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1.
Background:
The evaluation for skin disorders forms an important component of primary health care practice for all including children. The prevalence of certain skin diseases in children can reflect status of health, hygiene, and personal cleanliness of a community.Aims:
This study was planned to evaluate the magnitude of skin diseases, pattern of various dermatoses, factors contributing to these dermatoses and concurrent systemic disease among children up to five years of age.Materials and Methods:
Consecutive 1000 children, aged up to five years, attending the Dermatology OPD of RNT Medical College and MB Government Hospital, Udaipur were the subjects of this study. A detailed general, systemic and cutaneous examination followed by relevant investigations were carried out. The findings were recorded in a proforma for analysis and interpretation of data.Results:
One thousand twenty seven (1027) diagnoses were made in 1000 children. Etiological analysis revealed that majority (417; 40.60%) of dermatoses belonged to infection and infestation group followed by eczematous (358; 34.86%) and hypersensitivity (105; 10.22%) groups. Of the infection and infestation group, bacterial infection (141; 13.72%) was the most common entity followed by scabies (107; 10.42%), fungal (67; 6.52%), and viral infection (35; 3.40%).Conclusion:
This study provides a preliminary baseline data for future clinical research. It might also help to assess the changing trends of pediatric dermatoses. 相似文献2.
Background
Construction workers handle cement which has constituents to produce both irritant contact dermatitis and corrosive effects (from alkaline ingredients, such as lime) and sensitization, leading to allergic contact dermatitis (from ingredients, such as chromium).Aim:
The present study has been carried out among unorganized construction workers to find the prevalence of skin problems.Materials and Methods:
The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 92 construction workers of Ahmedabad and Vadodara.Results and Discussion:
All the workers were subjected to clinical examination after collection of information regarding demographic characteristics, occupational characteristics and clinical history on a predesigned proforma. Of them, 47.8% had morbid skin conditions. Frictional callosities in palm were observed in 18 (19.6%) subjects while 4 (4.3%) subjects had contact dermatitis. Other conditions included dry, fissured and scaly skin, infectious skin lesion, tinea cruris, lesion and ulcers on hands and/or soles.Conclusion
The skin conditions were common in the age group of 20–25 years, males, those having ≥1 year exposure and those working for longer hours. Half of the workers not using personal protective equipment had reported skin-related symptoms. 相似文献3.
Background:
Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) is the gold standard in the diagnosis of immunobullous diseases. However, it cannot reliably differentiate various subtypes of subepidermal immune- bullous diseases (SIBD). Salt split technique (SST) could be used under such circumstances to differentiate them. There is paucity of reports in the Indian literature regarding the SST.Aim:
This study was designed to evaluate the utility of direct SST in subepidermal blistering diseases.Materials and Methods:
Fourteen clinically diagnosed cases of subepidermal blistering diseases were included in the study. Two perilesional punch biopsies were taken one each for DIF and salt split study.Results:
Linear basement membrane zone band with IgG and/or C3 was seen in 14 cases of patients BP. Salt split study showed epidermal or mixed pattern of deposits in 12 patients and exclusive floor pattern in two patients. The diagnosis was revised in these two patients to epidermolysis bullosa acquisita.Conclusion:
SST is a simple, inexpensive procedure and should be routinely employed in the diagnosis of subepidermal bullous diseases. 相似文献4.
H Ghaninejad A H Ehsani M Ghiasi P Noormohammadpour E Najafi G Naderi M Ganji M Mirnezami R Nezami P Kiani 《Indian journal of dermatology》2009,54(3):247-250
Background:
Skin lesions – benign and malignant – occur frequently in organ transplant recipients receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy. These patients are at greater risk of skin cancers.Aims:
To study dermatologic problems in renal transplant recipients (RTRs).Methods:
One hundred patients (53 men and 47 women) were consecutively examined for benign and malignant skin complications since transplantation in Razi Hospital in Tehran Medical University. The main immunosuppressive therapy regimen in these patients was a combination of prednisolone, azathioprine, and cyclosporine.Results:
The early and most common complication was cosmetic side effects that occurred in 98% patients. Skin infections occurred in 83% of the patients and most of them were viral infections (65%), especially of human papilloma viruses (HPVs) in 40% of the patients. We found six cases of malignancy in these patients in that four cases were skin cancers, including one case of SCC, one BCC, and two cases of Kaposi''s sarcoma. Dermatologic problems occur most frequently in RTRs, especially skin cancers which have higher frequency in these patients than general population, particularly, Kaposi sarcoma. Sun exposure has an important role in developing epithelial skin cancers following transplantation. The age of developing skin cancer in these patients was early than normal population.Conclusion:
Our results emphasize the importance of dermatologic examinations and monitoring RTRs to obtain an early diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous manifestations. 相似文献5.
