。     

经单根指引导管行逆向导丝技术治疗冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变3例报告

正利用侧支循环逆向开通冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞(CTO)的逆向导丝技术已成为前向导丝技术失败或困难的有效补充或替代技术,可以明显提高经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)处置CTO的成功率,改善患者远期预后。通常应用逆向导丝技术需要通过不同的动脉入路置入两根指引导管以构建双向通路,本文报告我院近年完成的3例应用单根指引导管经同侧侧支循环行逆向导丝技术治疗CTO的病例。1病例资料     

MPA1导管实施主动迎接技术在右冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变介入治疗中的应用

目的探讨右冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞(CTO)病变逆向介入治疗中应用MPA1导管实施主动迎接技术的有效性和安全性。方法回顾2017年3月—2019年2月于成都市第三人民医院心内科住院进行介入治疗、并且术中使用MPA1导管的右冠状动脉CTO病例,观察病变特征、手术成功率及并发症,分析MPA1导管的应用状况和价值。结果 13例右冠状动脉CTO均采用逆向介入技术,11例手术成功,2例失败,成功病例中逆向导丝通过技术3例,Reverse-CART 8例,均应用5 F MPA1导管实施主动迎接技术,总体手术成功率84. 6%。逆向侧支选择分别为间隔支侧支10例、心外膜侧支3例,其中2例发生侧支血管损伤,1例出现CTO病变近端血管夹层,无靶血管破裂、穿孔及心包压塞等严重并发症。所有患者术后随访无主要不良心脑血管事件发生。结论 5F MPA1导管实施主动迎接技术可作为一种安全、有效的方法应用于右冠状动脉CTO的介入治疗。     

经桡动脉6 Fr单指引导管逆向开通具有同侧侧支的左冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变的技术要点分析

目的:本文旨在详细阐明经桡动脉6 Fr单指引导管逆向开通具有同侧侧支的左冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变(CTO)的技术要点。方法:纳入由2位术者于2017年1月至2018年1月期间完成的4例经桡动脉6 Fr单指引导管逆向开通具有同侧侧支的左前降支或左回旋支CTO的患者。结果:4例患者中,男性3例,女性1例,年龄均65岁,左前降支CTO 2例,左回旋支CTO 2例,同侧侧支血管均是弯曲成角的心外膜侧支。手术操作全部采用桡动脉6 Fr EBU单指引导管,逆向导丝应用对吻导丝技术或控制性前向和逆向内膜下寻径技术(CART)通过闭塞病变,最后采取RG3导丝或者Rendezvous技术,完成体外化。患者在治疗期间均未出现并发症。结论:在选定解剖结构的病例中,通过同侧心外膜或间隔侧支通道,仅采用单根6 Fr指引导管逆向开通左冠状动脉CTO是安全、可行的治疗手段。     

扩张微导管在慢性完全闭塞病变中的应用价值--经桡动脉正向介入治疗

目的：评价135 cm扩张微导管（corsair导管,Asahi Intec Co,Japan）在冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞（chronic total occlusion,CTO）病变经桡动脉正向经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）中的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性入选了本中心2010年6月至2014年2月81例经桡动脉途径应用135 cm扩张微导管进行正向导引钢丝技术治疗的CTO病变患者,分析正向CTO-PCI成功率、扩张微导管通过闭塞病变成功率、球囊导管通过闭塞病变情况及导引钢丝通过闭塞病变情况,并观察住院期间不良事件发生率。结果81例应用135 cm扩张微导管经桡动脉正向介入治疗的患者中,66例患者正向导引钢丝通过CTO病变,65例患者正向CTO-PCI成功,成功率为80.2%;另有8例成功进行逆向导引钢丝介入治疗,总体PCI成功率90.1%。66例正向导引钢丝通过闭塞病变后,135 cm扩张微导管成功通过闭塞病变56例（84.8%）;扩张微导管通过闭塞病变后,球囊导管的使用数量为1.3个,显著低于扩张微导管未通过闭塞病变患者。66例正向导引钢丝通过闭塞病变的患者中,应用Fielder XT导引钢丝34例（51.5%）。住院期间随访未见扩张微导管嵌顿、折断、头端受损、血管穿孔等不良事件发生,无严重不良心脏事件发生。结论应用扩张微导管经桡动脉途径行正向CTO-PCI治疗是安全、有效的,可以简化介入治疗操作步骤,减少球囊导管等器械的使用,提高CTO病变介入治疗的手术成功率。     