Background:
The non-surgical management of non-melanoma skin cancers is an area requiring clinical investigation. Radiotherapy has a role in treatment for a defined subset of patients.Aims:
The application of radiotherapy is subject to availability of proper equipment, non-availability of which precludes appropriate radiotherapy in most centers in third world countries.Materials and Methods:
The introduction of innovations is needed to circumvent this. Plesiotherapy is such a mode of therapy for non-melanoma skin cancer.Methods:
The introduction of innovations is needed to circumvent this. Plesiotherapy is such a mode of therapy for non-melanoma skin cancer.Results:
In this paper we present successful management of a cohort of non-melanoma skin cancer patients with plesiotherapy using stepping source192 Ir HDR source.Conclusions:
Plesiothrapy is an effective mode of therapy for non-melanoma skin cancer. 相似文献6.
Sudip Das R C Ghorami T Chatterjee Gautam Banerjee 《Indian journal of dermatology》2010,55(2):148-149
Background:
There have been various controversial reports regarding the efficacy of topical agents in topical therapy of alopecia areata.Aim:
The study aims to find out the effective ones among the readily available ones for a dermatologist.Materials and Methods:
Eighty patients were chosen from the skin OPD of Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, after evaluating the exclusion criterions. Treatments were continued for 3 month period and a follow up after further 3 months. After dividing them into four groups–group-I (topical steroids), group-II (topical tretinoin 0.05%) group-III (dithranol paste 0.25%), and group-IV (white soft petrolatum jelly)–patients were evaluated.Results:
Seventy percent of group-I, 55% of group-II, 35% of group-III, and 20% of the control group (white soft petrolatum jelly) responded favorably. Side effects in the form of dermatitis and hyperpigmentation were seen in group-III. However, no patient discontinued from the study.Conclusion:
We conclude that both topical steroids and tretinoin were fairly effective in limited variant of alopecia areata. 相似文献7.
Background:
Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) reproducible imaging technique has already been reported to be useful in the diagnosis of other skin diseases.Objective:
To define RCM features of vitiligo on different clinical stages.Materials and Methods:
A total of 125 patients with a clinical diagnosis of vitiligo were included in this study. After informed consent, lesional skins of those vitiligo patients were characterized by using RCM. Five patients with inflammatory cell infiltration observed at the edge of skin lesions and another 5 patients without inflammatory cell infiltration were selected. Biopsies were performed at same sites of the RCM examination areas for histological and immune-histological analysis.Results:
In the active stage of vitiligo, the RCM examination revealed that the bright dermal papillary rings presented at the dermoepidermal junction level in normal skin lost their integrity or totally disappeared, border between vitiligo lesion and normal skin became unclear, and highly refractile cells that referred to infiltrated inflammatory cells could be seen within the papillary dermis at the edge of the lesions. In the stable stage of vitiligo, the RCM showed a complete loss of melanin in lesional skin and a clear border between lesional and normal skin.Conclusion:
A simple clinical examination with RCM may reliably and efficiently allow evaluation of the stability status of vitiligo lesions. 相似文献8.
Mohmad Ashraf Teli N A Khan M Ashraf Darzi Meenu Gupta A Tufail 《Indian journal of dermatology》2009,54(4):342-346
Background:
The spectrum of skin cancer in Kashmir valley is drastically different from the rest of the country. Maxwell was the first to report skin cancer of lower extremities in Kashmiri population, developing on/over erythema ab igne, and attributed it to the use/or exposure of Kangri. These tumors have an aggressive biological behavior with a substantial risk of loco-regional metastasis in 30-50% cases. Because of unique geographical distribution of Kangri cancer, there is dearth of literature regarding the natural history, loco-regional and distant metastatic pattern and treatment recommendations in these tumors.Aims:
To study the metastatic pattern of these skin tumors and to assess the impact of various treatment modalities and use of prophylactic nodal treatment in this clinical entity.Methods:
The retrospective study (study period 1993-2005) included 266 patients of squamous cell carcinoma of skin of lower extremities and abdominal wall. Two hundred and forty-four cases with a follow-up of 2-7 years were included for final analysis with stress on loco-regional relapse pattern and methods of treatment evolved and used at our institute from time to time. Statistical analysis was done using yates corrected Chi-square test and odds ratio analysis.Results:
Our results favor the use of post operative radiotherapy to primary and prophylactic treatment of regional nodes on the lines of head and neck tumors in these cases.Conclusion:
Post operative radiotherapy significantly decreases the loco-regional recurrences and a trial of prophylactic nodal irradiation is justified in a selected group of such patients. 相似文献9.
Ruiz-Villaverde R Sánchez-Cano D Rodrigo JR Gutierrez CV 《Indian journal of dermatology》2011,56(6):694-699
Background:
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease that affects 1 to 3% of the population in most industrialized countries. It is commonly associated with a variety of psychological problems including low self-esteem, depression, suicidal thoughts, and sexual dysfunction.Materials and Methods:
We have performed a pilot study in which we have tried to assess the impact on sexual dysfunction in patients with psoriasis who have started treatment with biological therapy using validated indexes in Spanish: International Index of Erectile Function for men and female sexual function index in women.Results:
Considering the men and women from our study, an improvement in FSFI by an average of 9.5 and 6.3 points is observed, respectively.Conclusion:
We considered our series as a first step for a more detailed approach to the study of sexual function in patients with psoriasis. 相似文献10.
11.
Background:
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LAD) of children is relatively frequent in Africa.Aim:
We undertook this study to evaluate the frequency of this disease among autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs) in Tunisian children.Materials and Methods:
We present a 32-year retrospective study (January 1976 to December 2007). Children with chronic acquired bullous diseases seen at the Charles Nicolle Hospital of Tunis and for who direct immunofluorescence (DIF) of the perilesional skin demonstrated linear IgA immunoglobulin deposits were included in the study population.Results:
Thirty-one children with LAD were selected representing 65.9% of all AIBDs of children selected in the same period, with a mean age of 5.5 years and a sex ratio (M/F) of 2.4. Most of the children had generalized eruption (28/31), more profuse on the face, pelvic region, buttocks and limbs. Mucosal lesions happened in only four children (12.9%). The mean duration of the disease was 14 months. DIF demonstrated linear IgA deposits along the dermal–epidermal junction in all patients. IgG, IgM, and complement were also seen (20/31). Indirect immunofluorescence was negative in 67% of cases. Eight patients responded to dapsone; however, prednisone had to be added in seven children to control the disease and erythromycin in four others. A long-term remission period was achieved in 76.1% of patients.Conclusion:
This study confirms that LAD is the most common AIBD in children in Tunisia which frequently occurs in preschool-aged males. Independently of the used drug, a long-term remission is frequently observed. 相似文献12.
Omar Soliman El Safoury Marwa M Fawzy Zeinab M El Maadawa Dalia H Mohamed 《Indian journal of dermatology》2009,54(4):319-322
Background:
Skin tags are common benign skin tumors usually occurring on the neck and major flexors of elder people.Aims:
The aim of this study is to perform quantitation of mast cells and collagen fibers in skin tags and normal skin in diabetics and nondiabetics, to find a possible correlation between mast cells and collagen fibers in the pathogenesis of skin tags.Methods:
Thirty participants with skin tags were divided into two groups (15 diabetic and 15 nondiabetic). Three biopsies were obtained from one anatomical site: A large skin tag, a small skin tag, and adjacent normal skin. Mast cells stained with Bismarck brown were counted manually in ten different fields of each section with magnification ×1000 and the average count was correlated with the percentage of mean collagen area in five fields done by the image analyzer.Results:
A statistically significant correlation between mast cell count and percentage of collagen mean area was detected in both studied groups (except in large skin tags of the nondiabetic group).Conclusion:
The positive correlation between mast cell count and percentage of collagen mean area suggests the critical role of mast cells in the etiogenesis of skin tags through its interaction with fibroblasts. 相似文献13.