逆向导丝技术治疗冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变255例临床分析

目的探讨逆向导丝技术治疗冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞(CTO)病变的技术及疗效。方法收集沈阳军区总医院2004年8月至2015年5月收治的CTO病变患者。患者因正向导丝通过闭塞血管失败或冠状动脉造影(SCA)后估测正向导丝通过闭塞血管困难,并且侧支循环交通血管良好的冠状动脉CTO患者采取逆向导丝技术行冠脉内支架植入术,并进行术后随访。总结分析全部患者临床资料。结果共纳入255例患者,共开通CTO病变血管255支,平均闭塞时间为(4.35±3.98)年。其中左前降支(LAD)闭塞病变117例,右冠状动脉(RCA)闭塞病变132例,闭塞病变均有2~3级逆向侧支血管供血。术中平均应用造影剂(320.0±65.6)m L/例,药物洗脱支架平均(57.67±19.86)mm/例。一次手术成功率220例,再次手术成功20例,失败15例。88.9%患者采用右桡及右股动脉路入,11.1%应用双股动脉路入并使用8 F(1 F=0.33 mm)指引导管。术后患者均规律服用抗血小板及他汀类药物,并进行了电话和临床随访6~12个月,其中91.4%LAD CTO病变开通后患者心功能较前改善;86.1%RCA CTO开通后患者自觉症状改善。15例手术失败患者有1例接受冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG),1例手术成功患者术后6个月出现心绞痛症状,行SCA检查示RCA支架100%闭塞,并成功接受二次逆向导丝,手术成功;患者术后无心血管主要临床事件发生。结论多数正向导丝技术无法完成的冠脉病变,逆向导丝技术可明显提高手术成功率,发现及选择那些具有良好侧支循环及逆向通道的冠状动脉CTO病变进行逆向导丝介入治疗是安全、可行的,并可收到良好的疗效。     

Re-canalization of peripheral chronic total occlusions using the BridgePoint Stingray re-entry device

Percutaneous intervention of peripheral chronic total occlusions (CTO) is increasingly common, but Interventionalists still face significant barriers to successful treatment of CTO lesions in the coronary and peripheral anatomy. The greatest overall challenges are in crossing the CTO lesion and re-entering the true lumen from a successful subintimal crossing. We present a case report of a patient with a CTO of a lower extremity artery, in which treatment with a new, novel system was used to address both of these challenges.     

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention of native chronic total occlusions to treat ST elevation myocardial infarction secondary to acute vein graft occlusion

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the treatment modality of choice in patients presenting with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Clinical outcomes have dramatically improved with the wide adoption of primary PCI in patients with STEMI because of acute thrombotic native coronary artery occlusion. However, patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery who present with STEMI because of acute saphenous vein graft (SVG) occlusion continue to have worse outcomes because of poor acute and long‐term results of SVG stenting. Therefore, it may be preferable to treat the native coronary artery supplied by the occluded graft although this can be challenging if the native vessel is a chronic total occlusion (CTO). Recent advances in technology and techniques in CTO PCI have significantly improved the success rate and efficiency of CTO procedures. At our institution we have developed a high volume CTO programme with high success rates. We present three cases of acute inferior STEMI because of SVG occlusion which were treated with successful retrograde PCI of the native vessel CTO, utilising the occluded graft as a retrograde channel in two cases and native septal collaterals in the other. Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 3 flow in the native coronary artery was achieved in all three cases with good acute outcomes. Our case series highlights the benefits of a high volume CTO programme. With recent advances in CTO techniques, acute PCI to native vessel CTO is feasible and may be the treatment of choice in selected cases of acute SVG failure. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

A novel percutaneous coronary intervention technique for chronic total occlusion: Contralateral angiography with a single guiding catheter

We report two successful cases with a new percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) technique to treat chronic total occlusion (CTO) by using contra‐lateral coronary angiography with a single guiding catheter (GC) safely. Firstly, a GC was inserted into the coronary artery supplying collaterals and a microcatheter was inserted into the distal side of the coronary artery. Then, the GC was retroflexed and engaged in the targeted coronary artery with CTO. While the contra‐lateral coronary artery was visualized by injection through a microcatheter, a guide wire was controlled and passed through the CTO lesion. Two sheaths insertion were necessary to perform contra‐lateral angiography in CTO PCI. This new technique makes it possible to perform safe contra‐lateral angiography with a single sheath and a single GC. It could reduce vascular access complication rates. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Usefulness of the Corsair microcatheter for treatment of complex chronic total occlusion

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the treatment of chronic total occlusion (CTO) is one of the most technically challenging areas of interventional cardiology. When CTO is combined with angulation and tortuosity of the coronary artery, the technical complexity of PCI for CTO is magnified. In this report, we describe a case of successful revascularization of a CTO lesion in the complex circumflex anatomy using a novel microcatheter (the Corsair catheter) along with an antegrade approach to facilitate guidewire passage through a proximal steep angulation and to cross the circumflex CTO lesion that was unresponsive with conventional microcatheters.     