Mattar EH 《Indian journal of dermatology》2011,56(1):19-24
Background:
With aging there is alteration of elastic properties of the skin and skin-blood flow.Aim:
The purpose of this study was to compare age-related changes in selected biomechanical parameters of the skin (skin hardness, skin extensibility, relaxation time constant, τ) and subcutaneous microcirculatory quality (SMQ) in individuals with and without venous diseases.Materials and Methods:
Two groups were studied: the first group was of asymptomatic healthy individuals and the second group included patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and venous ulceration, without edema. Both groups were subdivided to three age categories (21-40, 41-60 and 61-90 years old). Skin hardness was measured by durometer, extensibility and τ were measured using extensometer and SQM was assessed via postural vasoconstrictive response (LDF).Results:
Results showed that skin hardness, extensibility, and τ-values were increased, whereas LDF was decreased in the older groups as compared with younger groups. These changes are attributed to alterations in the skin structure and reduced capillaries density networks. Similar behavior was found in the biomechanical and microcirculatory changes in patients with venous ulceration and CVI, but these changes were more increased further in older patients with venous ulceration as compared with older patients with CVI and that can be attribute to more intense response against tissue injury.Conclusions:
Since aging elevated skin hardness and extensibility, but lowered vasoconstrictive response in individuals, with and without, venous diseases, we conclude that aging process is likely to cause an accumulation of damaged skin tissues and that could induce an apparent antigen-driven response that altered skin structure and the subsequent biomechanical properties obtained in this study. 相似文献14.
Background:
Many malignancies affecting the internal organs display cutaneous manifestations which may be either specific (tumor metastases) or nonspecific lesions.Aims:
The study is aimed at determining the frequency and significance of cutaneous manifestations among patients with internal malignancy.Materials and Methods:
750 cases of proven internal malignancy, who attended a cancer chemotherapy center in South India, were studied. Specific infiltrates were confirmed by histopathology, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and marker studies.Results:
Out of the 750 patients with internal malignancy, skin changes were seen in a total of 52 (6.93%) patients.Conclusion:
Cutaneous metastases (specific lesions) were seen in 20 patients (2.66%): contiguous in 6 (0.8%), and non-contiguous in 14 (1.86%). Nonspecific skin changes were seen in 32 patients (4.26%). None of our patients presented with more than one type of skin lesions. Herpes zoster was the most common nonspecific lesion noticed in our patients, followed by generalized pruritus, multiple eruptive seborrheic keratoses, bullous disorder, erythroderma, flushing, purpura, pyoderma gangrenosum, insect bite allergy and lichenoid dermatitis. 相似文献15.
Introduction:
It is a functional peripheral vascular disorder characterized by bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membrane due to diminished oxyhemoglobin. It may be due to central or local tissue oxygenation defects. It is a painful episodic disorder, where trophic changes and ulceration are very rare except in necrotizing variant. By definition, it refers to persistent abnormally deep blue or cyanotic discoloration of skin over extremities (hand and feet most commonly) due to decreased oxyhemoglobin.Etiology:
It can be both primary and secondary to psychiatric, neurologic, autoimmune, infective, metabolic and other causes. The existing hypothesis suggests the prevailing role of vasospastic reaction over possible blood rheology impairment.[1] As per the current line of thinking, it is due to chronic vasospasm of small cutaneous arteries, and arterioles along with compensatory dilatation in the capillary and post capillary venules causes cyanosis and sweating.Clinical Features:
Acrocyanosis is an uncommon condition. It usually presents with coolness and violaceous dusky discolorations of hands and less frequently the feet. Other peripheral part like ear, nose, lips and nipple can also be affected.[2] The changes may be transient after cold exposure but frequently persist during winter and even in summer.Management:
There is no standard and curative medical or surgical treatment of acrocyanosis. In mild cases, it is unnecessary to give any drug treatment. Life style modification, dietary and hygiene counseling, avoidance of cold and reassurance that the bluish skin discoloration does not indicate any serious illness is all that is necessary. 相似文献16.