Retrograde balloon hemostasis

Despite improvements in current devices and techniques for complex chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), procedural complications, including coronary perforation, still occur and could be life-threatening. A patient with a history of multivessel coronary artery disease and a CTO of the right coronary artery (RCA) underwent successful retrograde crossing of an RCA CTO. After wiring the CTO body and lesion dilatation, a drug-eluting stent was implanted in the distal RCA toward the posterior descending artery. A large Ellis type III perforation occurred at the distal edge of the stent. Septal crossing with a balloon and tamponade of the perforation site through the retrograde collaterals followed, as the RCA was not suitable to accommodate easily both the covered stent and the balloon simultaneously. This case report presents a novel approach the “septal retrograde ping-pong” technique, which demonstrates successful treatment of coronary perforations by utilizing a retrograde approach through a septal collateral. This technique proves to be effective in situations where the conventional antegrade balloon or covered stent delivery methods are not feasible or unsuccessful. This innovative approach offers a promising alternative for managing challenging cases of coronary perforations, providing new insights and potential solutions for interventional cardiologists.     

Management of Chronic Total Occlusion of Coronary Artery

Chronic total occlusion (CTO) of a coronary artery is typically defined as a completely occluded artery without any antegrade flow and a duration of at least 3 months. We reviewed the current literature describing the optimal management of CTO including the role of revascularization and choice of modality, i.e., percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Databases (PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, EBSCO, Web of Science, and CINAHL) were searched and relevant studies of patients with CTO were selected for review. The prevalence of coronary artery CTOs is approximately 25% among patients undergoing coronary angiography for angina. Available data suggests that PCI of CTO can be a technically complex procedure with relatively lower success rates compared with non-CTO PCI and typically associated with a higher complication rate especially at nonspecialized centers. Furthermore, successful CTO-PCI is associated with symptomatic improvement but does not appear to improve mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, and repeat revascularization rates. Based on contemporary data, PCI of CTO lesions may be considered in patients with incapacitating angina despite treatment with optimal guideline-directed medical therapy and in whom based on coronary anatomy there is a reasonable chance of technical success with an acceptable risk.     

Procedural outcomes and long-term survival among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention of a chronic total occlusion in native coronary arteries: a 20-year experience

OBJECTIVES: The study compared procedural outcomes and long-term survival for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of a chronic total coronary artery occlusion (CTO) with a matched non-CTO cohort to determine whether successful PCI of a CTO is associated with improved survival. BACKGROUND: Percutaneous coronary intervention of a CTO is a common occurrence, and the long-term survival for patients with successful PCI of a CTO has not been clearly defined. METHODS: Between June 1980 and December 1999, a total of 2,007 consecutive patients underwent PCI for a CTO. Utilizing propensity scoring methods, a matched non-CTO cohort of 2,007 patients was identified and compared to the CTO group. The cohorts were stratified into successful and failed procedures. RESULTS: The in-hospital major adverse cardiac event (MACE) rate was 3.8% in the CTO cohort. Technical success has improved over the last 10 years (overall 74.4%, slope 1.0%/yr, p = 0.02, R2 = 49.9%) as did procedural success (overall 69.9%, slope 1.2%/yr, p = 0.02, R2 = 51.5%) without a concomitant increase in in-hospital MACE rates (slope 0.1%/yr, p = 0.7). There was a distinct 10-year survival advantage for successful CTO treatment compared with failed CTO treatment (73.5% vs. 65.1%, p = 0.001). The CTO versus non-CTO 10-year survival was the same (71.2% vs. 71.4%, p = 0.9). Diabetics in the CTO cohort had a lower 10-year survival compared with nondiabetics (58.3% vs. 74.3%, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: These data represent follow-up of the largest reported series of patients undergoing PCI for a CTO. The 10-year survival rates for matched non-CTO and the CTO cohorts were similar. Success rates have continued to improve without an accompanying increase in MACE rates. A successfully revascularized CTO confers a significant 10-year survival advantage compared with failed revascularization.     

Incessant ventricular tachycardia due to subacute thyroiditis

Recent instrumental and technical developments have improved the outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions. Recently, several cases of PCI in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) using a retrograde approach through the collateral vessels of the CTO have been reported. We herein describe firstly a successful PCI for a CTO lesion using a retrograde approach in the clinical setting of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).     

Successful coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion using a retrograde approach with biradial arteries

A retrograde approach is one of the new techniques of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the treatment of chronic total occlusions (CTO). We present 4 cases of successful PCI for CTO via a retrograde approach using both radial arteries. There were no complications in these cases. We found that, selected cases, a retrograde approach using the biradial arteries in the treatment of CTO appears to be feasible.     

Percutaneous coronary interventions and cardiovascular outcomes for patients with chronic total occlusions

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