Arucha Treesirichod Suthida Chaithirayanon Nattakarn Wongjitrat Pattra Wattanapan 《Indian journal of dermatology》2015,60(1):103-Feb;60(1):103
Background:
Vitiligo is one of the disorder that has social impact. Both skin and mucous membrane show depigmentation in vitiligo. Depigmentation in oral cavity can be more easily observed and the patient can be given awareness regarding the condition if they are unaware of vitiligo elsewhere in their body and can be guided for treatment.Aim and objectives:
The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of occurrence of oral mucosal vitiligo in vitiligo patients and to determine the most commonly involved oral mucosal site.Materials and methods:
The study sample included 100 vitiligo patients. The patients of all age groups and both genders were included. Vitiligo patients associated with systemic conditions such as thyroid disorders, juvenile diabetes mellitus, pernicious anemia, Addison''s disease were excluded in this study.Results:
Out of 100 vitiligo patients 44 % male and 56% were female. The oral presentation of vitiligo in this study showed depigmentation of buccal mucosa in 5% of patients, labial mucosa in 5% of patients, palate in 8% of patients, gingiva in 2% of patients and alveolar mucosa 1%. Depigmentation of lip was seen in 42% of patients. Lip involvement refers to depigmentation of both the lips or either lip. Also vermilion border involvement was noted in majority of cases. In some cases, the depigmentation of lip extended to the facial skin also.Conclusion:
In this study 55 patients out of 100 patients showed depigmentation in the oral cavity. Lip involvement was most common in this study showing about 42% of patients. Intraoral mucosal involvement was found in 21% of patients. Among intraoral mucosal site palate was common followed by buccal and labial mucosa, gingiva. Two patients had lip pigmentation as the only manifestation without any depigmentation in the skin. 相似文献17.
Background:
Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN) is a distinct variety of keratinocytic epidermal naevus. In contrast to non-inflammatory epidermal naevi, ILVEN are far less common, usually erythematous and intractably pruritic. ILVEN usually appears at birth or early childhood and has a linear distribution following the Blaschko lines. Genital/perigenital involvement is relatively rare.Objectives:
To describe the clinical features of 9 children with ILVEN localized to the genital and perigenital areas.Method:
A retrospective study of 9 children with ILVEN presenting to a tertiary care Dermatology Clinic between 2007 and 2014 was undertaken. The clinical and histopathological features were reviewed.Results:
Nine children (6 females, 3 males) were included in the study based on their characteristic clinicopathological features. The lesions were associated with severe itching in all cases. The mean age at presentation was 4 years (range 1-11 years). Onset of lesions was before 6 months of age in 8 patients. Left sided involvement was twice as common as the right sided one. Male patients had penoscrotal and groin involvement while all the female children had vulvar lesions. None of the children had any extracutaneous abnormalities. The children were treated with topical agents with variable relief or symptoms.Conclusions:
The possibility of ILVEN should be considered in every linear genital lesion in children. We have presented the largest series of perigenital ILVEN reported in English literature. 相似文献18.
Omar Soliman El Safoury Dina Sabry Abd El Fatah Magdy Ibrahim 《Indian journal of dermatology》2009,54(4):361-363
Background:
Periocular hyperpigmentation is a condition in which skin of eyelids become darker in color than the normal surrounding skin. Lead and other heavy metals produce increased pigmentation because of deposition of metal particles in the dermis and increased epidermal melanin production.Aims:
This study was conducted to evaluate the dual effect of chelation therapy in treating periocular hyperpigmentation and lead toxicity.Methods:
The study population consisted of nine females complaining from dark coloration of their eyelids. The nine females were continuously using kohl as eyeliner. Lead levels in conjunctiva and serum before and after D-penicillamine (D-PCN) oral administration were estimated in relation to vertical, horizontal length, and degree of hyperpigmentation score.Results:
Highly significant P values (0.000) were obtained as regard to the conjunctival lead levels, serum lead levels, horizontal length, and degree of darkness score before and after D-PCN therapy. A less significant P value (0.040) was recorded as regard to the vertical length.Conclusion:
Regardless other causes, this study spots the light on a new concept for periocular hyperpigmentation from lead toxicity in adult females using kohl and suggests D-PCN in a low divided dose (750 mg/day) for its treatment. 相似文献19.
Background:
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are the most severe adverse drug reactions in children.Objectives:
The objective was to study the causative drugs and outcome in children with SJS, SJS-TEN overlap, and TEN.Materials and Methods:
Retrospective analysis of all the in-patient records of children below 18 years of age with the diagnosis of SJS, SJS-TEN overlap, and TEN was carried out.Results and Conclusions:
Twenty children were identified, eight patients each were diagnosed as SJS and TEN and four as SJS-TEN overlap. Multiple drugs were implicated in 15 cases while single drug was responsible in 5 cases. Antibiotics (40.7%) were implicated as the commonest cause followed by NSAIDS (25.9%) and anticonvulsants (7.4%). Seventeen patients recovered completely and three patients died. 相似文献20.
Seirafi H Fateh S Farnaghi F Ehsani AH Noormohammadpour P 《Indian journal of dermatology》2011,56(1):48-51